Sulfur dioxide. Formula, muab, tshuaj zog

Oxide leej faj (leej faj dioxide, sulfur dioxide, sulfur dioxide) - yog ib tug tsis muaj kob roj muaj ib tug ib txwm ntse cov yam ntxwv tsis hnov tsw (tsw zoo ib yam li ib tug illuminated ntais ntawv). Liquefied nyob rau hauv siab ntawm chav tsev kub. Sulfur dioxide yog soluble nyob rau hauv dej, li no txoj kev tsis ruaj tsis khov sulfuric acid. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no tshuaj yog yaj nyob rau hauv sulfuric acid thiab ethanol. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab Cheebtsam ntawm nyob tus yeees ntawm volcanic roj.

Raws li npaj cov leej faj dioxide

Kev npaj SO2 - leej faj dioxide - muaj txoj kev muaj nyob rau hauv kub leej faj los yog roasting ntawm sulfides (pyrite yog tsuas yog siv).

4FeS2 (pyrite) + 11O2 = 2Fe2O3 (hlau oxide) + 8SO2 (leej faj dioxide).

Nyob rau hauv laboratory tej yam kev mob, cov leej faj dioxide yuav tsum tau los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm muaj zog acids hydrosulfites thiab sulfites. Yog li lub resulting sulfurous acid tam sim ntawd decomposes rau dej thiab leej faj dioxide. Piv txwv li:

Na2SO3 (sodium sulfite) + H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) = Na2SO4 (sodium sulphate) + H2SO3 (sulfurous acid).
H2SO3 (sulfurous acid) = H2O (dej) + SO2 (leej faj dioxide).

Qhov thib peb txoj kev ua leej faj dioxide yog raug concentrated sulfuric acid los ntawm cua sov rau ib tug tsawg active hlau. Piv txwv li: Cu (tooj liab) + 2H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) = CuSO4 (tooj liab sulfate) + SO2 (leej faj dioxide) + 2H2O (dej).

Tshuaj thaj chaw ntawm cov leej faj dioxide

Cov mis ntawm leej faj dioxide - SO3. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas hais txog acidic oxides.

1. Cov leej faj dioxide yaj nyob rau hauv dej, li no txoj kev sulphurous acid. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog reversible.

SO2 (leej faj dioxide) + H2O (dej) = H2SO3 (sulfurous acid).

2. alkalis leej faj dioxide txoj kev sulfite. Piv txwv li: 2NaOH (Sodium hydroxide) + SO2 (leej faj dioxide) = Na2SO3 (sodium sulfite) + H2O (dej).

3. Tshuaj leej faj roj ua si yog txaus siab. Qhov tseem lus hais yuav txo tau thaj chaw ntawm cov leej faj dioxide. Nyob rau hauv xws tshua cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm cov leej faj oxidation qab. Piv txwv li: 1) SO2 (leej faj dioxide) + Br2 (bromine) + 2H2O (dej) = H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) + 2HBr (hydrogen bromide); 2) 2SO2 (leej faj dioxide) + O2 (oxygen) = 2SO3 (sulfite); 3) 5SO2 (leej faj dioxide) + 2KMnO4 (poov tshuaj permanganate) + 2H2O (dej) = 2H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) + 2MnSO4 (manganese sulphate) + K2SO4 (poov tshuaj sulfate).

Xeem teb - ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug high-zoo lus teb rau SO2 thiab SO3. Ntshav heev tshwm sim) tov.

4. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm muaj zog kom txhob muaj leej faj dioxide yuav muaj oxidizing zog. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav extract nyob rau hauv lub metallurgical kev lag luam leej faj los ntawm flue gases, siv tov ntawm cov leej faj dioxide nrog carbon monoxide (CO): SO2 (leej faj dioxide) + 2CO (carbon monoxide) = 2CO2 (carbon dioxide) + S (leej faj).

Tsis tas li ntawd oxidative thaj chaw ntawm no yam khoom uas yog siv kom tau fosfornovaristoy ksiloty: PH3 (phosphine) + SO2 (leej faj dioxide) = H3PO2 (fosfornovaristaya acid) + S (leej faj).

Qhov twg siv cov leej faj dioxide

Feem ntau cov leej faj dioxide yog siv los tsim sulfuric acid. Tsis tas li ntawd nws yog siv raws li ib tug preservative (E-220) nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm cov dej qab zib (wine thiab lwm yam dej qab zib nruab nrab nqi qeb). Vim cov cuab yeej ntawm no gas tua ntau yam ntawm kab mob, lawv fumigated warehouses thiab zaub khw. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov leej faj dioxide yog siv rau tshuaj dawb tso wool, txhob lo lo ntxhuav, straw (cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj peev xwm tsis tsum bleached nrog chlorine). Nyob rau hauv lub chaw soj nstuam ntawm cov leej faj dioxide yog siv raws li lub kuab thiab kom tau ntau yam ntsev ntawm sulfurous acid.

physiological los

Sulfur dioxide muaj ib tug muaj zog tshuaj lom zog. Cov tsos mob ntawm lom - ib tug hnoos, los ntswg qhov ntswg, txhaws qa, ib tug peculiar saj nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj, ib tug muaj zog laum nyob rau hauv lub caj pas. Nqus tau pa ntawm cov leej faj dioxide nyob rau high school ntau tshwm sim muaj teeb meem nqos thiab txhaws qa, hais lus tsis meej, xeev siab thiab ntuav tej zaum yuav tsim mob pulmonary edema.

MPC ntawm cov leej faj dioxide:
- sab hauv tsev - 10 mg / m³;
- nruab nrab nyiaj pab ntau tshaj txoj hauj lwm-nyob rau hauv cov huab cua - 0.05 mg / m³.

Neeg rau leej faj dioxide nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg tib neeg, tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag sib txawv. Piv txwv li, cov feem ntau resistant ntoo birch thiab ntoo qhib, thiab tus kawg - spruce thiab ntoo thuv.