Thoracic duct: lub cev. Lub lymphatic system. lymphatic hlab ntsha

Nyob rau hauv tib neeg, muaj peb hom ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Txhua yam ntawm lawv ua ib tug tseem ceeb heev muaj nuj nqi. Cov no muaj xws cov hlab ntsha, cov leeg thiab lymphatic hlab ntsha. Tag nrho cov formations muaj nyob thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Venous thiab lymphatic hlab ntsha sau ua kua los ntawm txhua anatomic tsim. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm blockages muaj teeb meem loj ua txhaum. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lom kua outflow yog lossi nqa tawm.

Ciav thoracic qog - dab tsi yog lub cev?

Raws li yog lub npe hu, tus tsim ntawm cov qog txheeb kabmob ntawm lub cev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, vim hais tias ntawm nws cov hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm mus tua tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob nrog. Ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws hauv lub nruab nrog lub system yog pom tias yuav Ciav thoracic. Nws ntev yog hom twg los ntawm 30 mus rau 40 cm Qhov hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev -. Yog tus sau los ntawm cov qog los ntawm tag nrho cov anatomical lug.

Raws li cov histological qauv ntawm cov thoracic ciav tsa lub venous cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws puab nto lined nrog endothelium (raws li lwm cov hlab ntsha). Raws li ib feem ntawm cov ntaub kuj muaj elastic thiab collagen fibers. Nyob rau hauv lub puab plhaub yog txaus li qub. Nrog lawv pab, cov qog tsiv upward. Qhov nruab nrab txheej muaj cov thoracic ciav tus tej nqaij. Yog li, lub suab nrov yog khaws cia thiab nqa tawm yuav txo tau lub cev. Sab nraum ciav muaj connective cov ntaub so ntswg fibers. Nyob rau theem ntawm lub aperture lub cev phab ntsa thickens.

Tus qauv ntawm lub lymphatic system

Lub lymphatic system plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub cev. Nws yog tsim nyog rau kev pab tiv thaiv los ntawm tej tshuaj. Thoracic duct, raws li zoo raws li cov hlab ntsha thiab ntshav yog cov kabmob ntawm lub cev. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm o, cov formations pib mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub muaj zog atherosclerosis. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov lymphatic cov kabmob uas yuav zoo txog rau cov hlab plawv system. Ua tsaug rau lawv cov as-ham nkag mus hauv cov hlab ntsha. Lub system yog muaj tuaj raws li nram no:

1. Lymphatic cov hlab ntsha. Los ntawm lub tsev cov lug zoo ib yam li cov leeg, tab sis lawv cov phab ntsa yog thinner. Cov hlab ntsha yog muaj nyob rau hauv txhua hloov thiab tsim ib tug network. Lawv nkag mus rau interstitial kua, raws li zoo raws li tag nrho cov tsim nyog cov nqaijrog thiab nqaijrog.
2. Lymph node. Lawv nyob ze rau txhua hloov ntawm cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha. Cov kev ntxuav cov qog ntshav hauv no tshwm sim - filtering. Teeb meem thiab tej yam tshuaj lom yog mob. O xa mus rau lub nruab nrog cev ntawm lub cev, raws li lawv yog ua los ntawm lymphocytes. Cov hlwb yuav tsum tau mus sib ntaus sib tua kab nrog.
3. Lymphatic hlab ntsha. Lawv txuas hlab ntsha thiab interconnected ntshav. Ntxiv cov hlab ntsha raws kev coj kom loj cov chaw - ducts. Muaj yog sau ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov qog sau los ntawm tag nrho cov koom haum. Ces ua nws ua, tom qab uas nws ntog mus rau hauv lub venous system. Thoracic ciav sau cov kua los ntawm lub sab laug sab sauv ib nrab lub cev thiab lub hauv nruab nrog cev.
4. Po. Co ib depot muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov ntshav.
5. Txoj cai lymphatic ciav. Nyob rau hauv nws yuav ua kua los ntawm qhov seem uas yog anatomical lug. Cov lawv - txoj cai qaum povtseg, ib nrab ntawm lub taub hau thiab lub caj dab.
6. Lub thymus caj pas - thymus. Qhov no hloov khoom nruab nrog yog zoo tsim nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam. Nyob rau hauv nws muaj yog ib tug tsim ntawm lub cev hlwb - T-lymphocytes.
7. Tonsils.
8. Lymph - lub kua uas yeej los ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab trunks, ntws mus rau hauv lub ducts.

Tag nrho cov formations yog interconnected. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm ib qho ntawm lub qhov chaw hauv lub lymphatic system kev ntshawv siab cuam tshuam rau thiab nws lwm tivthaiv qhov chaw. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, kev ua txhaum tshwm sim thoob plaws hauv lub cev.

Hoob no ntawm thoracic duct: lub cev

Nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub thoracic ciav muab kev koom tes sab laug thiab txoj cai lumbar qog lub cev. Uas yog, lub cev yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub retroperitoneal qhov chaw. Qhov twg thoracic ciav pib thiab qhov chaw uas nws ntog? Lub sab laug thiab txoj cai yeej yog merged nrog txhua lwm yam nyob rau theem ntawm cov xeem (12) thiab 2 lub mis lumbar vertebra. Ib txhia neeg nyob rau hauv lub thoracic ciav empties lub thawv tseem 1-3. Qhov no hnyuv trunks, efferent cov qog ntshav hauv ntawm lub mesentery.

Nyob rau theem ntawm lub diaphragm txaus yog muab faib ua 2 qhov chaw - lub plab thiab thoracic. Tus thawj network yog tsim mesenteric, celiac thiab lumbar lymph node. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, lub ventral feem ntawm lub ciav muaj ib tug lub khob hliav qab-zoo li tus (ampullate) extension - tank. Qhov no anatomical lug cob cog rua rau ntawm sab xis txhais ceg ntawm lub diaphragm. Vim qhov no los ntawm kev ua pa lub qog yog thawb mus.

Lub thoracic feem ntawm lub duct pib thaum lub aortic orifice nyob rau hauv lub diaphragm. Mus txog hauv 3-5 vertebra txog ntsha lo mus rau sab laug sab. Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm txaus nyob rau hauv nws lub caij nplooj zeeg bronhomediastinalny, jugular thiab subclavian qog yeej. Lawv sau kua los ntawm lub sab laug tes yog ib feem ntawm lub hauv siab, caj dab thiab taub hau. Nyob rau theem ntawm vertebra txog ntsha 7 ntaub ntawv ib tug arc. Ces thoracic ciav empties rau hauv rau sab laug venous kaum sab xis. Ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub thawv muaj ib tug valve. Nws yog tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kom txhob lub casting ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm cov venous system.

Qhov chaw lymphatic thoracic duct

Topography ntawm thoracic ciav - yog qhov chaw ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lwm cov anatomical lug. Abdominal ib feem ntawm no loj txog ntsha yog qab cov hlab pas thiab nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov leeg nrob kem. Tob tob rau hauv lub siab muaj kab noj hniav, ciav nkag mus rau hauv posterior mediastinum. Muaj nws yog nruab nrab ntawm lub aorta thiab cov azygos cov hlab ntsha. Thaum 2-3 thoracic pob txha caj qaum khiav mus tawm ntawm cov hlab pas thiab nce saum toj no.

Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws muaj yog: sab laug subclavian Vienna, ntau carotid leeg thiab lub vagus paj. Yog li, lub cev yog nyob rau hauv lub qaum mediastinum. Mus rau sab laug ntawm lub flow yog tus pleura, nyob rau hauv lub rov qab - cov nqaj qaum, thiab nyob rau hauv txoj cai - cov hlab pas. Arc thoracic ciav yog tsim nyob rau vascular theem - lub jugular hlab ntsha thiab cov carotid leeg. Nws mus nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pleural dome, thiab ces mus rau hauv lub qhov ncauj. Muaj lub cev ntog mus rau hauv rau sab laug venous kaum sab xis.

Lub zog ntawm thoracic duct

Thoracic duct ua lub nram qab no functions:

1. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev - yog sau interstitial kua los ntawm lub sab hauv nruab nrog cev thiab sab laug ib nrab ntawm lub cev.
2. Hloov ntawm qhov tseem ceeb cov nqaijrog nyob rau hauv lub venous system.
3. Nyob rau hauv lub plab hnyuv lymphatics kuj txeem thiab nqaijrog. Ces lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha.
4. Filtering qog. Cov ntshav thiab raws cov kua ntxuav ntawm teeb meem tshuaj.
5. Cov tsim ntawm B-lymphocytes, ua ib tug tiv nuj nqi ntawm lub cev.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thoracic ciav tsis tau ua nws tus kheej. Nws zog yog nqa tawm ntawm lub zoo-hauj lwm ua ke ua hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho cov qhov chaw hauv lub cev.

Qhov chaw ntawm lymphatic hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv lub cev

Raws li qhov tseeb yuav ua li cas los txua lub cev ntawm thoracic ciav, nws yog ua tau rau to taub qhov twg cov hlab ntsha nyob. Lawv nyob thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Lymph vascular plexus ncaim ntawm tag nrho cov anatomical lug. Tom ntej no, lawv mus raws cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha. Ze txhua hloov khoom nruab nrog muaj pab pawg ntawm cov qog ntshav. Lawv lom kua enriched nrog tiv thaiv kab mob hlwb. Ntawm tsim efferent hlab ntsha uas ntws lub qog yeej. Nyob rau hauv lem, cov lug hauj lwm ua ke rau hauv txoj cai thiab cov thoracic ciav. Ntxiv muaj yog ib tug compound ntawm lymphatic thiab cov hlab ntsha.

Lub yeej ntawm lub thoracic duct: Cov tsos mob

Nyob nyob rau theem ntawm cov qog txaus yuav tsum tau cai ntau yam kev soj ntsuam ces. Qhov no lub cev yog ib qho tseem ceeb anatomical lug, yog li qhov kev raug mob uas cov hlab yuav tsum tau ceev phais kho mob. Nyob rau hauv ib tug lesion yog tseem xav duct txhaws los yog o ntawm nws phab ntsa. Cov nram qab no cov tsos mob tej zaum yuav tshwm sim:

1. Nqaij mob thiab tsis muaj zog.
2. Neuralgia.
3. Kev mob ntawm hauj lwm ntawm cov hnyuv, mob plab, thiab txoj hlab nqos mov.
4. Poob phaus los yog, nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv ceeb thawj.
5. Inflammatory kab mob ntawm Upper pa ib ntsuj av tau thiab lub hlwb week.
6. Metabolic teeb meem.
7. Cutaneous Pathology.
8. Cov plaub hau poob rau cov cov sab.
9. Arrhythmia.

Kab mob ntawm cov qog cov hlab ntsha thiab ntshav: mob

Nyob rau hauv inflammatory kab mob, lymphatic hlab ntsha thiab ntshav lawv nce nyob rau hauv loj. Nws yuav tsum tau cai hyperemia thiab lub zos kub nce. O ua denser palpation cim tsis xis nyob. Yog hais tias koj xav tias ib tug ua cancer dab nyob rau hauv lub qog kabmob me thiab histological tsom xam. Tsis tas li ntawd rau diagnostic cov txheej txheem muaj xws li ultrasound, computerized tomography.

Uas tus kws kho mob hais rau xav tias thoracic ciav kab mob?

Nrog heev inflammatory kab mob ntawm lub ntsws huam, daim tawv nqaij, nqaij thiab intercostal paj yuav tsum tau nrog ib tug kws kho mob. Tshawb nrhiav qhov pathology ntawm lub thoracic ciav, koj yuav siv tau tshwj xeeb kev tshawb fawb lymphography. Yog hais tias koj xav tias mob los yog oncologic txheej txheem yuav tsum hu rau koj tus GP, uas yuav xa mus profile tus kws kho mob (Immunology, Oncology, physical therapist).