Yuav ua li cas yog lub paradigm nyob rau hauv psychology thiab Sociology

Lub tswvyim ntawm "paradigm" twb xub qhia nyob rau hauv philosophy ntawm science positivist G. Bergman, tab sis los ua lug paub tom qab ntawv ntawm T. Kuhn lawv scientific thiab philosophical tej hauj lwm. Nws muaj nws lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv lub scientific kiv puag ncig raws li ib tug paradigm ua haujlwm - ib co thawj zaug conceptual thiab theoretical coj uas tus thawj lub science nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam keeb kwm lub sij hawm. Yog li ntawd dab tsi yog qhov paradigm nyob rau hauv science? Nyob rau hauv cov tswvyim no yog hais txog tag nrho cov kev ncaj ncees ntawm txoj kev ntseeg, qhov tseem ceeb thiab vib this los ntawm txoj kev tshawb no, uas yog tau txais los ntawm lub scientific lub zej lub zos.

Puas siab puas ntsws foundations nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim ntawm "paradigm". Kev txiav txim ntawm txawv le caag

Nrog hais txog qhov kev kawm ntawm lub siab thiab tus cai lij choj ntawm nws cov manifestation tsim peb le caag txug cov lus teb rau lo lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug paradigm nyob rau hauv psychology?".

Tus thawj mus kom ze muaj nyob rau hauv lub fact tias qhov no tej yam ntuj tso science yog doparadigmalnoy teb ntawm kev txawj ntse, raws li ib tug scientific paradigm nws twb tsis tau raug tsim.

Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob mus kom ze, psychologists ntseeg multiparadigmality science, txij li thaum nws tau tsim ob peb paradigms - psychoanalytic, behaviorist, humanist, cognitivist thiab lwm tus neeg.

Qhov thib peb mus kom ze yog yus muaj los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias psychology yog suav tias yog vneparadigmalnoy science, vim hais tias lub tswvyim ntawm "paradigm" tsis thov nyob rau hauv daim teb no.

Humanities thiab tej yam ntuj tso science paradigms nyob rau hauv psychology

Lub npe nrov German paub txog Wilhelm Dilthey qhia explanatory psychology ntau gravitating rau txoj kev ntawm lub caij nyoog sciences, thiab piav txog los sis to taub. Qhov no pom ntawm ob hom ntawm science uas muaj feem rau tam sim no hnub.

Cov kev thiab hom kev kawm ntawm kev paub txog tib neeg psyche raug koom sib tham nyob rau hauv psychology, thiab qhov teeb meem no yog tsis yog los ntawm ib tug tib tshuaj. Piav txog qhov teeb meem no, B. lees paub sau hais tias psychologists feem ntau hnov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub caij nyoog sciences, uas psychology tsis yog ib tug science, vim nws twb tsis leej cai nruj me ntsis scientific txoj kev ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau lwm yam tes, sai li sai raws li lub psychologists pib kom tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lej txoj kev piav txog kev xav, nrhiav kev pab kom du dais formalization, neeg pab leg ntaubntawv tshwm sim txawm nyob rau hauv lub humanities - hais tias, cov tib neeg psyche yog li ntawd txoj hais tias nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau formalize. Cov tib qhov teeb meem no peb yuav soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv lub heev psychology.

Tw scientistic mus kom ze li ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov hlau lead psychoanalysis. Raws li tus naas ej Kizhi ua tau tsis muaj ib tug ntsia thawv, thiab cov tsev ntawm psychoanalytic tiam sis nyob rau hauv psychology ua tau tsis muaj ib tug zauv kos npe rau. Kev sib tham los ntawm UFW ntawm cov le caag tseem yuav mus nyob rau.

Lub tswvyim ntawm paradigm nyob rau hauv Sociology

Yuav kom to taub li cas ib tug paradigm nyob rau hauv Sociology, koj yuav tsum paub hais tias nyob rau hauv relation mus rau lub tswvyim ntawm "paradigm" nyob rau hauv no science npaj zoo xws li cov teeb meem no piav saum toj no. Txij li thaum Sociology muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm yuav tsum muaj theories, nws cia li zoo li psychology, yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau "multiparadigmality" science, uas yog, lub scientific kev qhuab qhia uas muaj ntau yam paradigms. Soj ntsuam nws tam sim no lub xeev, lub renowned sociologist GV Osipov sau tseg ib tug xov tooj ntawm loj schemes uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv zoo-paub theories ntawm Durkheim, Marx, B. Skinner, M. Weber.

Ib tug me ntsis txawv lo lus teb rau lo lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug paradigm?" yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lub sociological ntaub ntawv txawv teb chaws. Piv txwv li, Giddens pom li paradigmatic scientific theories ntawm Karl Marx, Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber. Nrog rau qhov no, koj yuav tsis tham txog ib tug ntau ntawm paradigms nyob rau hauv Sociology, tab sis tsuas yog ob tug - classical thiab niaj hnub. Muaj ntau txawv teb chaws sociologists cam hais tias piav nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov sai hloov qhov ntawm cov tam sim no era ntawm kev dab nrog kev pab los ntawm lub theoretical constructs zaum ntawm yav dhau los centuries yog tsis tau. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev hloov lawv tsim ib daim duab ntawm kev muaj tiag, lawv ntaus tswv yim ntawm cov haiv neeg yuav tsum muaj ib tug tshiab sociological paradigm.