Lavxias teb sab aircraft ntawm WWII. Tus thawj Lavxias teb sab dav hlau

Lub Union ntawm Soviet Socialist republics thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog muaj yig zog thiab paub paus ntawm lawv fleet. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub thirties raws li ib feem ntawm lub fleet twb yeej los ntawm aircraft ntawm txawv teb chaws siv thiab ua, uas los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub kev tsov kev rog twb yeej los ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub rog aircraft.

Yuavtsum tau kawm uantej rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Soviet tub rog aviation

Siv cov kev faib ntawm lub Union ntawm Soviet Socialist republics, lam xav rau tag nrho cov autonomy ntawm ib yam ntawm cov ceg, yuav nws muaj, ua liaj ua teb los yog tub rog. Txawm li cas los, nyob lub hlws ris ntawm lub twenties thiab thirties aircraft fleet aircraft tau mas. Ib tug Lavxias teb sab cov dav hlau tsuas tsim ntsaum 2 thiab ntsaum-9 lawm tsim Tupolev. Teeb meem aviavooruzheniya Red Army nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog:

- outdated qauv ntawm cov tsheb;

- cov neeg pluag kev mob ntawm lub aircraft;

- neunifitsirovannost (loj kis ntawm cov qauv thiab hom tsis pub rau optimize cov spare qhov chaw database).

Tsim kom muaj cov tub rog aircraft ua ntej lub ntiaj teb no

Zoo hloov nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam tuaj nrog lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub Moscow Aviation lub koom haum. Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho kev kawm platform muab ib tug tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lub aircraft factories thiab tsim bureau.

Lub Soviet tsoom fwv rau ua lag luam ntau tib neeg thiab nyiaj txiag kev pab nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab cov dav hlau. Twb rau lub thib ob pre-tsov rog tsib-xyoo lub aircraft manufacturers muaj ib tug dav zus tau tej cov ib tug tag nrho cov voj voog hauv paus. Nws ua cov hauj lwm ntawm General Secretary Stalin los ua ib tug niaj hnub aviation. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-thirties ntawm lub xeem xeem sib ntaus ntawm cov thawj Soviet bomber, muab zais nyob rau hauv pej xeem thauj nkoj. Tus thawj Lavxias teb sab aircraft, uas ces koom nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II, pilots kawm raws li Levanevsky, Vodop'yanov, Grizodubov thiab lwm tus neeg.

fighters Tests kuj ua txawv teb chaws. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Spain nyob rau hauv 1937. Ces tus aircraft Polikarpov tau raug kuaj, lub hom I-15 thiab I-16. Txawm li cas los, soj ntsuam tau disappointing. Machinery ho poob nws German competitors.

Stalin tsis stint on cov puav pheej thiab cov kev pab uas tau faib rau lub Lavxias teb sab aircraft designers. Fighters tau txais radioosnastku, raws li zoo raws li los ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab science tov designs, uas ho khees me ntsis cov kev ua tau zoo cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib ntaus los tsheb.

Aircraft ua ntej tsov rog

Kom meej meej qhia tau hais tias lub pre-tsov rog lub xeev ntawm chaw ua dav hlua kev tsov kev rog kev lag luam kev ua tau zoo kws muaj txuj ci Commissar Voroshilov rau lub Central Committee plenum nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 1939. Nws tsab ntawv ceeb toom piav txog tus tseem ceeb nce ntawm Aviation ntawm lub Soviet Union. Nyob rau hauv kev, lub Cua Dag Zog Yuam, raws li muab piv rau lub 1934 xyoo, txhua xyoo nce ntawm 138 feem pua. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm aircraft tau nce los ntawm 1.3 lub sij hawm.

Piv. Bombers thiab neeg tua hluav taws

Kev qhia ntau txog yog muab tso rau hnyav bombers. Nws twb ntseeg tau hais tias nws yog lub muaj zog tshaj card nyob rau hauv sib ntaus tawm tsam Western pab tub rog. Yog li ntawd, hnyav bombers nyob ib tug tseem ceeb feem pua ntawm cov fleet. Park fighters kuj tau nce los ntawm 2.5 lub sij hawm.

Thaum cov nuj nqis ntawm Lavxias teb sab aircraft designers tau muab tso rau hauv ib qho tseem zoo li tshiab. Muaj kuj tau tsim thiab muab tso rau hauv lub lag luam cov motors M-25 hwj chim 715 horsepower cua txias peev xwm ntawm 100 M-750 horsepower, siv ib tug aqueous txias system. Maximum altitude flights kuj nce thiab amounted 14-15 txhiab meters. Aircraft tau ua ntau streamlined zoo, tsis kuj rau saum huab cua apparatuses. Qhuav txoj kev loj hlob tau spurred cov kev taw qhia ntawm streaming thiab stamping molding.

By 1941, tsim los ntawm lub Soviet Union fighter aircraft raug xam tias yog lub feem ntau muaj kev vam meej Mig, Yak thiab LAGG. Txog cov teeb meem twb paub li IL-2, uas yog tas li tshiab. Raws li lub tswv yim ntawm "Clean Ntuj", yog teem rau tso tawm nyob ib ncig ntawm 100,000 aircraft SU-2, uas ib tug unprecedented hu nyob rau hauv cov huab cua rog twb tuav.

Cov phaum ntawm kev tsov kev rog

Cov pib 8:00 Lub teb chaws Yelemees rov cov Soviet Union 1200 Soviet aircraft twb puas lawm, nrog rau ob peb airfields nrog tag nrho cov khw muag khoom noj. Nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo lub Luftwaffe yeej Soviet. Dav hlau I-15, I-16 yeej tseem zoo loses tseeb fascist "Messerschmidt" thiab "Junker". Tej zaum txawm nyob rau cov laus aircraft tau mus cuag victories nyob rau hauv aviaduelyah. Rau ib lub hlis Lavxias teb sab cov dav hlau puas lawm 1,300 German cua units.
Rau lub hlis tom qab, hostilities aircraft ntau lawm poob los ntawm yuav luag plaub zaug. Nws twb kev cob cog rua nrog lub fact tias cov Germans mus Moscow, thiab yuam cov kev khiav tawm ntawm tseem ceeb ntau lawm chaw, uas tsim qhov chaw rau cov chaw ua dav hlua kev lag luam. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1941 lub hom phiaj rau zus tau tej cov tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov tub rog aircraft yog ua los ntawm tsuas 40 feem pua.

Nrog lub community launch txog lub evacuated qhauj teeb meem no tau zoo ho, thiab los ntawm 1944 tshav dav hlau tau txais txog 100 tauj tsheb txhua hnub. Modernization tau txais kiag li tag nrho cov qauv. Los ntawm zoo yog muab ib tug Jak-3, LA-5, IL-10, PE-2, Jak-9.

Kev loj hlob cov nqi yuav tracked los ntawm xyoo mus rau xyoo:

- 1942 - 25 400 lub tsheb.

- 1943 - 34 900 lub tsheb.

- 1944 - 40 300 lub tsheb.

Los ntawm 1944 lub Soviet Union yog superior rau Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm aircraft los ntawm 2.7 lub sij hawm. Ib tug zoo tshaj yog cov kev ceev ntawm lub rooj sib txoos. Tus tsim ntawm peb fighters yog ntau npaum li cas cov tswv yim qub tshaj hais tias ntawm lub German thiab American manufacturers. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tsis yeej ib txwm zoo ntawm cov aviaproduktsii yog nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm tus Soviet aircraft lag luam.

Lavxias teb sab aircraft ntawm WWII. SS2

Lub tshuab yog tsim nyob rau hauv 1937 nyob rau hauv lub Tupolev tsim chaw khaws taws los Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi. Xub thawj, lub aircraft twb hu ua "nyob ze-1 Bomber" thiab twb muab nrog ib tug M-88 lub cev muaj zog 1100 horsepower. Su-2 ua rau peb cov nroj tsuag. Lub davhlau ceev ntawm lub Su-2 - ntau tshaj 490 km / h thiab lub altitude yog 6000 meters. Nyob rau board twb npaum li cas 6 lub tshuab phom. Foob pob load SS2 varied.

SU-2 - ib tug ntawm cov thawj bomber nkag mus hauv tsov rog. Nws ua ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev pab raws qib. Nws twb tom qab kho rau SU-4.

Yak-9

Ntawm fighters koom nyob rau hauv ob ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog, nws yog muab cov qauv no. Txawm yog hais tias peb los sib piv cov yees duab Lavxias teb sab aircraft Yak-9 nws muaj nws tus kheej sab nrauv styling. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv 1942. Lub hauv paus yog tus Yak-7b. By hloov cov ntoo qhov chaw rau txhuas tau significantly txo hnyav fighter. Cov riam phom on board muaj ib tug hnyav tshuab rab phom thiab ib tug cannon. Lub dav hlau muaj zoo heev tuav zoo, thawb zoo thiab yog ib qho yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm. Nws kuj yeej lub yav dhau los cov qauv ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws ceev thiab ntau yam. Cov ntsuas yog ib cov ntaub ntawv rau tag nrho cov ntawm 1944, lub chav kawm ntawv ntawm aircraft. Tag nrho cov zog pub dlej sib ntaus nrog cov uas ua tub rog aircraft ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.
Aircraft ntau lawm yog nqa tawm ob peb xyoos tom qab qhov kawg ntawm hostilities. Thiab tag nrho cov raug tso tawm hais txog 16.800 tub rog tsheb nyob rau hauv ob peb lub versions.