Acetaldehyde. Lub cev thiab thermal zog. Kev npaj thiab siv

Acetaldehyde (lwm lub npe: acetaldehyde metilformaldegid, ethanal) - yog ib tug organic compound teej tug mus rau cov chav kawm ntawv ntawm aldehydes. Qhov no tshuaj yog tseem ceeb rau cov tib neeg, nws yog pom nyob rau hauv kas fes, khob cij, siav txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws tshwm sim lawm thiab yog ua nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau ntawm cov txiv neej. Acetaldehyde mis: CH3-Cho.

lub zog

1. Acetaldehyde - ib tug tsis muaj kob kua muaj ib tug ntse tsis kaj siab tsw.
2. Nws yog npaj meej soluble nyob rau hauv ether, haus dej cawv thiab dej.
3. Cov hniav puas loj ntawm 44,05 grams / tus nas.
4. Cov kev ceev yog 0.7 g / santimetr³.

thermal zog

1. Lub melting point yog -123 degrees.
2. Lub ib kub npau npau taw tes yog 20 degrees.
3. Cov ignition kub yog sib npaug zos rau -39 degrees.
4. Cov ignition kub yog 185 degrees.

Kev npaj acetaldehyde

1. Lub hauv paus txheej txheem rau qhov kev npaj ntawm no substance yog nyob rau hauv lub oxidation ntawm ethylene (thiaj li hu ua Wacker txheej txheem). Nws zoo li no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv:
2CH2 = C2H4 (ethylene) + O2 (oxygen) = 2CH3CHO (metilformaldegid)

2. Tsis tas li ntawd, acetaldehyde yuav tau ua los ntawm cov co ntawm cov acetylene nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm mercury ntsev (thiaj li hu ua tshuaj tiv thaiv Kucherova). Qhov no muab ib tug phenol uas yog ces isomerized mus rau lub aldehyde.

3. Cov qauv hauv qab no yog nrov ua ntej lub advent ntawm lub saum toj no cov txheej txheem. Tua los ntawm cov oxidation los yog dehydrogenation ntawm ethanol rau ib tug silver los yog tooj liab catalyst.

Daim ntawv thov acetaldehyde

- xav tau acetaldehyde Rau uas tshuaj? Acetic acid, butadiene, aldehyde polymers, thiab ib co lwm yam organic tshuaj.
- siv raws li ib tug precursor (ib yam khoom uas koom nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau lub creation ntawm ib lub hom phiaj tshuaj) rau acetic acid. Txawm li cas los, txij li thaum peb xav mus thov cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw sai ceased. Qhov no tshwm sim rau yog vim li cas hais tias cov acetic acid yog yooj yim thiab pheej yig dua yuav tsim los ntawm METALON los ntawm dab Kativa thiab Monsanto.
- Metilformaldegid - ib tug tseem ceeb precursor rau pentaerythritol, pyridine derivatives thiab krotonaldegidu.
- Kev npaj ntawm cov resins vim lub fact tias urea thiab acetaldehyde muaj lub peev xwm mus condense.
- Kev npaj ntawm ethylidene diacetate los ntawm uas tom qab tsim polyvinyl monomer (yas acetate).

Kev haus luam yeeb nyob tos thiab acetaldehyde

Qhov no tshuaj - ib tug tseem ceeb feem ntawm cov luam yeeb haus luam yeeb. ua qauv qhia tau tuav ntev los no, qhov uas nws tau pom tias cov synergistic kev sib raug zoo ntawm acetic acid nrog nicotine tsub kom cov kev qhia ntawm dependence (tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg nyob rau hauv peb caug xyoo).

Alzheimer tus mob thiab acetaldehyde

Cov neeg uas tsis muaj ib tug kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic tau metilformaldegida hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv acetic acid, muaj ib tug yuav muaj predisposition mus xws li cov kab mob li ua tem toob dementia (los yog tus kab mob Alzheimer), uas feem ntau yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov laus hnub nyoog.

Haus dej cawv thiab metilformaldegid

Tej zaum peb yuav xav tias yuav lub tshuaj yog carcinogenic rau tib neeg, raws li ntawm niaj hnub no, muaj pov thawj ntawm carcinogenic acetaldehyde nyob rau hauv ntau yam tsiaj thwmsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, metilformaldegid puas tsuaj DNA, li no yuav ua tau rau ib tug disproportionate lub cev hnyav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub npag system, uas yog kev cob cog rua nrog lub txhaum ntawm protein metabolism hauv lub cev. ib txoj kev kawm ntawm 800 quav dej quav cawv twb muaj, nyob rau hauv uas soj ntsuam xaus lus hais tias cov neeg raug acetaldehyde, muaj ib tug kho raws nyob rau hauv lub noob rau ib enzyme - cawv dehydrogenase. Vim li no, xws cov neeg mob nyob ntawm ntau dua uas yuav muaj mob cancer ntawm ob lub raum thiab lub Upper ib feem ntawm lub siab.

kev nyab xeeb

Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog tshuaj lom. Nws yog ib tug dab tsi ntawm cov cua thaum lub sij hawm kev haus luam yeeb los yog exhausts nyob rau hauv tsheb khiav jams.