"Zaj" - ib tug riam phom ntawm kuv clearance

Minefield - qhov zoo tshaj txoj kev uas yuav tiv thaiv lawv txoj hauj lwm los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab tawm tsam. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no tsis yog ib qho meej deterrent, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau nws yog tsim nyog thiab zoo. Tab sis nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau nyob ib ncig ntawm cov teb, koj yuav tsum xub disarm rau lawv, thiab pab nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb zog, xws li "Zaj" (riam phom). Yuav ua li cas yog nws - ib tug txhim khu kev qha twj rau hauv uas raug tus nqi sib piv cov nqi los yog ruaj ntaus ntawv?

Ib me ntsis keeb kwm

Nco ntsoov hais tias cov thawj niaj hnub kuv clearance systems yog tsim los ntawm lub British nyob rau hauv 1912. Thiab chiv no ua tsov rog tiv thaiv tsis nrog mines thiab pos. Rau lawv tawg siv cov yeeb nkab ntev 5 m, uas twb them 27 kg ntawm pyroxylin. Mos txwv yog palmed tawm nyob rau hauv lub laj kab thiab undermined. Vim hais tias ntawm qhov ntev hauv daim ntawv ntawm munition lub npe hu ua torpedo.

Nyob rau hauv USSR thawj txhais tau tias clearance nyob thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog, thiab nws yog elongate xwb Y3: Nws yog ib tug raj ntev ntawm 2 m thiab ib lub cheeb ntawm 7 cm, uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ib tug me ntsis ntau tshaj 5 kg ntawm TNT. Lub essence ntawm nws ua yog qhov tseeb hais tias lub tank nrog ib tug trawl rub nqi rau kuv clearance, tom qab uas lawv undermined. Txawm tias cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm xws li ib tug system, muaj ntau cov flaws. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, demining yog ceev, thiab nws coj ib tug ntau ntawm kev npaj lub sij hawm.

UR-67

"Zaj" - ib tug riam phom, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub UR-67. Qhov no kuv clearance system twb tau muab siv mus rau nrog anti-tank mines. Nws yog tseeb hais tias cov thawj version tsis yog tus zoo meej tshaj plaws, thiab SD-67 twb hloov los ntawm cov UR-77 "meteorite", uas yog tseem yog lub ntsiab tshuab ntawm no zoo nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog. Thaum tswj cov yooj yim tsim nta ntawm lub system thiab nws cov ntsiab cai ntawm lub lag luam, nws tau ua txawm peem rau nrog tus tshiab mos txwv. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub elongate xwb 77 detonating cables yog ntev tshaj li 10 m, uas yog tuaj koom rau hauv ib qaum hau ceev.

Yog vim li cas "Tus zaj"?

Riam phom, uas hais txog nws cov duab groznosti, tau txais lub npe yog tsis muaj kev huam yuaj. Qhov no yog vim lub hwj chim loj thiab frightening pom: xub thawj tus deafening roar ntawm ib tug foob pob ua ntxaij engine, thiab ces tus ntuj vzmetaetsya luv luv foob pob ua ntxaij, thiab tom qab nws nce mus txog ib yam dab tsi dawb. Tom qab uncoupling foob pob ua ntxaij yoov rau pem hauv ntej, thiab ntog mus rau hauv av ib tug ntev "hnyuv ntxwm", ces cov av shakes ib tug loj heev tawg.

Yuav ua li cas puas tau tus tsim ...

Nws yog zoo kawg li, tab sis thaum koj tsim ib tug qauv designers muaj mus tso tseg lub paus ntawm ib tug tracked tsheb. Qhov no hom ntawm kuv clearance system tau txais cov ntawv UR-83p, nws yog thauj los ntawm lub tsheb loj, thiab ces yuav mus ncaj qha rau ntawm lub battlefield, nyob rau hauv ib tug tank trench.

Tank installation yog ib tug khaub-ncaws nyias ncej, tab sis lub system yog tsis ntau vim hais tias ntawm lub efficiency yog npaum li cas weaker. Nyob rau hauv wartime, qhov "Zaj" (riam phom, uas yog tseem yog ib tug ntawm tus tov nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no) yog ib tug poj pab nyob rau hauv kev kov yeej kev minefields. Thaum kawg nws muaj lub sij hawm los cawm lub neej ntawm sappers thiab yooj.

Yuav ua li cas yog tus yam ntxwv?

"Zaj" - ib tug riam phom uas yog lossi kev txhim kho. Yog li, lub chassis qauv yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov tsheb laij teb MT-LB. Qhov tshwj xeeb nta ntawm tus qauv tshiab muaj xws li:

1. Ib tug tshwj xeeb hau tiv thaiv tus pej thuam launcher rockets coj tso thawv thiab qaum. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb innovation, vim hais tias cov armored mos txwv thawv muaj ntau tshaj li 1,500 tons ntawm explosives. Ua ntej pib, armored npog ntawm lub nce mus rau yam lub, ces txhais tsuas yog peb cov nyees khawm: khoom-propellant lub cev muaj zog launches, undermining xwb dumped nres hlua.
2. Recharging lub installation yuav siv sij hawm txog 40 feeb.
3. Heev qaum yuav pw los crane los yog manually.
4. "Zaj" - ib tug riam phom uas yuav tsum khiav txawm nrog ib lub cev ntawm cov dej.

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm no nroj tsuag twb siv nyob rau hauv nqe ntaus rog nyob rau hauv 1973 - nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm riam phom uas muaj exported rau tim lyiv teb chaws. Tom qab ntawd ua qauv tau koom nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov sib ntaus sib tua lub Soviet Union thiab Russia.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws ua hauj lwm?

UR-77 - ib tug self-propelled tsev teeb reservation clearance uas yog tau ua zaj dav ntawm 6 m rau minefields hais tias "cov khoom ua si" protivogusenichnymi antitank mines thiab kuv-ntes nrog ib tug txiv neej kawg. Kws txawj tau muab sau tseg tias system yooj yim thiab nti tiv nrog lub siab heev demolition landmines (analogous mus US M14) nyob rau hauv lub sawb dav mus txog rau 14 m.

Ib qho ntawm feem txhim khu kev qha txhais tau tias ntawm kuv clearance hnub no - lub system ntawm "zaj" (riam phom). Yuav ua li cas yuav siv nws? Mines tawg vim lub fact tias txhais lawv tus kheej fuses nyob rau hauv cov nyhuv ntawm cov poob siab yoj. Nws, nyob rau hauv lem, yog tsim los ntawm cov tawg ntawm ib tug elongated demining xwb. Lub installation nws tus kheej muaj ob ntsiab - siv ib lub tshuab los luj hloov chassis thiab ntauwd chav tsev uas muaj ob launchers rau cuaj luaj ntawm cov thiab ob compartments nyob rau hauv lub seem ntawm lub detonating qaum.

Lwm - Howitzer "Carnation"

"Zaj" - Demining riam phom uas tseem nrov tsis yog thawj zaug teb xyoo, ua tsaug rau nws cov cim yam ntxwv. Raws li cov khoom siv propelled howitzer 2C1 "Carnation", uas yog lub classic tswvyim ntawm ib tug pej thuam siv. Nws cov ntaub ntawv yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov hlau los xij, nws txawv kev ncaj ncees thiab muaj peev xwm hla dej obstacles. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv peb ceg: lub hwj chim, tswj thiab kev sib ntaus los.

Nyob rau lub ru tsev yog welded ntauwd neeg coob compartment uas yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug yam lub pob tawb. Pej thuam yog txawm peem rau nrog ib qho kev ntsuas thiab ib qho chaw rau cov neeg coob. Nyob rau starboard sab muaj ib lub rooj zaum ntawm lub loader, tso nyob rau hauv lub tes tsho thiab nyob rau sab laug ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm - lub gunner lub rooj zaum thiab sights. Lub ntsiab riam phom - qhov howitzer, uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm 122 hli mos txwv. Howitzers ua hauj lwm yog ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm high-heev zoo li ntawm ntau hom, uas yog feem ntau supplemented los ntawm hu rau detonators. Ntau ntau yam - 15,2 km.

Mos txwv "Zaj" system

Riam phom hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam yog raws li nram no: nws yog lam xav siv ntawm tej mos txwv. Nws muaj xws li ob elongated them nyiaj ntawm demining, uas yog cov khoom towing lub tsheb. Ib tug xwb tsim rau ib tug pass, i.e. los ntawm qhov chaw kawm ib tug ntawm cov mos txwv yuav ua tau ib zaug ob tug zaj 93 m ntev thiab 6 m dav. Thaum lub sij hawm tiag tiag installation sib ntaus sib tua yuav tsum positioned nyob rau hauv lub hau, thiab cov chaw qhib. Nqi pib nrog ib tug luv luv nres. Nqi yuav khiav nrog dej thaum koj xav tau mus luaj mines ntawm minefields raws coastline.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws - qhov chaw kawm

Haib thiab niaj hnub "Zaj" riam phom. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam ntawm tag nrho cov kuv txiav txim system raws li nram no:

1. UR-77 ua cov zaj thiab extends rau ib tug minefield, thaum nws yuav sawv ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 200-500 m.
2. Ze ntawm lub minefield thaj tsam txiav txim commander, uas seb puas tsimnyog tau ntauwd installation rau ib tug nce lub, thiab ces teeb meem ib tug hais kom pib lub them nyiaj.
3. Foob pob ua ntxaij los nrog ib daim ntawv qhia thiab ya rau ib tug tej yam trajectory, rub nyob rau tib lub sij hawm rau ib tug saj zawg zog cable txuas nrog rau explosives.
4. Foob pob ua ntxaij nrog ib tug them nyiaj mus tam sim ntawd ntawm ib tug ntev uas yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov ntev ntawm tus nres hlua - nws yog txuas mus rau lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub tsheb.
5. Tus nqi ntog mus rau hauv ib tug minefield, thiab foob pob ua ntxaij propellant cav txiav tawm.
6. Lub tshuab yog noj rov qab tsav tsheb kws kho tsheb dlhos xwb nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj kab.
7. Hluav taws kub rov qab nres cable.
8. Ua ib tug tag nrho lub voj voog ntawm zaj tuas ib tug tshaj plaws ntawm 5 feeb
9. Thaum cov thawj voj voog yog tiav, tus thib ob xwb yog pib.
10. Recharging lub tsheb yuav siv sij hawm txog 40 feeb.

Mus nqa tawm no txoj kev, lub tsheb yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ib tug predetermined qhov chaw. Recharge lub sij hawm ntawm xam ntawm rog taub hau demining department 30-40 feeb.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub zeem muag?

"Zaj" (riam phom ntawm SD-77), uas yog tseem xa mus rau "meteorite" tsov ua rog, nyob rau hauv 2014 nws twb dua pauv mus rau lub riam phom ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, albeit nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv tshiab. Lub tshiab installation yog tsim los ntawm lub koom haum kev tshawb fawb ntawm Balashikha thiab designers Rubtsovsk Tshuab-Tsev Cog. Raws li rau lub chassis ntawm cov qauv no twb tau muab siv los luj kev sib ntaus los lub tsheb BMP-3. Cov launcher yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug ntxiv elongated nqi clearance.

"Zaj" - riam phom nyob rau hauv Russia, uas yog nrov rau nws cov sophisticated tsim thiab kev yam ntxwv. Lawv muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau los ua tej nqe vaj lug nyob rau hauv lub minefield dav ntawm ib ob peb kaum ntawm meters thaum twg deb. Tshiab nqi yuav rhuav tshem tag nrho cov hom ntawm mines. Tus nqi ntawm cov installation - foob pob ua ntxaij, uas yog txuas mus rau ib tug ntev cable: lub foob pob nyob rau nws. Thaum txoj hlua poob mus rau hauv av, cov explosives detonate thiab tsam lub mines nyob rau hauv ib lub vojvoog ntawm ob peb meters. Yog li, muaj ib tug muaj kev ruaj ntseg tso cai los ntawm kev uas yuav kis tau tus infantry tsav tub rog tsheb.

Raws li cov kws txawj, uas nqa tawm lub xeem ntawm lub cev, demining ntawm cov nqi detonate mines. Ib tug ntaus ntawv, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ib tug blasting ntiab tawm sab nraum ntawm cleared passageway. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus los tej yam kev mob, qhov no nroj yuav ua tau ntau npaum.

Nta ntawm lub tshiab system

Nws yog npaj tias cov qauv UR-07M, uas yuav hloov lub installation ntawm "zaj" yuav tau yooj yim yuav kam nrog kuv nqaum sawb. Nrog nws yuav prodelyvat nqe vaj lug kub ntawm txaus dav nyob rau hauv lub chaw ntug hiav kab mus rau ib tug tob ntawm tsib meters. Nqe vaj lug kub ua maj - pawg pib cov mos txwv nrog ib cov cab kuj uas tsiv raws bank, ces lawv yuav tsum tau tej qhov nqaij nyob rau hauv lub kawm tuab si lug tso cai. Nws yog muab sau tseg tias pitching ntawm lub nkoj yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau cov neeg ntawm lub mov ntawm cov mos txwv, vim hais tias nws yuav tsum pab txhawb los ntawm ib tug tsis siv neeg tua hluav taws tswj raws li computers. Designers siab rau qhov tseeb hais tias "Zaj" raws li ib tug kuv-clearing riam phom tseem yuav tsum tau peresmorta thiab tsim, thiab cov kev specifications kom tau raws li lub neej tshiab nimno yuav tsum tau. Uas yog vim li cas nws twb txiav txim siab los mus txhim kho lub qub system, nqa nws niaj hnub siv tshuab.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub system yog ib tug trailer unit "garter" BDS-01, uas tso cai rau koj mus ua tej nqe vaj lug nyob rau hauv antitank minefields. Nqi pib los ntawm ob lub towing cov khoom tsis tau ib tug neeg coob tawm ntawm lub tshuab, thiab offline - nyob rau hauv av los yog tawm ntawm lub trench.