Axonometric projection kev kos qauv

Thaum cov kev kos duab, ua ke nrog rau cov tracing ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom nyob rau hauv orthogonal projections yuav tsum tau muaj ib tug quas duab. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov qauv ntawm cov constructing lub axonometric.

Nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov nram no: cov kev kawm ua ke nrog cov tswj system (nrog perpendicular axes X, Y, Z), nrog rau cov uas nws yog txuam nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw yog npaj rau ib tug dav hlau thaum uas tig mus rau lub axonometric projection (los yog duab dav hlau). tus kwv projection rau hauv no dav hlau hu ua axonometry. Nws kuj qhia txog cov tswj axes, hu ua axonometric axes. Nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias cov kev coj ntawm cov projection yuav tsum tau xaiv nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev tias yog tsis muaj overlap muaj ib yam ntawm cov tswj axes.

Axonometric projection perpendicular projection hu ua lub los yog orthogonal, thiab ib tug uas tsis yog-perpendicular - oblique.

Feem ntau, cov kev kawm yog positioned li ntawd rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub painting koj yuav saib tau peb sab ntawm cov kev kawm: hauv qab, sab saum toj, pem hauv ntej, sab laug los yog txoj cai. Pem duab yog muab lub teb ntau daim duab ntawm cov kev kawm, nws loj tshaj plaws thiab constructive yam. Nws lub ntsiab kom zoo dua - visibility.

Tag nrho axonometric projection yuav dej num raws li nram no:

1. Isometric. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no rau tag nrho peb axes muaj tib lub inclination, thiab tag nrho cov ntau thiab tsawg pab nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm peb axes muaj tib lub yuav txo tau.

2. dimetric. Ob tug axes nyob rau hauv cov projections muaj tib lub nqes hav, thiab tus thib peb - cov lwm yam. Raws li, qhov ob tug thawj axes ntawm loj yuav txo tau yuav zoo tib yam, thiab rau peb - txwv tsis pub.

3. Trimetric. Tag nrho peb axes nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no muaj ntau qhov chaw siab tshaj thiab txawv loj yuav txo tau nyob rau hauv tag nrho peb axes.

Muaj xwm khoom txawv rau ntawm qhov chaw thiab xaiv ib tug txawv taw qhia txog lub rays, koj yuav tau txais ib tug ntau yam ntawm axonometric projection ntawm tib kwv.

Cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub Drawings lub isometric projection, nyob rau hauv uas qhov luaj li cas yuav txo tau piv yog tib yam rau tag nrho cov axes, thiab cov ces kaum ntawm lub coordinate axes ntawm cov foundations saib yog 120 degrees. Nws yog nyob rau hauv ib thaum uas tig mus zam.

Yuav luag txhua leej txhua tus uas tau kawm engineering graphics thiab duab, nws yog tsim nyog los nqa tawm kev tsim kho ntawm foundations saib. Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, ib tug thoob plaws xaiv ntawm cov drawings yog heev tsawg complexity thiab me me uas yuav tsum tau clarity. GOST 2.317-69 pom zoo axonometric projection, uas tso cai rau muab ib tug zoo xaav ntawm daim duab, yog li muaj ib tug zoo ua ke ntawm distortion coefficients thiab yooj yim siv. Cov no muaj xws tsib hom: peb oblique (pem hauv ntej, kab rov tav isometric, pem hauv ntej Dimetra) thiab ob lub (Dimetra thiab isometrics). Ntawm cov hoob kawm, lawv yuav tsis hloov ib projection duab, thiab muaj peev xwm nkaus xwb yuav supplemented. Tsev foundations es cumbersome, nws yog siv thaum tus duab tsis muab ib tug ua tiav daim duab ntawm cov duab ntawm lub duab ib feem los yog tag nrho ntawm cov kev kawm.