Qab zib Keeb kwm ntawm qhob noom xim kasfes

Niaj hnub no peb tej zaum hu chocolate zaub mov ntawm lub tswv ntuj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nyob rau hauv ntau plaub millennia ntawm nws lub neej, ntau tau hloov. Chiv nws tsis yog khoom, thiab haus dej haus. Nws tsis yog qab zib thiab ntsim, ntsim. Thiab nws twb tsis tau txais kev pab kub thiab txias. Yuav ua li cas yog lub keeb kwm ntawm qhob noom xim kasfes? Yuav ua li cas ntev tau nws nyob?

Ancient Indian pab pawg neeg: lub cult ntawm qhob noom xim kasfes

Txawm tias ua ntej peb era uas nyob rau hauv dab tsi yog tam sim no Mexico cov Olmec pab pawg neeg paub tias dab tsi chocolate. Nws twb zoo siab uas raws li lub haus dej ntawm lub gods. Anthropologists tau pom ua pov thawj tias cocoa taum yog zus raws li ib tug pab tau kab lis kev cai nyob rau hauv 1900 BC Lawv roasted thiab milled, thiab ces zoo nrog chilli thiab ntau yam txuj lom thiab flavored haus twb npaj.

Cov ancient Olmecs, Mayas thiab Aztecs nrhiav tau hais tias chocolate tsis yog tsuas yog qab ntxiag mus rau lub saj, nws kuj pab mus ob peb vas, thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, muaj aphrodisiac zog. Yog li ntawd, nws mysterious txais vaj txiaj ntsim zog. Nyob rau hauv ib co txoj kev, cov khoom no tau ua txawm tus kwv uas pe hawm Vajtswv, vim hais tias cov ancient American cov pab pawg neeg Revered tus vaj tswv ntawm cocoa. Ntsim haus nyob rau hauv cov hnub, yog tsis muaj rau txhua leej txhua tus, tsis muaj kev zam, tus txiv neej, nws tau siv nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb ritual ceremonies, thiab noj nws yuav tsuas pov thawj thiab dignitaries.

Nyob rau hauv lub XV caug xyoo, lub cocoa taum tau los ua ib tug zoo txiaj. Lawv siv cov pab pawg neeg Aztec thiab Mayan mus pauv ntawm lawv tus kheej. Piv txwv li, rau 100 units, koj yuav tau ib tug nyob qaib.

Raws li ib txhia qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua Aztec tus huab tais Montezuma haus peb litres ntawm qhob noom xim kasfes ib hnub twg rau boost nws libido.

1500s: cov tsos ntawm qhob noom xim kasfes nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe

Tsaug rau cov lus Mev conquistador Hernan Cortes, lub cocoa taum twb coj tuaj rau teb chaws Europe. Lub legendary conqueror ntawm Mexico tau saib qhib tej qhov chaw kub thiab nyiaj, thiab pom lwm yam wealth uas tau menyuam los ntawm nws countrymen.

Nyob rau hauv Spain formulation haus ntau lawm hloov. Kua ntawm cov khoom xyaw muab tshem tawm, hloov nws nyob rau hauv tib lub niam thiab vanilla. Cov haus dej pib sov xwb Spaniards. Thiab tab sis yog qhob noom xim kasfes tau ua txawv, qab zib, nws tseem tseem thawj cwj pwm ntawm cov khoom kim heev thiab muaj nyiaj.

tsum yeej xwb lub ntiaj teb no

Ob peb xyoo lawm tseem muaj ib tug kub chocolate haus heev dua lwm yam lus Mev. Maj mam, li cas los xij, nws lub koob meej kis. Nyob rau hauv 1615 tus ntxhais ntawm lub Mev King Philip III sib yuav Louis XIII. Txij li thaum nws nyiam haus dej yog mus rau Fabkis nyob qhov twg nws tau chaw thiab tau enlisted lub adoration ntawm lub zos nom tswv cajceg.

Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, Fabkis, Austria thiab Switzerland qhib ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv uas cov qhua twb tau txais kev pab chocolate. Kev thov rau raw cov ntaub ntawv loj hlob, yog li zus tau tej cov taum yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv Central America. Thaum los ntawm cov cheeb tsam no, ib nthwv dej ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv cocoa plantations pib mus ua hauj lwm tshwj xeeb uas coj rau lub hom phiaj no los ntawm African qhev.

Lub advent ntawm cov khoom chocolate

Qhob noom xim kasfes tseem haus aristocrats kom txog rau thaum 1828. Ces tus chemist Conrad van Holland Guten yees ib tug tshwj xeeb xovxwm, uas roasted taum yuav av mus rau ib tug hmoov. Yog li ntawd nws twb sib cais roj cocoa butter. Nrog nws, koj muaj peev xwm ua tau hardening chocolate.

Qhov no qhib ib tug tshiab era nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm ib tug nyiam ntawm ntau cov khoom. Tsaug rau ib tug tshiab txoj kev ua, nqi ntau tsis, thiab nws yog tej zaum yuav siv nyob rau hauv chocolate ua noj ua haus. Maj mam nws los ua ib tug loj cov khoom, muaj tsis tau tsuas yog muaj nplua nwj neeg.

Nyob rau hauv 1847, lub British lub tuam txhab JS Fry & Tub ua tus thawj khoom chocolate bar. Nws muaj cocoa hmoov, butter thiab qab zib. Rudolf Lindt nyob rau hauv 1879, zoo ntau lawm. Nws invented ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuab rau conching, uas tso cai rau kom muab ib tug homogeneous loj ntawm qab zib velvety kev ntxhib los mos.

Nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua thaum ntxov muaj zoo-paub hom niaj hnub no "Mars", "Cadbury" thiab "Hershey". Lawv tsim lub ntau lawm ntawm tus hlub neeg ntawm ntau lub teb chaws ntawm qhob noom xim kasfes khoom. Thiab cov tuam txhab uas muag nyob ua ib ke hnub no, kev tswj cov zoo tshaj plaws kev cai.

Koj puas paub tias nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no txhua txhua xyoo siv 75 lab las rau chocolate?