Thaum pib ntawm tsov rog. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Russia

Cov poj Northern ua tsov ua rog twb tiv thaiv ntawm Sweden thiab ib tug coalition ntawm sab qaum teb lub xeev. Nws lasted rau ntau tshaj nees nkaum xyoo, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1700 mus 1721 thiab twb nrog lub yeej ntawm Sweden. Lub ntsiab lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub yeej belongs rau Russia. Qhov no muab nws ib tug uas ua tub rog txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov European lub teb chaws.

Tus thawj xyoo ntawm tus tsov rog

Cov phaum ntawm kev tsov kev rog nyob rau hauv Sweden hloov zuj zuj zoo heev. Nws muaj ib tug muaj zog rog thiab ib tug thawj-class pab tub rog. Sweden chiv rov nws cov neeg nyob ze - Poland, Denmark, Russia. Pab tub rog muaj peev xwm tau ntes ib tug ntau ntawm cov av, uas tshwm sim los ib tug lossis loj kev tawm tsam thiab discontent. Tag nrho cov no tau coj mus rau lub fact tias cov tawm tsam cov neeg nyob ze, tos ib opportune lub sij hawm ntawd, tsim ib tug alliance tiv thaiv Sweden. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias qhov no yog qhov pib ntawm lub sab qaum teb ua tsov ua rog. Lub motives yog heev yooj yim: rov qab mus rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub qub, thaum Russia xav kom ib tug square nyob ib sab mus rau lub hiav txwv Baltic.

Cov lus teb ntawm cov phoojywg

Cov phaum ntawm kev tsov kev rog yuav tsum nyeem. Noj kom zoo dua ntawm cov tub ntxhais huab tais Charles XII, tus phoojywg twb mus tua Sweden rau peb sab. Tab sis tom qab kev kawm txog cov kev piam sij uas nws ntsej muag, Karl Xii txiav txim siab mus ua txhaum lub tw ib tug los ntawm ib tug. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, thaum pib ntawm tsov rog mus txawv heev. Swedish squadron bombed Copenhagen thiab yuam cov tub rog mus nyoo. Nws yog tus tsuas yog pab pawg phooj ywg ntawm Russia, uas muaj ib tug fleet, uas zoo heev ceg tawv lub dag lub zog ua ke rog.

Russia twb yuam kom urgently ua ib yam dab tsi. Nws pab tub rog, numbering 35 txhiab tus neeg, thaum pib ntawm lub siege ntawm Narva. Txawm li cas los, lub Kaum Ib Hlis 20, 1700, Karl XII thiab nws pab tub rog inflicted ib crushing tshuab. Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog tau raug kev txom nyem loj loj losses. Qhov no yeej tiag undermined txoj hauj lwm ntawm Russia nyob rau hauv lub thoob ntiaj teb arena.

Miscalculation ntawm Charles XII

Yog li, thaum pib ntawm lub tsov ua rog rau tus phoojywg yog tsis tshua unfavorable. Sweden heev sai sai sau tawm los ntawm cov nyiaj ntawm Russia, ntseeg tias tsuas yog tus yeeb ncuab nyob rau hauv no tsov ua rog yog cov Rzeczpospolita. Tsis ua hauj lwm no xwb tempered cim Peter. Nws pib tsom kev cob qhia rau sib ntaus sib tua. Nws ua defenses, recruiting thiab kev kawm tub rog.

Ib tug txhim khu kev qha txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub sim tawm tsam Sweden rau Russia los ua Saxony. Peter muaj kev koom siab tus huab tais. Nyob rau hauv gratitude, nws tau cog lus tseg yuav ua rau muaj rau cov Saxon pab tub rog nees nkaum txhiab thiab ib puas txhiab rubles ib xyoo.

Zoo npaj, tus phoojywg pib lub sib ntaus sib tua. Lub series ntawm yeej tshaj Sweden. Lawv kuj zoo kawg thiab tseem ceeb, vim raising morale thiab mus ob peb vas tom qab lub yeej ntawm Narva. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws pab kom pib ntawm lub Civil War.

Tu ncua replenishing troops thiab npaj txhij rau sib ntaus sib tua, Peter sim rau kev txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog Sweden thiab muaj ib tug sib yeem lus. Txawm li cas los, Sweden yog tsis kam kom paub txog tias Russia yeej txoj cai rau nkag mus rau Baltic hiav txwv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus Russia ceev faj txog teb chaws Aas Kiv thiab nws cov phoojywg. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, ntshai tsam hais tias yog hais tias tus tsov rog Sweden intervenes nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub Mev Succession, thiab yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv lub Fabkis sab.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm sab qaum teb ua tsov ua rog nws ntawd kub ntev li ntau lub xyoo thiab thov txhiab ntawm lub neej. Zog ntawm Guj kuj yeej ib landslide yeej. Nws tsuas tsis regained yav tas los poob chaw uas zoo heev tab sis tau sawv daws yuav tshiab.