Tsim, Zaj dabneeg
Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich. Andropov cov kev cai. Andropov - Biography. thawj coj ntawm lub USSR
By lub sij hawm nws yog ib tug renowned cov kws muaj txuj nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim system nyob rau hauv lub xeev. Nws yog tus muaj hnub nyoog cai: txoj cai peev xwm nws tau txais nyob rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm 69 xyoo. Kev sib piv, Stalin yog 42 xyoo, N. S. Hruschevu - 59, L. I. Brezhnevu - 57. Raws li koj tau saib, tag nrho cov yav tas los cov thawj coj ntawm lub USSR coj hwj chim nyob rau hauv lawv txhais tes, ua npaum li cas yau. Qhov no txhais li cas? Tej zaum qhov tseeb hais tias tus txiv neej no mus rau nws lub hom phiaj dhau lawm ntev. Yog li ntawd thaum lub sij hawm tuaj, nws coj hwj chim ib yam li kua mus. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov tseeb ntawm nws cov hom cawv rau lub siab tshaj plaws lub xeev thiab tog lug tsis disputed los ntawm tus neeg. Tsis zoo li yav dhau los cov thawj coj tsis muaj Andropov tsis muab tso rau pem hauv ntej, hais tias nws ua rau nws tus kheej.
Qhov tiag biography ntawm Childhood thiab tiav hluas
Hard los mus sau txog ib tug neeg lub neej, muaj ob tug sau txog - official thiab tiag. Nyob rau hauv Yuri Vladimirovich mystically rov tus xov tooj ntawm lub neej 15: hnub yug - Lub rau hli ntuj 15, 1915; yees nyob rau hauv lub hnub yug - 15.06.1914 r.; 15 xyoo, nws coj cov KGB, tsim 15 departments muaj thiab thaum kawg - 15 lub hlis kav lub teb chaws. Obviously, tag nrho cov kev secretaries ntawm lub USSR muaj lawv secrets, tab sis, raws li historians, Yuri Andropov lawv ntau tshaj li lwm tus. Yog li ntawd peb caj npab peb tus kheej cov kev tshawb fawb (S. Chertoprud, "Yuri Andropov: lub secrets ntawm lub KGB chairman") thiab sim kom to taub ib yam dab tsi ntawm lub neej ntawm tus txiv neej, uas (rau lub qhov muag, ntawm chav kawm) los ntawm cov KGB lug txhawb cov miv hu ua "tus tswj" thiab "goldsmith".
Peb pib nrog lub sij biography. Tus thawj secretary general ntawm cov neeg Yudais keeb kwm "unearthed" journalist Mark Steinberg. Leej txiv lub npe Velv Lieberman thiab nws niam lub npe yog Genia Fleckenstein. Yug neej yav tom ntej kev cai nyob rau hauv lub plaub Moscow tsev loj, thiab niaj hnub no vysyaschemsya nyob rau hauv xov tooj 26 rau hauv txoj kev. Bolshaya Lubyanka. Yawg koom nyob rau hauv hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua lag ua luam, hu ua Karlom Frantsevichem Fleckenstein. Nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev nws twb yug los Gregory Velvovich Lieberman (tom qab - Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich). Niam kom txog rau thaum 1913 qhia suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv cov neeg tseem ceeb chav xyaum tes taw Mizbaha rau cov poj niam. Ces, nyob rau hauv 1917, tus niam thiab tus tub mam li nco dheev pom lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab qhov chaw - chaw nres tsheb Nagutskaya Stavropol Territory. Yuav ua li cas yog vim li cas rau qhov no? Jewish pogroms nyob rau hauv lub capital. Nyob rau hauv 1915, lub tua neeg pov tseg tau pib ua hauj lwm Tsindel Schrader thiab factories, tau thov lub neej ntawm nws yawg.
Thiab leej niam (tus tub ntawm ib yam dab tsi txawm tias ib tug me ntsis) nyob rau cov sij hawm tuaj rau ntawm lub qhov chaw tshiab ntawm qhov chaw nyob reverses nws biography. Nws muaj nws sib yuav Vladimir Andropov, ib tug railway neeg ua hauj lwm. Nws tus txiv tuag lawm ob xyoos tom qab, mob nrog typhus. Hais tias tib lub xyoo, Evgeniya Andropova yuav txiv lwm railwayman - Victor Alexandrovich Fedorov.
Thaum kawg ntawm lub xya-xyoo txoj cai ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej lub npe ntawm lub npe ntawm nws txiv tshiab Grigory Vladimirovich Andropov-Fedorov. Raws li lub npe Gregory tig mus rau Yuri thiab tshem tawm cov thib ob feem ntawm lub npe tseem yog ib tug paub tsis meej.
lus dab neeg
18-xyoo-laus projectionist los ntawm Mozdok Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich sau nws biography, lus dab neeg Stavropol proletariat rau kev nkag mus Rybinsk River College. By lub sij hawm nws niam tuag (los yog tej zaum tsis tau, vim nyob rau hauv txawv cov ntaub ntawv Yuri yoojyim lub tsis sib haum hnub: 1929, 1930, 1931.). Nws adapts cov ntaub ntawv kawm vitae ntawm ib tug "proletarian puag ncig", tawm hauv tsis muaj dab tsi ntawm lawv "bourgeois cov hauv paus hniav." Nyob rau hauv nws tus account, nws tau yug los rau 06/15/1914 nyob rau hauv Stavropol Krai, nws niam - ib tug foundling, coj mus nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm ib tug watchmaker (yawg hloov lub profession) Fleckenstein, thiab nws tus txiv - Andropov Vladimir (Dua qhov teeb meem, kuv niam yuav tsis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm los qhia suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv 1914-1916 xyoo nyob rau hauv Moscow, thiab yuav tsum ris thiab tsa ib tug tub nyob rau hauv lub Stavropol cheeb tsam).
Kawm nyob rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab
Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo los ntawm tsev kawm qib siab nyob rau hauv 1936, nws sab laug mus rau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws lub sij hawm secretary ntawm lub Komsomol. Lub siab xav sail neeg tsav nkoj uas ploj lawm. Nco ntsoov tias ob ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tsuas yog ib lub neej yav tom ntej tog functionary. Rov kawm nyob rau hauv Petrozavodsk State University tsis tau hu ua kev tshawb no loj. Ntau dua tog tsev kawm ntawv, uas xaus, raws li tog functionaries, tag nrho cov kev secretaries ntawm lub USSR, muab tsuas yog ib lub "ua kiav txhab". Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj feeb twb nyob hauv absentia thiab tsis muaj kev soj ntsuam.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas mus ntxiv los lawv muaj lawv cov hauj lwm raws li ib tug Komsomol thawj coj. Tsis ntev, nyob rau hauv 1937, nws twb pauv mus rau komsorgom Rybinsk shipyard, ces - nyob rau hauv lub Yaroslavl Regional Committee ntawm lub Komsomol.
Lub Party thiab Komsomol ua hauj lwm
Tab sis amid no yoj ntawm nom tswv purges nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm Soviet haiv neeg, los ntawm peasants mus rau lub tog nomenklatura. Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich excitedly coj lub "tshiab ua lag ua luam" ntsuj plig ntawm lub sij hawm thiab ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv nws. Raws li cov lus tim khawv ntawm tus kws Sergei Viktorovich Chertoprud uas ua hauj lwm nrog archival cov ntaub ntawv, tus tub hluas tsis ntev "tau pom hais tias" tag nrho cov mej zeej ntawm lub regional pawg neeg ntawm cov Bureau (tsis suav cov thawj secretary) - cov yeeb ncuab. Lawv cog. Yuav ua li cas koj xav hais tias, yog vim li cas? Txawm li cas los, cov thawj tuav ntaub ntawv rau "tau" txawm steeper - nws raug tua.
Yuav ua li cas los tsim ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Komsomol Yuri lub sij hawm no? Los ntawm leaps thiab ciam teb:
- 05,1937 - tus neeg sib tw CPSU (b);
- 09,1937, lub - lub taub hau. Department ntawm ib tug tho kev thiab cov menyuam kawm Rybinsk nroog pawg neeg ntawm cov Komsomol;
- 10,1937 g - pauv mus rau lub Yaroslavl Regional Committee;
- 11,1937 g - Acting III-rd Secretary ntawm lub Yaroslavl Regional Committee;
- 12,1938, lub - I-st secretary ntawm lub Yaroslavl Regional Committee; ceeb toom ua lub sij hawm ntawm ib tug neeg tsis muaj cov neeg sab nrauv lub sij hawm (obviously, lam xav lwm yam kev pab);
- 02,1939, lub - saws lub tog.
thawj sib yuav
"Burnt rau tshauv" nyob rau hauv lub Komsomol, Yuri Andropov yuav txiv kawm ntawv qib siab tiav Rybinsk Engalycheva Nina Ivanovna. Nws los ntawm ib tug neeg uas nplua nuj cov tub qhe, nws tus txiv - tus thawj coj ntawm lub xeev Bank ceg. Hluas tshwm ob tug me nyuam, nyob rau hauv 1937, tus ntxhais Valeria, thiab nyob rau hauv 1939 - tus tub Volodya. Tus poj niam yog kawm nyob rau hauv Leningrad, tus neeg tshawb xyuas thiab tsis kam mus nrog nws tus txiv mus Karelia, qhov uas nws twb raug xa mus rau lub Komsomol ua hauj lwm. Family so.
Karelian theem
Hluas nquag ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 1940 twb raug xa mus rau lub constituted nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo lub Lithuanian SSR rau txoj hauj lwm kuv ntawm tus Secretary ntawm lub Central Committee ntawm Komsomol. Nyob rau hauv tib 1940 nws sib nrauj thiab yuav txiv Engalycheva Lebedeva Tatyana Filippovna. Tus poj niam nws hlub.
Raws li cov hauj lwm version ntawm Yuri Andropov coj lub partisans ntawm Karelia, rau cov uas nyob rau hauv 1944 twb muab tsub lub txiav txim ntawm cov liab Banner. Seb qhov no qhov tseeb yog zoo ib yam nrog rau qhov tseeb, peb tsis paub, vim hais tias peb yuav soj ntsuam nrog ib tug txawj ntse hoaxer.
Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tso siab rau cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov ntau muaj yog ib tug clue: tsis muaj puav pheej "Rau qhov yeej nyob rau hauv lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog" los yog lub puav pheej "Rau qhov liberation ntawm Karelia", puav pheej npe uas yog cov ncaj commanders nyob pem taub hau, Yuri tsis ua.
Nws yog tsis muaj daim card uas nyob rau hauv Karelia nrog Andropov, I-st Secretary ntawm lub Karelian YCL, tsis converged xwm ntawm cov thawj tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm lub Karelian Regional tog Committee GN Kupriyanov. Nyob rau hauv nws memoirs, nws accuses Yuri Vladimirovich cowardice "ntawm cowardice." Nyob rau hauv nws cov lus, Komsomol thawj coj skilfully xa cov guerrillas thiab nrhiav neeg ua hauj neeg, tab sis tus kheej ua luaj ntshai sib ntaus sib tua (IA Minutko "Yuri Andropov ..."). Hais tias xws li "heroism".
Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tom qab tseem muaj kev tswj kom coj mus rau hauv tus me nyuam thiab ntawm Kupriyanov, thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm underground neeg ua hauj lwm, honestly ua hauj lwm qab yeeb ncuab kab, vindictive "Komsomolets" Andropov. Biography ntawm ib tug txiv neej 10 xyoo ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug deputy los ntawm Leningrad Kupriyanov thiab liam nws thawj nyob rau hauv ib tug uas tsis yog-existent txhaum, cim lwm leap nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam. Xam qhovkev xav nws xav conjuncture: Malenkov thiab Beria cia li ntxuav managers yuav lwv nrog lawv tus tawm tsam rau lub hwj chim nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad cheeb tsam.
Kuv yuav tsum hais tias Yuri twb tsa puas tau raug ntes I-st secretary ntawm lub regional pawg neeg? Gennadiy Kupriyanov tau txais kev pab 10 xyoo, thiab ces mus tawm, thiab hais lus rau N. S. Hruschevu, thiab L. I. Brezhnevu, Andropov, qhia ib tug luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws lub neej. Nws txum tim rov qab mus rau lub nyob qib general, tab sis Andropov twb tsis kov.
diplomatic ua hauj lwm
Cov kev tuag ntawm Stalin thiab Beria, nws haivneeg tej zaum ciali rau nws qhov kawg ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab quab yuam majeure, tsis xav tias yuav tej txheej xwm Andropov. Nws biography tsis zoo tag nrho, ntawm functionary raug teeb meem plaub ntug ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv Karelian thiab Yaroslavl. Txawm li cas los, kev kho mob tseem tuaj - nyob rau hauv tus neeg ntawm Otto Kuusinen, tus tswj ntawm lub tsev tog ntawm lub Lithuanian SSR. Nws pom zoo Andropov Txawv Teb Chaws Ministry - mus rau lub diplomatic ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Hungary teb.
Thaum tuaj txog newfound muaj pluaj siab zoo Ambassador pom hais tias lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1956 pib ib tug haib teb chaws liberation zog loj hlob mus rau hauv ib lub uprising nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Zoo siab hlo coj nyob rau ib tug tseem ceeb lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv cov hluav ntawm lub zog diplomat Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich. Nws biography twb cim los ntawm tshiab jesuitically. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws muaj peev xwm mus dag siab tsoom fwv Imre Nadya, puav rau nws tias tus Soviet Union yog xav nyob rau hauv kev ywj pheej Hungary. Li treacherous negotiator distracted mloog los ntawm lub sij Soviet ntxeem tau thiab coj mus rau tsoom fwv tub ceev xwm Janos Cadore. Thaum Imre Nagy khiav mus rau lub Yugoslav embassy los ntawm Soviet pab tub rog, Andropov "ib tug acquaintance" cog lus tseg rau pab nws tawm hauv lub teb chaws, thiab ces calmly cob rau tiav. Nws surrendered thiab Hungarian tub rog uas yog nyob rau hauv cov tub rog hauv paus ntawm lub USSR, hais kom lawv tawm hauv lub chaw uas zoo heev thiab muab lawv ib tug "lo lus ntawm Honor" hais tias lawv tsis kov. Ib yam li ntawd, ntxhi, nws ntxeev siab rau cov kev ua phem ntawm ib qho ntawm cov organizers ntawm lub uprising, cov tub ceev xwm chief Sandor Kopachi.
Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm lub lag luam nyob rau hauv Hungary Andropov tseem lwm xyoo nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no raws li cov Soviet tswv xeev, ua zaum kawg cheb ntawm rebels.
Hungary tseem nco ntsoov lub "ntshav diplomat."
Cov Central Committee ntawm lub CPSU
Tom qab Hungary, los ntawm Lub peb hlis ntuj 1957, nyob rau lub behest ntawm N. S. Hruscheva nyob rau hauv lub Communist tog tuaj koom lub tshiab lub taub hau ntawm lub Department - Andropov Yuriy Vladimirovich. Biography dua ua txhua yam rau nws nrog tshaj plaws txoj cai, muab ib tug indulgence ntawm yav tas los kev koom tes nrog Beria. Plaub lub xyoos tom qab, nyob rau hauv 1961 nws los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub Central Committee. Nquag tog neeg yog nyob ib sab mus rau lub zeem muag tis tog L. I. Brezhneva thiab koom nyob rau hauv lub xaav ntawm lub General Secretary Khrushchev nyob rau hauv 1964. Nyob rau hauv ua tsaug rau cov kev pab cuam ntawm Leonid Brezhnev tsa nws lub taub hau ntawm lub KGB.
Peb cia peb tus kheej luv luv delve rau hauv qhov xwm ntawm tus tshiab lub taub hau ntawm lub KGB. Andropov nyiam los qhia lawv lub hwj chim. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv: chaw ua hauj lwm memorandum mus rau lub Central Committee on Hlis ntuj nqeg 25, 1970 Yuri qhia nws kev txhawj xeeb hais txog cov kev muaj zog txaus ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv los ntawm txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub xyoo tshiab tiv thaiv N. S. Hruscheva, thiab kuj npaj siab kom tsis txhob khiav. Vim li cas nws ua li ntawd? Teb: lub qub General Secretary ntawm lub CPSU Khrushchev thaum twg yog xav cov neeg txiav txim siab ib zaug muab tso rau pem hauv ntej tsis Andropov, piav qhia txog qhov kev txiav txim tsis muaj tsis ntev los no kev ntawm lub koom haum ntawm nyiaj txiag los yog cov thawj tswj kev ua hauj lwm.
KGB
15 xyoo, thaum lub sij hawm uas Andropov coj lub State Security Committee, yog tham txog lawv. Tsim kom muaj lawv cov lus sib cav nyob rau hauv lub pov thawj tim khawv. Politburo neeg Vadim Andreevich Medvedev hais tias Andropov cov rooj sib tham nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm Leonid Ilyich cia cov neeg tuaj saib nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws taw tes ntawm view. CPSU General Secretary L. I. Brezhnev nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw cia siab nkaus rau nws gray eminence, lub KGB chief.
Nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm no department los ntawm Andropov ho ua ntu sib ntaus tawm tsam "anti-Soviet ntsiab". Functionary deftly sib cav hais tias lub tsam apparatus ntawm lub KGB yog ib tug qauv ntawm lub sij hawm. 15 departments ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tau txoj kev los txhawb cov neeg thiab pej xeem lub tswv yim (nws yuav tsum tau pab txhawb kom muaj tej tsev kawm ntawv).
Andropov twb thov know-yuav ua li cas - kev kho mob nyob rau hauv ib tug puas siab ntsws hauv tsev kho mob. Ntawm ncaj ncees, txawj xav, principled tw, Butchers, cov kws kho mob ua "zaub." Thiab nws tau muab tso rau hauv lub conveyor. Hard siab twb raug mus rau hnyav kos duab: Lenk, Taganka ua yeeb yam, cov phau ntawv Magazine "New World", "Cov hluas". Twb tau soj xyuas ntawm lub sij hawm absurd tawm tsam nrog dissidents, tau txais manic daim ntawv. Raws li V. V. Fedorova, uas nyob siab nyob qib nyob rau hauv lub KGB, Andropov tus kheej republics ua li lub hom phiaj yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam dissidents yuav tsum tau raug ntes.
Tawv thiab thaum rau cov pej xeem thiab rau lub xeev daim card hwj chim ntsug ua Andropov. KGB, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv 1976, ua tiv thaiv ua hauj lwm nrog 68 txhiab. Pej xeem. Qhov no yog hais txog tus cuj pwm siab thiab hem kom ntshai ntawm raug kaw. Nyob rau hauv tsev rau txim rau cov neeg raug txim twb zaum 851, ntawm uas 261 - nyob rau hauv thaj av ntawm anti-Soviet ntxhov siab.
Thaum Yuri Vladimirovich Tshwj xeeb Rog twb tau tsim kom tshwj kom txhob ua phem nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, "Alpha" thiab txawv teb chaws - "Vympel". Kev npaj vympelovtsev impressive, mus rau "ua hauj lwm nrog cov neeg", cov wagons twb tau mus txawm siv astrology paub.
Yuav ua li cas tiag tiag txais kev pab Andropov?
Tom qab saib tag nrho cov yav tas los biography ntawm ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub CPSU Central Committee, yuav naïve ntseeg hais tias Yuri mam li nco dheev nres nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm, yuav tsis luj tshib thawb tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog raws li nws cov kev siv zog tuaj rau xws li ib tug haib ntsuas ntawm lub hwj chim, lub KGB, mloog nws kev txiav txim. Nws lig ntseeg thiab yeeb ncuab Brezhnev. Andropov siv nws.
Txij li thaum 1979, nws pib thawb nws patron mus rau lub tsis ua hauj lwm kev daws teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv kev, lub tswv yim ntawm kev dag nrog cov kev taw qhia ntawm pab tub rog nyob rau hauv Afghanistan, nws twb cog KGB chief. Thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis rooj sib tham ntawm lub Politburo nws twb tsa rau lub ntaub thaiv npog yog ib tug ntshiab disinformation txog los tsim ib qho Islamic caliphate nrog nws capital nyob rau hauv Qaib Cov Txwv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub taub hau ntawm lub KGB pom lub zeem muag ntawm America pab nyob rau hauv Afghanistan medium-ntau cuaj luaj. Uas, ntawm chav kawm, hauv lub tebchaws United States yuav tsis txawm xav tias. Tom qab tag nrho, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov txiag ntawm nuclear riam phom yog ntau tshaj li siab nyob rau hauv lub volatile lub teb chaws. Nws yog ib tug hysterical kawm coj mus rau muab peb pab tub rog nyob rau hauv Afghanistan, lub 14,000th poob thiab 10-xyoo-laus senseless tsov rog. Kuv yuav coj qhov chaw ntawm "nkawv Leonid Ilyich," Andropov? Diam duab ntawm nws lub sij hawm 80, yog tias koj paub lub physiognomy, hais lus tim khawv rau qhov no. Nws ob lub qhov muag - tsis qhev ncaj thiab ntse glance.
Conveyor tuag Politburo
Nws begs rau lo lus nug nyuaj prevailing nyob rau hauv lub 80s es worrying sib ntawm cov neeg tuag ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm lub Politburo. Lo lus nug no, ntawm chav kawm, yog ib tug paub tsis meej. Txawm li cas los, lub anomaly ntawm xws li ib tug tshwm sim, raws li ib tug kwj ntawm cov neeg tuag nyob rau hauv lub 80 lub xyoo nws yog mej zeej ntawm lub Politburo, ntawm chav kawm, alarming.
Yog nws ib daim card txoj cai Andropov? Nrhiav yuav tsis ua li cas, tab sis saib qhov tseeb.
26/04/1976, tuag nyob rau hauv lub Central Committee neeg, Minister ntawm kws muaj txuj ci ntawm lub Central Committee Grechko Andrey Andreevich. Xya caum xyoo laus, nws yog dlej rau nws muaj hnub nyoog sportswear: hlub jogging, ntaus pob tesniv, coj ib tug active lub neej, ib tug ntau lub sij hawm mus CSKA. Colonel-General Varennikov tab qhia nws disbelief nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam ntuj tso kev tuag tsis txaus siab ntawm muaj zog txiv neej laus laus noj qab haus huv: nyob rau hauv koj lub tsev, nyob rau hauv ib lub rooj zaum, nrog ib phau ntawv nyob rau hauv nws txhais tes. Characteristically, Grechko A. A., leej twg tuag tom qab raws li Suslov M. A., uas muaj tuaj hauv lub qub zov ntawm lub Politburo, Andropov tsis paub ambitions.
17.07.1978 twb mam li nco dheev tua caum Fedor Davydovich Kulakov, ib tug tiag tiag contender rau tus ncej ntawm General Secretary ntawm lub CPSU. Mighty txiv neej tuag mam li nco dheev, "mob lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm". Thiab rau ib tug ob peb teev ua ntej nws tau pom nyob rau hauv noj qab nyob zoo. Nyob rau hauv nws post-mortem mob ntawm Academician Chazov nws yog unconvincing. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub caij unusually sai sai cremated.
Needless hais, nrog zoo kawg li stability, "cov nyiaj ntawm lub cov ntaub ntawv" rau ib txhia yog vim li cas nws tuag lawm cov kev cai - competitors los yog yeeb ncuab Andropov. Yog hais tias qhov kev tshawb xav yog muaj tseeb, ces thaum lub sij hawm lub neej ntawm Brezhnev 80 xyoo - nws yog ua tau lub reign ntawm Andropov, txawm li cas los, rau txoj kev gray cardinal.
10/04/1980 ntawm tua lub ntsiab contender rau nws cap Brezhnev - Petr Mironovich Masherov. Nws twb tua nyob rau hauv ib lub tsheb tsoo nyob ze ntawm lub zos ntawm Smolevichi. Kev tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev tuag: Olympic txoj kev raws li ib hom tshuaj, zoo saib, ib tug uas koj tus kheej tsav tsheb. seb ib tug kev sib tsoo nrog ib pob tseg truck ntawm tag nrho cov xeev ua liaj ua teb yog tseem yog ib tug paub tsis meej. Thaum tuaj txog, cov tub ceev xwm pom tau tias tus neeg ua teb Pustovit Nikolay Mitrofanovich ib co yog vim li cas (uas yog tsis raug rau tej xwm txheej) tag nrho hlawv, tab sis txuj ci tseem ceeb dim. Peb lub hlis tom qab ntawd tus neeg ua teb tus cog rau 15 xyoo, thiab ... nws disappears.
19.01.1982, tus "txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv" thawj deputy lub taub hau ntawm lub KGB Andropov - General Semyon Tsvigun, curator ntawm lub koob thib 3 thiab 5 kev coj, tib neeg Brezhnev, Leonidom Ilichom twb teem los saib xyuas Andropov.
25.01.1982 xyoo illogical tuag Mihail Andreevich Suslov. Txawm tias nws yog cov tub ntxhais, tab sis qhov kev tshwm sim tseem atypical rau txoj kev tuag. Thaum zoo-ua stably Mikhail tsim tshwj xeeb tsev kho mob rau kev kho mob kev xeem txhua xyoo. Thiab mam li nco dheev - ib tug loj heev mob stroke, thiab kev tuag.
Txawv teb chaws thiab domestic txoj cai Andropov
Ua nyob rau helm ntawm lub xeev, Yuri pib siv lawv nom tswv views, ntawm chav kawm, tsis muaj raws lawv. Raws li ib tug txiv neej ntawm shrewd, nws yeej paub txog lub ntsoog qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub Soviet kev khwv nyiaj txiag, hem los ua ib tug landslide.
Nws lub ntsiab lub tswv yim yog gradual rho tawm ntawm lub tsev tog ntawm lub lub hwj chim. Lub hwj chim, raws li Andropov, yuav tsum coj kev ruaj ntseg rog, tswj pragmatically tsim pej xeem peev nyob rau hauv lub kev khwv nyiaj txiag. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tej yam me me nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag twb muab mus rau lwm cov cuab yeej.
Nws yog hais tias Tuam Tshoj tom qab siv Andropov txoj kev npaj. Qhov no muab cov kws txawj yog vim li cas mus ntseeg tau hais tias los ntawm no peb tes num cov USSR yuav tau txais kev cawmdim.
Tu siab, nws tsuas yog lub tshaj tawm hais tias Andropov tus kho. Lawv tsis tuaj tiag. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub thib tsib secretary general tus kheej kav lub teb chaws rau xwb 5 lub hlis, thiab lub xeem kaum tau pegged mus rau lub tsev kho mob kev kho mob. Yuav ua li cas yog nws hais tias yuav ua kom Andropov? Lub fact tias nws yuav. Thiab nws paub yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau cov kev tsuj thiab los ua ib tug nyab xeeb ntawm kev ntshai. Tam sim ntawd nws pib mus tua kev noj nyiaj txiag. Nws yog qhib nrov "paj rwb ntaub ntawv". Yog ousted qub tus nrog sib ntaus Yuri Vladimirovich, Chief Ministry ntawm Internal Affairs Nicholas Schelokov (nws tua nws tus kheej, xav txog lub tom ntej raug ntes). dav tsuj tiv thaiv cov pejxeem tau raug txiav: tub ceev xwm tub ceev xwm thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm teev ua raids nyob rau hauv cov khw, cinemas thiab coj txoj cai ntawm zog qhuab qhia nyob rau hauv mem hluav. Ntxiv kev taw qhia "phau ntawv sau truants" nyob rau hauv lub sab hauv Ministry twb yuav tsum tau tsab ntawv los yog tso los yog rau txim rau.
General Secretary Andropov twb manifested to taub tsis tau phem ib la Beria. Galina Brezhnev thiab Yuri Churbanov tau raug ntes thiab tus thawj coj Eliseev deli Y. Sokolov liam ntawm tag nrho cov kev txhaum ntawm cov Soviet luam thiab "qhia" txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv.
Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Yuri ntes tau cov kev ntshai thiab nyob rau hauv lub teb, hloov peb caug xya thawj secretaries ntawm lub regional pawg thiab kaum yim nom tswv.
Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Andropov zoo ceev nto repressive ntsuas, tsis coj mus rau lub rooj txhawb siab ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntaus los ntawm lub ntsoog. Kev sib piv, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, Qaib ntxhw yog tau mus pw cov me nyuam yaus rau lub spa kev lag luam. Thaum tus nkag ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob inspectors kom paub tseeb lub legality ntawm cov chaw thau khoom thiab unloading.
Economic innovation yog tej zaum muaj kev txwv los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv lub rhawv nyob cheaper dua lwm hom (4 rubles. 70 kopecks.) Vodka, nicknamed "andropovka" cov neeg.
Nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws txoj cai, Andropov ua ob yam no: qhov pib ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm normalization ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog rau Tuam Tshoj, thiab tau cuam tshuam hais lus rau medium-ntau cuaj luaj nrog rau lub tebchaws United States.
Accents nyob rau hauv xav tias tsam lawv Andropov
Yog xav tias tsam lawv tau Andropov uncompromising? Tej zaum tsis tau. Lub hwj chim tag nrho lub taub hau ntawm lub KGB txawm tswj nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no mus nqa tawm nws cov kev cai. Leejtwg Andropov, nram qab no nws tus KGB chief V. V. Fedorov, yog tsis muaj Hmoob mus rau lub ntsiab txhais ntawm undercover intrigue, hais tias asymmetrical daim ntawv thov Andropov punitive muaj nuj nqi. Raws li nws, nyob rau hauv tsev rau txim xa statist sau ntawv. Liberals xws li Brodsky, Vladimir Bukovsky, Aksenov, Solzhenitsyn Andropov coj kev kho mob ntawm. Yog lub ntiab tawm txawv teb chaws - nws yog ib lub txim? Yuri kuj favored cov qib thiab tau ua xws lis kev cai nuj nqis raws li Yevtushenko, Lyubimov thiab Vysotsky.
Thiab nrog lub Romanom Solzhenitsyna "Lub gulag Archipelago" - feem ntau turbid keeb kwm. Qhov twg nyob deb nroog cov xib fwb yuav muab kev nkag los rau ib tug top-secret cov ntaub ntawv?
Yuav ua li cas yog lub hom phiaj caum ntawd? Obviously - cov creation ntawm cov duab ntawm ib tug tsis nrug cai.
Txoj kev tuag thiab pam tuag
Ib xyoo ua ntej txoj kev tuag, nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 1983, nyob rau lub thib tsib general secretary ntawm lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm. Tom qab ntawd nws tau cawm nej dim ntawm hemodialysis. Nws rov qab mus rau li qub noj qab haus huv. Tab sis nyob rau lub caij so nyob rau hauv lub Crimea, Andropov muaj ib tug txias, thiab ces twb yuam kom nyob rau hauv Kuntsevo tsev kho mob.
09/02/1984 ntawm Yuriy Vladimirovich Andropov tuag. Cov hauj lwm mob: raum tsis ua hauj lwm. Andropov lub ntees cim los ntawm ib tug luv luv hais lus ntawm nws successor - Chernenko K. U. muab Huab Tais Ntuj hais cov lus no, nws hais rau cov neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm: "Kaus mom yuav tua" - ces teb nws tus kheej: "Tsis yog, nws yog txias."
xaus
Nyob rau hauv ib tug txias-blooded serial tog functionary Andropov, ib tug lub neej tam sim no, raws li tsim nyog, nyob rau hauv txoj cai nws yog kom meej meej tseem ceeb. Nws strove rau ib tug tsis nrug lub xeev uas muaj cov ntsiab ntawm cov khoom ntawm ntiag tug. Qhov siab tshaj plaws txoj cai nyob rau hauv lub "teb chaws Andropov" muab tub ceev xwm lub koom haum. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tshwm muaj siab hlob nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm tsis tau zoo lub hom phiaj, cleft SNAP qhia ib txwm ua kom puas competitors.
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