Keeb kwm thiab kev nom kev tswv portrait ntawm Alexander 1: kev piav qhia thiab nthuav tseeb

Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb yuav kos nom tswv thiab keeb kwm portrait ntawm Alexander 1, luv luv, ntawm chav kawm. Cov kev ua ub ntawm Lavxias teb sab huab tais nplua nuj ntau yam ntawm cov lus tseeb, rau tag nrho cov kev pab them nqi uas yuav tsum tau ntau tshaj ib tug teb cov nplooj ntawv.

thaum ntxov tswv yim

Alexander Pavlovich yug rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 12, 1777. Kev Kawm Ntawv ntawm lub txais mus rau lub rooj huas tias, twb koom nyob rau hauv nws pog Catherine II. Nws xav hais tias nws yuav loj hlob lub zoo meej huab tais ntawm Russia. tus tub hluas yog ib tug kws qhia ntawv nyob La Harpe Swiss npe. Lub Empress hlub thiab zibntab tus tub xeeb ntxwv. Nws tau sib yuav nws thaum ntxov, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16. Thiab nws tus poj niam, lub Countess ntawm Baden, tsuas yog 14. Txawm tias nws cov tub ntxhais uas muaj hnub nyoog, lawv nyob ua ke, txawm hais tias ob tug me nyuam, uas tau muab yug rau Elizabeth (Louise ua ntej kev cai raus dej), tuag nyob rau hauv kiag.

kho ntawm uas tsis

Cov nom tswv portrait ntawm Alexander 1 yuav teb tsis hais tias nws cia siab los ua ib tug siab zoo haiv neeg nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais hluas. Nws yog nyob ze rau muab lub tswv yim ntawm autocracy. Thaum cov Fabkis kiv puag ncig, nws tsis pom dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Nws txiv tau tua nyob rau hauv ib tug palace coup nyob rau hauv 1801. Alexander tsuas yog 24 xyoo, tab sis nws twb pom kom meej meej rau yuam kev yuav tsum tau zam rau kev txiav txim tsis raug kev txom nyem tib yam tu siab txoj hmoo.

pib ua si

Yog li ntawd, nws nce mus rau lub zwm txwv, nws thawj xa rov qab cov cai ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg, uas abolished lub Paul I. Namely tso cai rau txawv teb chaws, raug repressed, nws tsa tus txiav npluav rau txawv teb chaws cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab. Portrait ntawm huab tais Alexander 1 pab cov ntaub ntawv hais tias nws muaj kev txhawj xeeb tsis tsuas hais txog cov nom tswv cajceg, tab sis kuj zoo tib yam neeg, peasants. Nyob rau hauv 1803 nws muab ib tug cai raws li uas tus neeg ua teb yuav ua ib tug dawb tug txiv neej, yog tias koj them tus nqe txhiv rau nws tus tswv. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, yog hais tias tus tswv av raug txwv mus rau nws, lub deal yuav tsis muab qhov chaw, tab sis lub sij hawm kom tau ib co kev ywj pheej los ntawm serfdom nyob. Qhov no txoj kev cai raug hu ua "Decree ntawm free cultivators." Thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Alexander kuv tau tsim thiab lwm yam schemes uas ib tug neeg ua teb yuav ua ib tug dawb tug txiv neej, tab sis lawv twb tsis siv. Txawm li cas los, thaum lub sij hawm neeg, uas tau muab lawv txoj kev ywj pheej, yuav muaj lawv tej khoom.

Tsis autocracy

Thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Alexander kuv, tus kho kom zoo ntawm pej xeem koom haum saib xyuas tau ua. Tom qab huab tais tus txiav txim yuav tsum raug muab tso tseg qhia tshwj xeeb uas tsim lub cev, hu ua indispensable tswv yim. Qhov no lub cev yog zakonosoveschatelnogo. Nws muaj cov tub ntxhais hluas cov neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub huab tais ntawm nws cov hluas. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv cov tswv yim yeej tsis tau muab los siv. Thaum Alexander kuv tau nce lub zwm txwv, nws tau pib xav txog yuav ua li cas kom lawv lub hwj chim. Thiab nws hais tias tus kho npaj indispensable tswv yim, yuav ua tau rau lub fact tias nws yuav poob nws siab ntawm lub sab sauv chav kawm ntawv, cov mej zeej ntawm uas lawv twb tsis mus rau lawv los. Lub ntsiab tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Council yog Mikhail Speransky. Tab sis lub ceev faj tim huab tais twb yuam kom tshem tawm nws los ntawm nws ncej thiab xa mus rau hauv exile. Raws li tau hais tias yuav qhia hais tias nws tsis pom zoo nrog nws lub tswv yim, xws li sib npaug zos txoj cai ntawm nobles, peasants, petty bourgeoisie, neeg ua hauj lwm thiab cov tub qhe, cov pom ntawm lub PatientsÕ thiab executive tub ceev xwm.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tus yeeb ncuab ntawm lub zoo

Txawm li cas los, ib co hnyav tswv yim yuav siv. Piv txwv li, tus thawj tswj txoj cai los ua txee. Nws twb tsim tom qab tag nrho cov board tau hloov los ntawm ministries. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm monopoly tawg nom tswv cajceg los nyias muaj nyias teb chaws. Tam sim no lub teb chaws yuav tau cov tswv cuab ntawm tub txawj tub ntse thiab tradesmen. Nyob rau lawv qhov chaw, lawv twb koom nyob rau hauv nyiaj txiag ua ub no, siv ntiav ua hauj lwm rau. Tom qab Speranskii tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm tus txiv neej yog Arakcheev. Nrog nws, Alexander kuv tau pib muab tso rau hauv kev xyaum lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim kom muaj tub rog koom. Nws ua npau suav, los cawm lub xeev los ntawm muaj kom muaj ib pab tub rog. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov koom yuav tau nyob cov neeg uas koom nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb thiab lawv tus kheej noj thiab ris tsho hnav. Txawm li cas los, cov no tsis heev ib tug zoo. Cov neeg protested tiv thaiv ua tub rog thiab cov neeg ua teb nyob rau tib lub sij hawm. Rebellion Arakcheyev nrees suppressed. Tsis muaj teeb meem li cas tus neeg tsis kam ua nrhav, tab sis mus rau 1857, thaum lub koom tau abolished, muaj 800,000 cov tub rog nyob rau hauv lawv.

Peb yuav tsum kawm

Lub keeb kwm portrait ntawm Alexander 1, koj yuav tsum ntxiv ib me ntsis ntawm qaim xim. Peb tham txog kev kawm ntawv kom zoo. Yog nws tus kheej ib tug heev kawm ntawv tus txiv neej, tus huab tais pom tau hais tias qhov ntau kawm ntawv cov neeg nyob rau hauv Russia, qhov zoo rau lub teb chaws. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm nws reign, nws qhib ib tug ntau ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab kawm ntawv qib siab. Thiab 5 universities tau qhib. Russia twb muab faib ua tsev kawm ntawv, txhua tus uas tau nws tus kheej lub tsev kawm ntawv.

peb yeej

Cov nom tswv portrait ntawm Alexander 1 yuav tsis tiav yog hais tias tsis tau hais tias nws yog thaum lub sij hawm nws reign, nyob rau hauv 1812, tsov rog tsoo tawm nrog Fabkis. Nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov huab tais, peb lub teb chaws yog muaj peev xwm yeej Napoleon, tiv thaiv nws cov ciam teb rau lwm. Tab sis tus yeeb ncuab muaj zog thiab muaj peev xwm yuav tsum yeej xwb tag nrho cov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Ob peb cov neeg paub hais tias Napoleon thov ob txhais tes-muam ntawm Alexander kuv - Anna Pavlovna, tab sis nws tsis kam. Lwm nthuav qhov tseeb yog tias Russia thiab Fabkis twb chiv cov phoojywg. Tab sis lawv yuav tsis pom zoo rau leej twg yuav muaj ib co av.

Xaus ntawm lub neej

Tu siab heev xim nyob rau hauv lub portrait ntawm Alexander 1 ntxiv zaj dab neeg txog nws txoj kev tuag. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv Taganrog. Raws li ib tug version, los ntawm typhoid fever, nyob rau lwm yam - los ntawm lub paj hlwb o. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1825. Nws tsuas yog 48 xyoo. Qhov no kev puas tsuaj yog li ntawd absurd hais tias cov neeg tuaj nrog nws tus kheej version. Raws li nws, huab tais tuag, thiab mus rau cov neeg thiab nyob raws li ib tug loj leeb kom txog rau thaum laus laus. Hais txog cov laus lub sij hawm yuav nco npib nrog ib tug portrait ntawm Alexander 1, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej nws tau txwv tsis pub mint lawv profile. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19 tsis tau tso ib tug ob peb xws npib. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj 30 pieces minted. Niaj hnub no, ib tug zoo li npib, uas depicts ib tug portrait ntawm Alexander 1, nqi txog 2 lab rubles.

successor

Rau cov uas muaj dhau hwj chim tom qab kev tuag ntawm Alexander kuv? Nws xav hais tias tom qab nws tuag huab tais yog nws kwv nws tij Constantine, tab sis nws abdicated. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1923, Alexander sau tau ib daim card manifesto rau lub sij hawm ntawm lub thib ob huab tais ntawm nws tus tij laug - Nicholas. Tab sis vim li no, tsis muaj ib tug paub, tus neeg zov thiab Nicholas swore siab rau Constantine, uas txhais hais tias lub sij hawm ntawm lub xeem huab tais. Txawm li cas los, ntawm daim card haiv neeg ntawm lub Decembrists npaj uprising, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav sim mus rhuav Nicholas liam illegally nyob rau hauv lub rooj huas tias. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lawv xav mus tshem serfdom thiab tua tus huab tais, ib zaug thiab rau tag nrho cov muab tso rau ib tug xaus rau autocracy. Txawm li cas los, lawv tsis tau zoo. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub reign ntawm Nicholas I. Tab sis hais tias yog ib zaj dabneeg ...