Kev tshawb pom qhov tseeb: 14 cov lus teb rau cov lus nug nyuaj tshaj plaws txog kev caw

Kev xaiv caw yuav nyuaj heev, nrog qhov dej haus no yog txuam nrog kev tshawb fawb. Cov noob caj noob ces, Science News for KIDS, microbiology thiab kev xav txog kev ua dej num ua rau lub luag hauj lwm hauv kev tsim cov dej caw, nws txoj kev xaiv thiab cov cai rau nws siv. Yuav kom nkag siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov dej haus no, koj yuav tsum paub cov lus teb rau cov lus nug ntau tshaj plaws.

Puas muaj pheej yig wine ua rau lub cev?

Tsis yog kiag li. Tsis tu ncua muaj cov kev xaiv uas hais tau qhov tsis sib xws, piv txwv li, qee cov neeg ntseeg hais tias qhov cawv no muaj arsenic. Qhov tseeb, muaj qee qhov arsenic hauv qos yaj ywm tau pom thaum muab piv nrog dej haus. Yog xav paub tsawg kawg ntawm cov txiaj ntsim zoo ntawm cov nyiaj no rau lub cev, koj yuav tsum tau haus dej haus tsawg kawg yog 2 liters ntawm ib zaug. Qhov no yog tsis zoo li, yog li tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ntshai ntawm caw ntawm ib tug nqi pheej yig.

Qhov txawv ntawm qhov pheej yig thiab kim kim tshaj plaws yog dab tsi?

Yog hais tias koj xav tau luv luv teb, ces: qhov txawv yog tsawg, yog hais tias koj cia li haus dej caw. Tus nqi yog txiav txim los ntawm ib qho muaj nqis ntawm ntau yam: qhov tsim kom muaj, hom cawv txiv hmab, nyiaj ua kev kub ntev thiab ntau lwm tus. Yog hais tias koj tsuas xav haus ib cov kua qab, muaj txiaj ntsim pheej yig heev yuav ua rau cua xws li ib lub raj mis uas kim heev. Muaj ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov neeg uas tau haus dej qab haus cawv tau txais tib lub txiaj ntsim qub los ntawm cov dej haus ntawm txawv qhov tseem ceeb. Yog tias koj yog ib tug neeg ua ke, tom qab ntawd, koj xav paub txog ntau yam dej haus. Nws yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov qhov no thaum muas thiab tsom ntsoov rau koj nyiam, tsis yog tus nqi tag.

Dab tsi yog tannins thiab yog vim li cas lawv ua txhaum?

Koj puas paub qhov zoo li ntawm lub qhov ncauj qhuav uas tshwm tom qab lub pas dej cawv liab? Nws tshwm sim los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm cov tannins, ib txwm tshwm sim cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov dej caw los yog cov tshuaj yej dub. Cov tannins muab cov cawv txiv hmab rau nws cov duab, ua rau nws ntim dua dej, lawv nyob hauv tag nrho cov liab cawv. Tannins khi cov proteins uas muaj hauv cov qaub ncaug, uas ua rau cov kabmob qhov ncauj qhuav. Nws tsis yog ib qho yooj yim mechanism, zoo li ib tug me ntsis saj. Kev sib txuas ntawm kev liab liab nrog lub qhov ncauj yog ntau dua qhov teeb meem ntawm kev ntxhib los mos tshaj ib txwm ntawm saj. Cov kws kho mob feem ntau soj ntsuam cov cawv txiv hmab los ntawm qhov nyiaj ntawm cov tannin hauv nws.

Yog nws txaj muag nyiam pheej yig caw?

Nws yog qhov kev to taub heev yog tias koj nyiam yuav pheej yig caw, thiab tsis muaj ib qho txaj muag kiag li. Yog tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo nkauj rau koj thiab tus nqi tsawg, nws yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo. Qhov no yog tib yam li kev hlub ntawm pheej yig chips - ib co kev hlub tsuas yog kim. Yog tias koj tsis tu, koj tuaj yeem txuag tau zoo dua. Ntawm chav kawm, raising tus nqi yuav psychologically cuam tshuam rau lub siab ntawm wine, txawm li cas los, yog hais tias koj zoo siab nrog ib tug pheej yig haus, haus nws. Muaj kiag li tsis txhaum rau qhov no.

Yuav ua li cas to taub lub floral ntawm lub ci tsw los yog fruity? Qhov no txhais li cas?

Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj peev xwm muaj ntau hom ntawv sau txog kev tsw. Lawv tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua yog tias koj to taub lawv. Yog tias koj tsis tu, nws tsis hloov dab tsi. Yog tias koj xav kawm kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo, koj tuaj yeem nqa marmalade nrog ntau hom tastes thiab npaj txhua tus saj cais, thiab ces sim tsis saib seb nws nyob qhov twg. Tom qab ntawd, noj ob peb npaug ntawm ib lub sijhawm thiab sim twv seb ua ke. Yog li ntawd, wine tasting - koj yuav tsum tau kawm kom paub qhov txawv txawv flavors thiab tastes. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem pom tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm cov txiv pos nphuab - qhov no tsis txhais hais tias koj yuav hnov zoo li thaum noj mov. Yog tias koj xyaum ua ntu zus, nws yuav yooj yim rau koj los txiav txim siab qhov tsw.

Vim li cas tseem ceeb ua lwj ua li no thiaj li tsis hnov tsw?

Ib nrab ntawm kev lom zem ntawm kev haus dej nws muab nws tsis hnov tsw. Nyob rau hauv ib lub khob ntawm caw, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, paj, lub ntiaj teb cov ntawv tau muab tso ua ke. Txhua yam nws yog nyob ntawm seb ntev npaum li cas cov dej caw. Lub khob muaj ntau txhiab tus yam ntxwv uas tuaj rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws yog cov kev cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam rau aroma hauv iav. Thaum cov pa sib koom nrog lub qhov dej ntawm qhov dej, nws pib oxidize. Yog hais tias koj qhib lub cawu cub dhau lawm, nws yuav deteriorate. Lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib zoo nkauj ua tau zoo nyob hauv ob peb teev. Nws yog tsim nyog xav txog qhov no thaum qhib lub raj mis - muaj ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau qaug dej qaug cawv tam sim ntawd tsis tau tawm hauv huab cua mus ntev.

Cov paj no puas muaj cawv txiv hmab?

Tag nrho cov chem tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv cov dej no yog txuam nrog poov xab, lub ntsis microscopic lub luag hauj lwm rau kev ua cov qab zib hauv dej cawv. Poov xab yog ntxiv rau lub caw thaum lub sij hawm fermentation. Thaum lawv haus tag nrho cov piam thaj, lawv piam sij. Interestingly, daim tawv nqaij ntawm grape twb muaj poov tsim nyog rau fermentation, tab sis kuj feem ntau ib co ntau yam ntxiv rau tswj tus txheej txheem.

Yuav ua li cas yog sulfites thiab qhov twg yog lawv los ntawm qhov caw?

Cov ntses muaj nyob hauv ntau hom cawv. Lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv oxidation txheej txheem thiab pab tiv thaiv tus saj ntawm cawu cub. Yeasts tsim ib feem ntawm cov sulfites. Qee cov neeg muaj kev xav txog yam khoom ntawd, thaum twg yuav tsum zam cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lwm yam, tsis muaj ib qho laj thawj ntshai.

Dab tsi ua rau decanting?

Decanting yog ib txoj kev uas ua rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau heev tshaj dua. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau cov laus wines, uas ua rau txoj kev ua noj ua ke yuav tsim muaj cov khoom zoo. Ncuav lub cawv txiv hmab rau hauv lub decanter thiaj li hais tias cov khoom no yog hauv qab. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog hais tias lub caw muaj ib tug heev tsw tsw, decanting yuav soften nws.

Yog vim li cas lub cawu cub yog them nrog ib tug cork

Lub cork, tsim los ntawm bark ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb tsob ntoo, yog ib tug rov tau dua kev pab, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm hloov mus rau cov duab ntawm lub caj dab ntawm lub raj mis, uas yog qho tseem ceeb heev rau khaws cia wine. Muaj ib qho teeb meem: ib qho cork phem tuaj yeem nkag tau rau hauv caw. Qhov no yuav tsis ua mob rau koj lub cev, tab sis yuav ua rau lub saj ntawm wine tsis qab ntxiag heev, zoo li ib tug dai daim txiag. Ib txhia tuaj yeem haus dej haus tau haus, thaum lwm tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem sawv ntsug ntawm lawv, lawv kuj zoo nkaus li cov dej cawv.

Puas muaj lub hau nrog ib txoj xov hais tias qhov caw yog pheej yig?

Qhov qhaj ntawv ntawm ib tug cork tseem tsis txhais hais tias txhua yam. Piv txwv, hauv New Zealand, cov neeg ua lag luam nce siab siv cov hau ntswj, muab cov tshuaj ntsaws. Hauv qhov no, koj tsis tas yuav ntshai ib qho cork phem, dhau li ntawd, koj tsis tas yuav siv zog los qhib lub raj mis. Xws li lub hau tsis tshua zoo tiv thaiv lub caw ntawm cua kom tsawg, yog li nws tsis yog zuj zus.

Cov noob caj noob ces puas ua lub luag haujlwm nyob rau hauv dab tsi zoo li ib tug neeg haus dej caw?

Noob caj pas txiav txim siab seb koj puas nyiam qab zib, iab los yog qab ntsev, lawv cuam tshuam koj nyiam hauv qhov dej caw. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj muaj qhov muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis zoo, koj yuav tsis haus dej caw lwm tus neeg. Tag nrho xws li nuances nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej txoj kev cuam tshuam dab tsi zoo ntawm koj xaiv.

Vim li cas kuv taub hau muaj mob tom qab ib khob?

Feem ntau, qhov teeb meem muaj feem xyuam rau koj haus li cas, tsis yog yam koj haus. Thaum lub cev siv cawv, ib qho kev ua rau muaj kev mob tshwm sim. O yuav ua rau mob taub hau. Qhov ntau nyob rau hauv lub txhaum ntawm tshuaj, qhov ntau dua thaj chaw rau tsis xis nyob. Yog tias koj noj mov, thaum koj haus dej haus cawv, koj tuaj yeem ua kom tsis muaj mob taub hau.

Puas yog haus cawv txiv hmab?

Nws tsis tas yuav hais tias qee qhov wines yuav tsum muab categorically pov tseg. Txhua yam nyob ntawm lub tastes thiab nyiam ntawm ib tug neeg. Feem ntau, tsis muaj ib qho dej cawv uas yuav ua rau koj raug mob los yog txaj muag ntawm koj lub cev ntau dua lwm hom cawv. Cia li siv pheej yig cov dej rau cov dej qab zib xws li sangria, uas yuav tsum tov nrog saj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog dej qab zib dej.