Belarusian cosmonauts tiav cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov achievements

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntau tshaj tsib puas leej raug xa mus. Peb ntawm lawv - Belarusians Oleg Novitsky, Vladimir Kovalenok Peter Klimuk. Cov npe yog paub txhua yim neeg uas nyob ib sab mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab koom pheej. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm koj yuav tau paub txog Belarusian astronauts. Wb tau pib.

lub keeb kwm

Nyob rau hauv 2015, noob neej tau ua kev zoo siab rau hauv lub 58th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj hnub nyoog. Nws tag nrho cov pib lub kaum hli ntuj 5, 1957, thaum Soviet zaum twb launched rau hauv orbit "Sputnik 1". Rau tag nrho cov neeg uas nyob hauv ntiaj chaw nws twb qhib lub era ntawm cov hnub qub, galaxies thiab ntiaj teb tshiab.

Tsis ntev ci ntsa iab engineering minds tau npaj txhua yam rau cov theem tom ntej ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov dub abyss. Thiab nyob rau hnub tim 12 1961, nws tau ua phem los ntawm ib tug txhob. Yuri Gagarin yog tus thawj cov txiv neej uas ya mus rau hauv qhov chaw. Thiab qhov no ua ntej los ntawm lub conquest ntawm extraterrestrial qhov chaw tau ua ib thaj av cov kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj chaw.

Nyob rau tom ntej no 50 xyoo ntawm qhov chaw tshawb kawm tau hloov zuj zuj heev ib tug sai pace. Dozens tau launched orbital noj thiab pua pua ntawm cov satellites. Muaj ntau hauj thiab scientific thwmsim. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, ib tug tseem ceeb heev pab rau qhov no los ntawm tus Belarusian cosmonauts. Hais txog qhov kev nto moo tshaj plaws uas peb piav qhia txog nram qab no.

Peter Klimuk

Qhov no txiv neej yuav tsum tsis muaj cov kev taw qhia. Thiab rau cov neeg uas tsis paub, Peter Klimuk - qhov no yog thawj Belarusian cosmonaut, paub txog, Colonel-General, tus kws kho mob ntawm Kev Sciences. Nyob rau hauv 1965, nws enlisted nyob rau hauv lub detachment ntawm lub conquerors ntawm lub starry ntuj. Tom qab ntawd nws tau los ua ib tug colleague ntawm Gagarin. Peter yog ces tsuas 23 xyoo. Cov tub hluas ntxhais txiv neej mus astronaut kawm. Qhov no ua rau nws tsis tsuas yog tus cog qoob loo ya nyob rau hauv ships xws li "Union", tab sis tseem ua hauj lwm zoo rau orbital noj ntawm lub hom "salute". Raws li ib tug commander, nws ua 3 qhov chaw mus ncig teb chaws.

thawj davhlau

Nws coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv xyoo 1973. Klimuk taws "Soyuz-13". Lub duration ntawm lub davhlau yog cia li ib lub lim tiam. Nyob rau hauv 1975, Petra Ilicha enlisted nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia neeg coob "Soyuz 17". Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nws tau los ua tus understudy Klimuk commander "18-1-Union", uas, Tu siab, hai pib.

thib ob davhlau

Nws coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1975 thiab kav ntev li ntev raws li 62 hnub. Petru Ilichu pab davhlau engineer Sevastyanov. Tsis ntev tom qab lawv lub nkoj "Soyuz-18-2" tau ntse docked nrog lub orbital chaw nres tsheb "Salyut-4". Tom qab rov qab rau ntiaj teb Klimuk pib muab kev kawm nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam "Intercosmos".

Qhov thib peb lub davhlau

Thaum lub sij hawm peb ya davhlau nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj 1978, Peter Ilyich coj thoob ntiaj teb neeg coob nyob rau ntawm ib tug par nrog Polish cosmonaut Germashevsky. Tswj "Soyuz-30" ntse docked mus rau lub chaw nres tsheb "Salyut-6", uas nqa Ivanchenkov thiab Kovalenok. Lub sij hawm no Klimuk nyob rau hauv qhov chaw rau xya hnub. Nws zuag qhia tag nrho ntev ntawm lub davhlau yog 78 hnub thiab 18 teev.

sab nraum qhov chaw

Tam sim ntawd tom qab lub thib peb sib ntaus ntawm Peter Ilich raug tsa taub hau ntawm lub Political Department nyob rau hauv lub Cosmonaut Training Center (CTC) Gagarin. Ces Klimuk ua deputy tus thawj coj. Nyob rau hauv 1983, nws tau txais ntxiv kev kawm nyob rau cov tub rog Political Academy, Lenin (nyob rau hauv absentia). Thiab nws defended nws thesis nyob rau hauv 1987. Ib tug ob peb xyoos (los ntawm 1979 mus 1984) yog ib tug Thawj Tub Ceev ntawm lub Supreme Soviet ntawm lub USSR.

Kev txiav txim

Peter Klimuk li lwm Belarusian astronauts, muaj ob peb txeeb. Nws yog ib tug laureate ntawm lub xeev nqi zog ntawm lub USSR thiab lub Lavxias teb sab Federation. Tsis tas li ntawd, Petus Ilyich twb muab peb Orders ntawm Lenin, qhov kev txiav txim "Rau kev pab rau cov motherland", qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Friendship ntawm Haiv neeg, thiab ib tug kub puav pheej Tsiolkovsky. Klimuk lub npe ntawm txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub zos xws li Klotsk thiab Rogachev, thiab kuj nyob rau hauv lub zos Rubel, Lower Terebezhov thiab Motol. Nyob rau hauv Breste Petru Ilichu ntsia ib tug bronze bust.

Vladimir Kovalenok

Tej biography ntawm Belarusian astronauts zoo kawg li, tab sis cov dab neeg ntawm lub neej ntawm cov conqueror ntawm lub starry ntuj, tej zaum cov feem ntau nthuav. Peb pib nrog lub fact tias cov aircraft yog nyob rau hauv Kovalenok kiag li "ntsuab" uas muaj hnub nyoog. Tab sis, raws li nws muab tawm, 22 xyoo no tsis yog ib qhov taw qhia. Vladimir los ua lub ntsiab "ntsia hlau" hom spacecraft "Soyuz". Yuav kom lawv nws kov yeej peb starry qhov chaw.

Pib ntawm kev pab cuam

Raws li nrog rau tag nrho cov Belarusian astronauts Kovalenok tau txais zoo kev kawm nyob rau hauv cov tub rog aviation tsev kawm ntawv. Nws kawm tiav nyob rau hauv 1963 thiab mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv thauj aircraft. Vladimir ya IB-24 co-tsav. Thaum lub sij hawm, tus tub hluas twb nce mus rau commander. Nyob rau hauv 1965 nws los ua ib tug neeg sib tw Kovalenok cosmonaut. Txawm li cas los, nws twb tsis rau npe, thiab sab laug nyob rau hauv cia. Kawm cov hoob kawm rau ya mus rau hauv qhov chaw ib tug tub hluas pib coj qhov chaw ob xyoo tom qab.

thawj davhlau

Nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 1977, Vladimir cog lus rau "Soyuz-25" nws thawj davhlau. Kovalenok yog commander ntawm lub nkoj. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg coob Vladimir Ryumin. Raws li lub davhlau kev pab cuam, "Union" twb nqa tawm docking nrog qhov chaw nres tsheb "Salyut-6". Tab sis qhov no tsis tshwm sim vim cov switching lag luam rendezvous system nyob rau hauv thaum muaj xwm ceev hom. Davhlau nres prematurely. Tag nrho cov sij hawm siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw yog 2 hnub.

thib ob davhlau

Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1978, thiab coj ntev npaum li cas tshaj lub ua ntej. Kovalenok yog dua commander ntawm lub nkoj. Qhov no lub sij hawm nws coj cov neeg coob ntawm "Soyuz-29". Lub tswv yim npaj docking nrog cov "Salyut-6" chaw nres tsheb yog zoo heev. Thaum lub sij hawm nws nyob rau nws, Vladimir Vasilyevich neeg coob coj ob thoob ntiaj teb expeditions: German-Soviet (Ian Bykovskii) thiab cov Polish-Soviet (Germashevsky, Klimuk). Lub Xya hli ntuj 29 Kovalenok ua ke nrog Ivanchenko nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub starry qhov chaw. Sab nraum lub nkoj, lawv yog ib tug me ntsis ntau tshaj li ob teev. Kaum ib hlis 2, Vladimir rov qab tsev mus rau lub "Union-31." Tag nrho cov ntev ntawm lub thib ob txoj kev taug mus yuav luag ib puas thiab plaub caug hnub.

peb davhlau

Lub sij hawm no Kovalenok taws "Soyuz T-4." Nrog nws ya mus rau hauv lub hais tsis zoo Viktor Savinykh. Thiab lawv ntse docked rov qab mus rau lub "Salyut-6". Zoo li lub sij hawm dhau, lub astronauts coj ob thoob ntiaj teb expeditions: lub Romanian-Soviet (Prunariu, Popov) thiab Mongolian-Soviet (Gurragcha, Janibekov). Lub duration ntawm lub davhlau yog ze li ntawm xya caum-tsib hnub.

Ua raws li-up kev pab cuam

Nyob rau hauv 1984, Vladimir ntse kawm tiav los ntawm qhov kev pab Military Academy ntawm lub General neeg ua hauj lwm. Tom qab ntawd nws tau raug tsa deputy chief of 1 tswj Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center, uas tau raug npaj astronauts. Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau qhov no lub sij hawm yog tsis koom nyob rau hauv lub flights.

Los ntawm 1989 mus 1992 nws ua hauj lwm rau lub MP. Nyob rau hauv 1991 nws mus rau hauv lub Belarusian Federation ntawm Cosmonautics. Nyob rau hauv 1993, Vladimir tau muab lub rank of General Colonel Aviation. Nyob rau hauv 2001 nws mus rau Lavxias teb sab Federation ntawm Cosmonautics. Twb tso tawm nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj 2002, lub Tshuag ntawm lub hnub nyoog.

honors

Cov zaj dab neeg txog lub Belarusian astronaut Kovalenko, peb yuav ua kom tiav cov kev hloov ntawm nws cov uas twb muaj lawm kev txiav txim. Vladimir muaj nyob rau hauv lub khoom vaj khoom tsev peb Orders ntawm Lenin, ib tug ob peb txiav txim "Rau Service mus rau lub motherland" thiab ib tug kub puav pheej Tsiolkovsky. Nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Krupki (Minsk cheeb tsam) Kovalenko, bronze bust.

Oleg Novitsky

Qhov no lub npe yog tsis inferior mus rau lub chaw ntawm cov ob teev saum toj no. Oleg Novitsky - Belarusian cosmonaut, uas coj cov nkoj "Soyuz TMA-06M". Start tau ua nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 2012. Qhov no tshwm sim yog rau tag nrho cov Belarusians ua rau kev txaus siab. Nyob rau hauv 2007, Novitsky dhau general qhov chaw cob qhia, tau txais ntau tshaj plaws. Yog li, nws nominated nws tus kheej rau tom ntej no sib ntaus nyob rau hauv lub starry qhov chaw.

Oleg Novitsky - Belarusian cosmonaut, uas nws biography yog lub npe hu mus rau txhua txhua tus pej xeem ntawm nws lub teb chaws. Nws mus yuav tsum yeej xwb qhov tsaus ntuj nti abyss cia li tom qab kev zoo siab nws 41st hnub yug. Cov neeg uas paub Oleg tus kheej sau tseg nws resemblance rau Yuriem Gagarinym. Novitsky los ua tus thib peb Byelorussian uas pom sab tod los ntawm cov ntiaj chaw. Nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze yav tom ntej tej zaum yuav muaj cov plaub conqueror ntawm cov dub abyss.

Nedoletevshie

Belarusian cosmonauts Klimuk, Kovalyonok Novitsky thiab yuav paub nws npau suav mus rau lub starry ntuj. Tab sis muaj cov neeg uas tsis tswj kom nws ua.

Boris Belousov

Yug nyob rau hauv Hotimsk (Mogilev cheeb tsam) nyob rau hauv 1930. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm cov cua Force Academy Mozhaiskogo nyob rau hauv Leningrad. Nyob rau hauv 1965 nws pib los npaj rau lub davhlau nyob rau hauv lub starry qhov chaw. Tsis ntev nws twb ua senior cosmonaut. Tom qab dua cov xeev kev soj ntsuam ntawm Belousov tau raug tsa ua cov neeg coob ntawm tus "Union." Ua ntej lub davhlau mus rau hauv qhov chaw tsis yog npaum li cas. Cherished npau suav yog hais txog los ua ib tug kev muaj tiag yog. Tab sis mam li nco dheev Belousov tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim. Boris twb pauv mus rau ib tug tub rog kev tshawb fawb institutes. Yog vim li cas yog hais tias lub peev xwm pawg neeg pom "tsaus ntuj nti chaw" nyob rau hauv lub biography ntawm nws txiv nyob rau hauv kev cai lij choj.

Anatoly Dedkov

Nws twb yug los nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Lucin (Gomel cheeb tsam) nyob rau hauv 1944. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub Kharkov tub rog Aviation School. Thaum no tau txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub cosmonaut corps. Ntse dua lub xeev ntsuam xyuas, npaj ya mus rau lub orbital chaw nres tsheb "Salyut" thiab "Soyuz". Nyob rau hauv 1977 Dedkova tsa commander ntawm lub 2nd neeg coob nyob rau hauv lub "Salyut-6" thiab "Soyuz-26". Tag nrho cov kev pab them nqi hla hai docking ntawm lub 1 neeg coob, uas muaj xws Belarusian astronauts li Ryumin thiab Kovalyonok. "Top" tuaj qhov kev txiav txim: ib tug tswv cuab ntawm cov neeg coob yuav tsum muaj sib ntaus kev. Qhov kev txiav txim Dedkova thawb mus rau thaum xaus ntawm lub queue, uas yog txhua xyoo Iwj tau yau thov kev pab.

tester

Cov tom ntej no 6 xyoo Anatoly Ivanovich koom nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov chaw technology nyob rau hauv huab mob. Nws muaj aircraft nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv thiab tsis muaj neeg nyob cheeb tsam (taiga, jungles, deserts). Tsis tas li ntawd Dedkov xyaum spacewalk nyob rau hauv lub ce "Orlan" thiab soj ntsuam kuaj cov spacesuit "Sokol". Nws tau ua ntau tshaj li 50 spacecraft landings parachuting ntau ntau ntau ntawm complexity. Tab sis lub xov tooj ntawm thwmsim (tej zaum tej rau kev kho mob) tau tsis pab Anatoly Ivanovich mus rau hauv qhov chaw. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws raug coj nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj Control Center raws li thawj neeg teb xov tooj. Colonel Dedkov yeej tsis muaj kev tswj los ua tus thib peb Byelorussian, conquering qhov tsaus ntuj nti abyss.

Alexander Shchukin

Nws yug los nyob rau hauv 1946 nyob rau hauv Vienna (Wienn), Austria, nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg. Shchukin kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv kuaj pilots, thiab tom qab - lub Moscow Aviation lub koom haum. Alexander nyeem ntau yam txog lub Belarusian astronauts thiab dreaming yuav tsum yeej xwb lub starry qhov chaw. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, Shchukin twb raug xa rau kev cob qhia rau qhov kev pab cuam "Buran", taws los ntawm Igor Volk. Tab sis Alexander tus npau suav ho tsis tuaj tiag. Nws poob lawm nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau Su-26M thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev npaj rau cov nyiaj so koobtsheej nyob rau hauv Zhukovsky. Nyob rau hais tias aircraft davhlau kev kawm Shchukin tau nrog tus aim los ntsuam xyuas nws saws. Tu siab, Alexander yog tsis muaj peev xwm mus coj tau tus aircraft tawm ntawm lub tseem ceeb heev regime, thiab nws twb nyob rau hauv qee.