Rau cov lus qhia yuav ua li cas mus nrhiav tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau paub txhua txhua tus menyuam kawm ntawv

lub tsev kawm ntawv Science News for KIDS Hoob no yog ib introductory phau ntawv mus rau lub complex science. Los ntawm thaum pib, cov menyuam kawm ntawv sim mus xyuas seb yuav ua li cas los daws kom tau tsim txoj kev sib tw. Piv txwv tias nyob rau hauv thawj zaug rau theem, lawv muaj me ntsis kev siv tswv yim, tab sis yog hais tias tus me nyuam kawm ntawv kawm, piv txwv li, yuav ua li cas nrhiav tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov unreacted tshuaj, tej zaum nws yuav zoo hais tias yuav tsum tau ib tug loj zoo.

Xav txog ib tug yooj yim piv txwv ntawm cov teeb meem, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm uas koj muaj peev xwm kawm tau li cas los daws kom tau ntau. Xav hais tias hais tias tag combustion ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide (II) koj coj 11.2 liters. Yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam grams ntawm CO2 koj tau txais?

1. rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab zauv.

CO + O2 = CO2

2. equalize oxygen. Muaj ntau yam kev cai, uas nyob rau hauv feem ntau tus neeg mob yuav pab tau koj. Pib mus teem lub coefficients ntawm ib yam khoom, tus xov tooj uas yog khib atoms. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov pa nyob rau hauv lub molecule CO. Yuav kom muab tso rau qhov zoo tshaj 2. Vim cov laug tsim ob carbon atoms, thiab txoj cai - ib tug, thiab ces mus rau xa CO2 2. Yog li ntawd, peb tau:

2CO + O2 = 2CO2

Raws li koj tau pom, rau sab laug thiab txoj cai sab ntawm cov plaub oxygen atoms. Carbon yog tseem muab cia rau hauv qhov nqi koj tshuav. Thiaj li, peb equalized txoj cai.

3. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum nrhiav tus nqi ntawm cov O2. Kev txiav txim ntawm lub molecular loj rau cov menyuam kawm dhau cumbersome thiab ib qho nyuaj rau nco ntsoov, yog li peb siv ib tug txawv txoj kev. Nco qab hais tias muaj yog ib tug hniav puas ntau npaum li cas uas yog sib npaug zos rau 22,4 l / tus nas. Koj yuav tau mus nrhiav yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam moles (n) nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv :. N = V / V m Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, n = 0,5 mol.

4. Tam sim no kos li ib tug kev faib ua feem. Tus nqi ntawm cov pa uas nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ib nrab n (CO2). Qhov no raws li nram no los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias 0.5 moles / tus nas ntawm 1 = x / 2. Ib tug yooj yim piv ntawm ob qhov tseem ceeb pab tau ua tus kab zauv. Thaum peb nrhiav x = 1, peb yuav tau txais ib lo lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas nrhiav tau qhov loj.

5. Yeej muaj tseeb yuav pib yuav tau nco qab lwm mis: m = M * n. Qhov kawg nce mus nce los pom, tab sis yuav ua li cas nrog M? Hniav puas loj - yog experimentally teem txheeb ze rau hydrogen. Nws yog denoted los ntawm tsab ntawv M. Tam sim no peb paub tias m (CO2) = 12 g / mol * 1 tias = '12 ntawd tau txais cov lus teb. Raws li koj tau pom, muaj yog tsis muaj dab tsi nyuaj.

Qhov no ua hauj lwm yog heev yooj yim rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm lwm tus neeg. Tab sis lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - mus to taub yuav ua li cas nrhiav tau qhov loj. Xav txog tej yam ib tug qauv ntawm ib yam khoom. Nws tau ntev tau paub hais tias cov mole muaj 6 * 10 ^ 23 molecules. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub periodic rooj caij muaj ntsia hnyav ib 1 mol. Tej zaum nws yog tsim nyog los mus laij lub hniav puas loj ntawm lub substance. Piv txwv M (H20) = 18 grams / tus nas. Hais tias yog, hydrogen molecule muaj M = 1 gram / mol. Tab sis cov dej muaj ob atoms ntawm H. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov qab txog lub xub ntiag ntawm oxygen, uas muab rau peb ib tug ntxiv 16 grams. Summing li, peb tau 18 grams / tus nas.

Lub theoretical loj muab xam yuav tom qab yuav ntawm kev siv tswv yim. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam uas yuav ib tug tshuaj rhiav. Tsis txhob ntshai ntawm cov lo lus, yog hais tias koj kawm nyob rau hauv uas tsis yog-tub ntxhais kawm ntawv. Tiam sis yog tias Science News for KIDS - koj profile kawm, nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob khiav tswv yim. Yog li ntawd, tam sim no koj paub yuav ua li cas nrhiav tau qhov loj. Nco ntsoov hais tias nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS qho tseem ceeb heev yuav tsum tau zoo ib yam thiab siab txiv neej uas tsis tau tsuas paub ib co algorithms, tab sis kuj paub yuav ua li cas siv lawv.