"Whirlwind" (foob pob ua ntxaij). Antitank missile system

"Vortex" - missile los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab antitank missile system (ATRA) 9K121 "Vortex" (NATO Classification - AT-16 Scallion), muaj ib tug laser kev taw qhia. Nws sau los ntawm lub ships, raws li zoo raws li lub Ka-50 helicopters, Ka-52 thiab Su-25. Nws twb xub pom tias nyob rau hauv 1992 nyob rau ntawm ib cov cua qhia tau tias nyob rau hauv Farnborough.

txoj kev loj hlob keeb kwm

Complex "Whirlwind" yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub yav tas los Soviet Union raws li ib tug analogue ntawm ATRA American AGM-114 Hellfire. Ua hauj lwm pib nyob rau hauv 1980 thiab twb tau soj xyuas los ntawm Tula designers ntawm lub KBP nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm AG Shipunova. Tus thawj cov ntawv luam tau tauj mus rau cov tub rog nyob rau hauv 1985. Yuav ua li cas yog txoj hmoo ntawm lub missile muaj ib tug "whirlwind"? Tests complex nyob rau hauv helicopters B-80 thiab Su-25T, ua nyob rau hauv 1986, paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm nws cov high efficiency. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lub complex underwent Modernization, uas twb nyob rau hauv 1990. Txawm li cas los, vim rau qhov tense nyiaj txiag qhov teeb meem no rau lub Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog tau yuav tsuas yog ib tug me me muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm tas cov khoom rau kev soj ntsuam lub hom phiaj. Series ntau lawm pib nyob rau hauv 2014, thiab cov thawj systems muab tso rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab tub rog nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm 2015 mus equip lub Ka-52 helicopters.

xaiv ATRA

Muaj ob versions ntawm no anti-complex:

• 9K121 «Whirlwind" - ib tug thaum ntxov version, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov uas tau ua tiav tag nrho nyob rau hauv 1997. Yuav ua li cas munition nws twb nruab nrog no complex "Whirlwind"? 9M127 missile nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm mus txog 8 km ib feem ntawm nws. Nws warranty armor yog 900 hli.
• 9K121 «Vikhr-M" - ib tug version hloov ntawm lub serial. Nws muaj xws li ib tug mos txwv "Vortex-1" (standard los - 9M127-1) nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm 10 km, txawm peem rau nrog ib tug tandem xwb pierces lub armor rau 1200 hli.

Fundamentals ntawm cuaj luaj ntaus muaj peev xwm

Yuav ua li cas yog cov yam ntxwv ATGM "Whirlwind"? Lub missile complex tsim los rhuav tshem cov tseem ceeb heev hauv av lub hom phaj, xws li tej cuab yeej, nruab nrog lub ntsiab los yog ntxiv heev-reactive armor (ERA). Zoo tag nrho cov anti mos txwv hauj lwm rau lub hauv paus ntawm cumulative txiav txim, piv txwv li. E. By armor tho dav hlau ntawm kub hlau. Tawg-reactive armor yuav tawg xwb los ntawm ib tug ob peb hits nyob rau hauv tib lub qhov chaw. Qhov no txoj ntsiab cai no los siv nyob rau hauv tandem mos txwv, ib yam li "Vortex-1" foob pob ua ntxaij, nyob rau hauv uas muaj ob cumulative xwb yog txhais nyob rau hauv ceev succession. Tsis muaj tandem nqi tau nyob rau hauv tib lub qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub armor yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ATGM "Whirlwind"

Foob pob ua ntxaij "Vortex-1" warhead yog ib qho antitank complex "Vortex-M", uas kuj muaj xws li cov nram qab no Cheebtsam:

• launcher rau aircraft (helicopters, dav hlau) ntaus AAP los yog AAP-6-8;
• tsis siv neeg saib xyuas system thiab hom phiaj lub hom I-251 "Squall-M."

Tsis Siv Neeg sighting system "squall-M" loj hlob Krasnogorsky tsob nroj "Zenith" yog muab ib lub TV thiab IR (infrared) raws aiming lub laser beam zaj los tswj lub missile, ib tug laser rangefinder, ib tug tsis siv neeg tsev lub hom phiaj mus txog qhovtwg, ib cov computer thiab lub system foob pob ua ntxaij stabilization nyob rau hauv lub davhlau nyob rau hauv ob dav hlau . I-251 system muab lub hom phiaj kom paub tias thiab kev qhia kom paub nyob rau hauv lub nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj, lub automatic mus txog qhovtwg lub hom phaj thiab lub missile kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv lawv, thiab outputs cov ntaub ntawv rau artillery thiab shelling.

hom phiaj technology

Yog hais tias lub coordinates ntawm lub hom phiaj pre-nkag mus rau hauv lub onboard cov computer complex (ODCC) nyoob hoom qav taub (aircraft), nyob rau hauv uas nws nco yuav tsum tau muab cia rau cheeb tsam daim ntawv qhia ntawm cov sib ntaus, thaum nce lub hom phiaj ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 12-15 km ntawm lub system yog txiav hloov "Squall-M." Yog hais tias lub hom phiaj coordinates paub xwb kwv yees li, lub kaw lus boresight complex "Vortex-M" muaj xws li tsav. Nws pib xa chaw nyob rau hauv ib tug TV (los yog thermal imaging) channel, displaying tus tau rau ib tug TV screen nyob rau hauv lub tsheb tav xis.

Tom qab lub tsos ntawm lub hom phiaj rau lub TV tsav yuav maximizing hom, qhia txog cov hom phiaj thiab ua rau nws cov duab lossis reticle. Lub system ces "Squall-M" yog txhais los ntawm tus tsav rau lub mus txog qhovtwg los ntawm ib tug nrhiav tau lub hom phiaj. Nyob rau hauv no hom, tus tsav yuav tsum ua kom lub nyoob hoom qav taub rau hauv xws li ib txoj hauj lwm nrog rau kev hwm rau lub hom phiaj, thiaj li hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv lub xam ntau yam rau lub mus txog qhovtwg apparatus ntawm lub azimuth lub (mus txog ± 35 °) thiab nce lub (los ntawm + 5 ° rau -80 °). Thaum nws nce mus txog tus permissible ntau, yeej pib ib tug anti-missile "Whirlwind". Nyob rau tib lub hom phiaj nyob rau tib lub sij hawm koj yuav tau muab tso rau ib nrab ib feeb los yog ob tug rockets firing mus txog 4 lub hom phaj.

Lub missile "Whirlwind": Nta

Lub missile yog tsim los ua kom puas armored av lub hom phaj, xws li cov neeg haum nrog lub ntsiab los yog ntxiv heev-reactive armor ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 8 km nyob rau hauv tus cwj pwm ntawm cov hluav taws los ntawm ib tug nyoob hoom qav taub thiab 10 km ntawm lub aircraft thaum lub sij hawm lub hnub (txog li 5 km thaum hmo ntuj), raws li zoo raws li rau defeat cua lub hom phaj yog muab VOP npog txhais tau tias. Nws yog txawm peem rau nrog ob kev sib cuag thiab sib thooj fuses. Cov yav tas tso cai rau koj mus ntaus aerial lub hom phaj ntawm tus mus kom ze rau lawv tshaj ib tug deb ntawm txog li 5 m.

Lub davhlau ceev ntawm lub missile yog ib tug supersonic, xeeb 610 m / s, yog li ntawd qhov kev ncua deb ntawm 4 km nws overcomes nyob rau hauv 9 vib nas this. Yog li PTUR complex AGM-114K Hellfire los npog no deb yuav tsum tau 15 raws li nws yoov rau ib subsonic ceev.

Thaum lub kaum sab xis lub rooj sib tham ib qho chaw khuam nyob rau hauv lub missile 90 ° guaranteed so homogenous steel armor 1,000 hli tuab.

foob pob ua ntxaij tsim

Foob pob ua ntxaij warhead yog tsim los ntawm ib tug tandem Circuit Court thiab spaced raws nws ntev. Pem Hauv Ntej-kawg yog ib tug zoo li tus them nyiaj, rau cov uas muaj ib tug tsav ntawm plaub aerodynamic tswj chaw uas muaj peev xwm yuav rub tawm niches nyob rau hauv lub rov qab cov kev taw qhia txog lub foob pob ua ntxaij ceev. Tom ntej no yog ib tug thib ob chav warhead muaj ob cumulative thiab high-heev fragmentation feem.

Rau warhead coj roj rau cov ntsiab cav thiab lub sij engine nws tus kheej yog tau nrog ob tug nozzles qhia rau lub kaum sab xis mus rau lub axis ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij. Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv tus Tsov tus tw seem ntawm lub missile, nws yog instrumental thawv tswj system khoom thiab kuj laser receiver svetolucha.

Lub rear tsev nyob ib sab yog cov txheej txheem ntawm aerodynamic empennage foob pob ua ntxaij nyob rau hauv plaub bent clockwise (raws li saib los ntawm lub missile qhov ntswg) tis pentagonal zoo, hais tias ua ntej pib (thaum lub hauv lub thauj thiab community launch thawv (TPK)) uas nyob ib sab mus rau lub tsev, thiab ces qhia los ntawm txoj kev tshwj xeeb mechanisms.

Muaj cov tshuaj tswj-tis tswj chaw nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm thiab nyob rau hauv rear unmanaged tso cai muaj xws li missile aerodynamic tswvyim ntawm lub hom "os".

Ua hauj lwm foob pob ua ntxaij mechanisms thaum lub sij hawm pib thiab ya davhlau

Nws yog thauj mus rau lub iav-fiber tam yas TPK, los ntawm uas pib nyob rau hauv tus ntawm propellant siab accumulator. Thaum pav tua ya yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw me me ncaws ntawm burnt gases los ntawm lub rear kawg ntawm TPK. Tam sim ntawd tom qab tawm hauv lub pav tua ya thawv nominated tis thiab foob pob ua ntxaij engine yog pib. Laser pom yog nyob rau lub aft missile, uas nyhav nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub laser beam thaum lub sij hawm lub davhlau.

Cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov laser beam rau lub hom phiaj yog ib tug guarantee ntawm siab raug ntawm shooting, uas tsis txo nrog ua lub hom phiaj ncua deb. Lub hwj chim ntawm lub laser pom tawg yog li ntawd cov uas tsis muaj hais tias nws yog ib qho kev txiav txim ntawm qhov ntau tsawg tshaj li rau lub chaw pib triggering lub hwj chim enjoyed los ntawm txawv teb chaws signaling system ntawm lub laser irradiation. Nws muab cov qhov kawg zais nrhw ntawm riam phom. Foob pob ua ntxaij "Vortex" muaj peev xwm ntawm mus me me-sized puas phiaj hauv chav kawm ntawv "tank" nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm 80%.