"Pinocchio," "Tus nag xob nag cua," "twister," "Typhoon": ib tug system salvo. Hauj lwm thiab cov yam ntxwv

Vim lub txuas ntxiv clashes nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb no TV cov ntxaij vab tshaus lossi tshaj tawm hauv xov xov xwm ntawm ib tug hotspot. Thiab heev feem ntau hnov disturbing ceeb toom ntawm sib ntaus sib tua, thaum lub sij hawm uas muaj kev koom muaj ntau yam ntau yam community launch foob pob ua ntxaij tshuab (MLRS). Ib tug txiv neej nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev koom tes nrog cov tub rog los yog cov tub rog, nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau taw kev nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov tub rog cov khoom, yog li nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb piav qhia txog nyob rau hauv kom meej lub txiv neej nyob rau hauv txoj kev txog lub machines ntawm txoj kev tuag, xws li:

• Heavy ognemotnaya system nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub tank (CBT) - ntau lub community launch foob pob ua ntxaij system "Pinocchio" (tsis tshua muaj siv, tab sis zoo heev ua tsov rog).
• Ntau lub community launch foob pob ua ntxaij tshuab (MLRS) "Grad" - lug siv riam phom uas huab hwm coj puas tsuaj.
• Modernize thiab txhim kho cov "tus muam" MLRS "Grad" - reactive pov-hluav taws tshuab (MLRS) "Tornado-G" (uas rau hauv xov xwm thiab zoo tib yam cov pej xeem yog feem ntau xa mus rau raws li "Typhoon" rau kev siv nyob rau hauv ib tug kev sib ntaus los lub tsheb chassis ntawm lub tsheb, "Typhoon").
• Ntau lub community launch foob pob ua ntxaij system (MLRS) "Nag xob nag cua" - ib tug haib tshaj riam phom nrog ib tug loj voos kheej-kheej ntawm kev txiav txim, siv rau ntaus yuav luag txhua lub hom phiaj.
• Uas muaj tsis muaj analogues nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, tshwj xeeb, yuav ua tau rau awe thiab thov rau tag nrho cov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm ntau yam community launch foob pob ua ntxaij system (MLRS) "twister."

"Pinocchio" los ntawm ib tug phem fairy taleas

Nyob rau hauv lub kuj nyob deb 1971, nyob rau hauv lub USSR, lub engineers ntawm lub "Tsim Bureau of Thauj Machinery", nyob rau hauv Omsk, hais lwm masterpiece ntawm cov tub rog lub hwj chim. Nws yog ib tug tawv ognemotnaya system ntawm pov hluav taws "Pinocchio" (TOSZO). Txoj kev tsim thiab txoj kev txhim kho tom ntej ntawm no complex ognemotnogo khaws cia classified raws li "saum toj daim card". Kev loj hlob ntawd kub ntev li rau 9 xyoo, thiab nyob rau hauv 1980 nqe ntaus rog system, uas yog ib yam ntawm cov tandem T-72 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab launcher nrog 24 runners, yog thaum kawg pom zoo thiab xa mus rau lub Armed Forces ntawm lub Soviet Army.

"Pinocchio": daim ntawv thov

TOSZO "Pinocchio" yog siv rau riam phom thiab puas tsuaj:

• tus nrog sib ntaus khoom (tshwj tsis yog armored);
• high-sawv vaj tse thiab lwm yam kev siv tej yaam num;
• ntau yam tiv thaiv lug;
• manpower.

MRL (TOC) "Pinocchio": piav qhia

Raws li ntau lub community launch foob pob ua ntxaij tshuab "Grad" thiab "Uragan" TOSZO "Pinocchio" twb xub siv nyob rau hauv Afghanistan thiab lub thib ob Chechen tsov rog. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm 2014, xws tsov rog machines muaj cov tub rog rog ntawm Russia, Iraq, Kazakhstan thiab Azerbaijan.

ntau lub community launch foob pob ua ntxaij system, "Pinocchio" muaj cov yam ntxwv:

• Nyhav CBT nrog ib tug tag nrho cov ntau yam ntawm kev sib ntaus los yog hais txog 46 tons.
• Qhov ntev ntawm "Pinocchio" - 6,86 m, dav - 3,46 m, qhov siab - 2.6 meters.
• caliber zoo li yog 220 hli (22 cm).
• Siv rau firing rockets uncontrolled, uas tsis tau tshuaj tom qab lawv muab.
• Feem ntau cov shooting deb - 13.6 kilometers.
• Qhov siab tshaj plaws cheeb tsam ntawm kev raug mob tom qab ua ib tug pov - 4 hectares.
• Cov nab npawb ntawm cov nqi thiab cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau - 24 daim.
• Sighting pov ua los ntawm lub tsheb tav xis ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb hluav taws tswj system uas muaj xws li laser ntau finder thiab qhov pom, yob sensor, thiab ballistic computer.
• Zoo li mus ua kom tiav ROSZO tom qab siv bursts ua los ntawm thauj thiab them (TRV) machines 9T234-2 qauv uas muaj crane thiab loader ntaus ntawv.
• Khiav "Pinocchio" 3 cov neeg.

Raws li yuav pom los ntawm cov yam ntxwv, tsuas yog ib pov ntawm "Pinocchio" yog tau hloov 4 hectares nyob rau hauv ib tug blazing inferno. Impressive lub hwj chim, tsis yog nws?

Nag lossis daus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm "Tsev fuabtais"

Nyob rau hauv 1960, lub monopoly ntawm lub USSR rau zus tau tej cov ntau foob pob ua ntxaij launchers thiab lwm yam riam phom uas huab hwm coj puas tsuaj NGO "Alloy" launched lwm daim card project, thiab tau pib tsim ib tug kiag li tshiab nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm MLRS "Grad". Corrections ntawd kub ntev li 3 xyoos, thiab nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Army MLRS tuaj nyob rau hauv 1963, tab sis hais tias tsis tau nres kev txhim kho nws, nws tseem mus txog rau thaum xyoo 1988.

"Grad": daim ntawv thov

Raws li MLRS "Nag xob nag cua" ntau foob pob ua ntxaij launchers "Grad" tau qhia nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib ntaus zoo li ntawd, tau hais tias, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm nws "advanced muaj hnub nyoog", tseem yuav tau lug siv niaj hnub no. "Tsev fuabtais" yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm ib tug heev impressive feem rau:

• artillery roj teeb;
• tej tub rog cov khoom, xws li armored;
• manpower;
• hais kom ua posts;
• tub rog thiab muaj cov chaw;
• Anti-aircraft tshuab.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub armed forces ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, lub system ntawm reactive pov hluav taws "Grad" muaj nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam ntawm luag tag nrho cov teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, xws li yuav luag tag nrho cov continents ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Qhov loj tshaj tus naj npawb ntawm kev sib ntaus los tsheb ntawm no hom nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, Hungary, Sudan, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Vietnam, Bulgaria, lub teb chaws Yelemees, Tim lyiv teb chaws, Is Nrias teb, Kazakhstan, Iran, Cuba, Yemen. Pov-hluav taws tshuab Ukraine kuj muaj 90 chav nyob ntawm "Tsev fuabtais".

MLRS "Grad": piav qhia

Ntau lub community launch foob pob ua ntxaij tshuab "Grad" muaj cov nram qab no cov yam ntxwv:

• Tag nrho cov luj ntawm lub MLRS "Grad", npaj txhij rau sib ntaus sib tua thiab ukompletovannoy tag nrho projectiles - 13.7 tons.
• Length MRL - 7,35 meters, dav - 2.4 meters, lub siab - 3,09 m.
• caliber zoo li yog 122 millimeters (me ntsis ntau tshaj li 12 cm).
• Siv rau firing rockets yooj yim caliber ntawm 122 hli, raws li zoo raws li shrapnel blasting heev projectiles, tshuaj, caws nplaum thiab haus luam yeeb warhead.
• Firing ntau MLRS "Grad" - los ntawm 4 mus rau 42 kis lus mev.
• Qhov siab tshaj plaws cheeb tsam ntawm kev raug mob tom qab ua ib tug pov - 14.5 hectares.
• Cov nab npawb ntawm cov nqi thiab cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau - 40 daim.
• Ib salvo yuav siv sij hawm xwb 20 vib nas this.
• Tag nrho xwb hloov lwm lub tsev MRL "Grad" ntev li 7 feeb.
• Ib tug reactive system yog nyob rau hauv lub deployed txoj hauj lwm los ntawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 3.5 feeb.
• Recharging lub MRL tsuas yog tau nrog cov kev siv kev thauj-them cov cav tov.
• Qhov pom yog pom tau hais los ntawm txoj kev phom panorama.
• Khiav "Tsev fuabtais" 3 cov neeg.

"Grad" - ib tug system ntawm ntau yam foob pob ua ntxaij launchers, tus yam ntxwv uas nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm yog lub siab tshaj plaws tau nyob rau hauv cov tub rog. Rau tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm nws lub neej nws twb siv nyob rau hauv lub Afghan tsov ua rog, nyob rau hauv clashes nruab nrab Azerbaijan thiab Nagorno-Karabakh, nyob rau hauv ob Chechen kev tsov kev rog, thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog nyob rau hauv Libya, South Ossetia thiab Syria, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub civil tsov rog nyob rau hauv lub Donbass (Ukraine), tsoo tawm nyob rau hauv 2014 xyoo.

Ceeb toom! Nce "Tornado"

"Tornado-G" (raws li tau teev los saum no, lub MRL yog tej zaum hu ua erroneously "Typhoon", li ntawd rau kom yooj yim, ntawm no yog cov ob lub npe) - lub system ntawm pov hluav taws, uas yog ib tug modernized version ntawm lub MLRS "Grad". Nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm no haib hybrid ua hauj lwm tsim engineers tsob nroj "Fusion". "Development pib nyob rau hauv 1990 thiab ntawd kub ntev li yim xyoo. Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm tau thiab lub hwj chim ntawm lub reactive system pom nyob rau hauv 1998 nyob rau hauv cov kev cob qhia hauv av ze ntawm Orenburg, tom qab uas nws tau txiav txim siab los tseem ntxiv txhim kho lub MRL. nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau zaum kawg tshwm sim, developers tau kev zoo dua "Tornado-G" ( "Typhoon") tshaj tom ntej 5 xyoo. pov-hluav taws muaj tau qhab nia rau mus rau lub caj npab ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation nyob rau hauv 2013. ntawm no taw tes nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, qhov no sib ntaus sib tua m Lub tsheb no tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab nrog lub Lavxias teb sab "Tornado-G" ( "Typhoon") -. System salvo, uas yog tshwj xeeb nyob qhov twg.

"Tornado": daim ntawv thov

MLRS yog siv nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua los tuav xws hom phiaj raws li:

• artillery;
• tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov yeeb ncuab;
• tub rog thiab muaj cov chaw;
• antiaircraft ceg.

MLRS "Tornado-G" ( "Typhoon"): hauj lwm

"Tornado-G" ( "Typhoon") - ib tug system ntawm ntau yam foob pob ua ntxaij launchers, uas yog vim muaj cov muaj zog muaj peev xwm ntawm cov mos txwv, ntau ntev ntau thiab ua-nyob rau hauv satellite kev taw qhia system tau surpassed nws thiaj li hu ua "tus niam laus" - MLRS "Grad" - 3 lub sij hawm.

nta:

• Nyhav MRL nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teeb yog 15,1 tons.
• Length "Tornado-T" - 7,35 meters, dav - 2.4 meters, lub siab - 3 meters.
• caliber zoo li yog 122 millimeters (12.2 cm).
• MLRS "Tornado-G" yog universal nyob rau hauv hais tias, sib nrug los ntawm yooj yim zoo li MLRS "Grad", koj yuav tau siv ib tug tshiab tiam ntawm cov mos txwv nrog detachable kev sib ntaus los cumulative hais, sau nrog exploding pawg hais, raws li tau zoo raws li high-heev zoo li.
• Ntau toj roob hauv pes tua nyob rau hauv dej siab tej yam kev mob yog 100 kis lus mev.
• Qhov siab tshaj plaws cheeb tsam twb puas lawm tom qab ua ib tug pov - 14.5 hectares.
• Cov nab npawb ntawm cov nqi thiab cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau - 40 daim.
• Qhov pom yog ua los ntawm txhais tau tias ntawm ob peb hydraulic actuators.
• Ib salvo ua rau 20 vib nas this.
• Tuag tshuab yog npaj txhij mus ua hauj lwm rau 6 feeb.
• Tua yog ua ntawm tej thaj chaw deb unit (Du) thiab tag nrho cia li hluav taws kub tswj system yog tsis muaj tsev nyob rau hauv lub cockpit.
• Neeg coob - 2 tus neeg.

Liamhim "Nag xob nag cua"

Raws li tshwm sim nrog rau feem ntau ntawm MRL, zaj dab neeg "Nag xob nag cua" pib nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, thiab ntau yeej, nyob rau hauv 1957. "Txiv" MLRS "Nag xob nag cua" yog Ganichev Alexander Nikitivich thiab Kalachnikov Yuri Nikolaevich. Ntxiv mus, cov thawj tsim cov system nws tus kheej, thiab lub thib ob tsim ib tug sib ntaus sib tua lub tshuab.

"Nag xob nag cua": daim ntawv thov

MLRS "Nag xob nag cua" yog tsim los mus ua txhaum li xws hom phiaj raws li:

• artillery roj teeb;
• tej yeeb ncuab cuab yeej xws li armored;
• nyob quab yuam;
• tag nrho cov hom ntawm kev tsim kho chaw;
• anti-aircraft missile systems;
• tactical cuaj luaj.

MLRS "Nag xob nag cua": piav qhia

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm, "Nag xob nag cua" siv nyob rau hauv lub Afghan kev tsov kev rog. Nws yog hais tias lub Mujahideen mus rau ib tug faint ntshai hais tias MRL thiab txawm muab nws lub txaus ntshai lub npe menyuam yaus - "Shaitan-yeeb".

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ntau yam community launch foob pob ua ntxaij system, "Nag xob nag cua", tus yam ntxwv uas ua rau cov tub rog hwm, mus xyuas lub clashes nyob rau hauv South Africa. Hais tias yog dab tsi rau cov tub rog spodviglo av loj neeg Asmeskas mus ua uas nyob rau hauv lub MLRS.

Thaum lub caij no MRL yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab nyob rau hauv xws lub teb chaws raws li: Zog ntawm Guj kuj, Ukraine, Afghanistan, Czech koom pheej, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Belarus, Poland, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Yemen, Kyrgyzstan, Guinea, Syria, Tajikistan, Eritrea, Slovakia.

ntau foob pob ua ntxaij launchers "Nag xob nag cua" muaj cov yam ntxwv:

• MRL Nyhav siab loaded thiab nyob rau hauv ntawv - 20 tons.
• Qhov ntev ntawm lub "Nag xob nag cua" - 9,63 m, dav - 2.8 meters, qhov siab - 3.225 meters.
• caliber zoo li yog 220 hli (22 cm). Koj siv tau zoo li nrog ib tug monolithic high-heev warhead, nrog high-heev Cheebtsam, nrog anti-tank thiab anti-neeg mines.
• Firing ntau ntawm 8-35 kilometers.
• Qhov siab tshaj plaws lesion cheeb tsam tom qab ua ib tug pov - 29 hectares.
• Cov nab npawb ntawm cov nqi thiab cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau - 16 daim rau koj tus kheej ntawm cov muaj peev xwm ua tig 240 degrees.
• Ib salvo ua nyob rau hauv 30 vib nas this.
• Tag nrho cov recharging MLRS "Nag xob nag cua" kav txog 15 feeb.
• Sib ntaus sib tua tshuab mus rau hauv firing txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cia li 3 feeb.
• Recharging lub MRL no tsuas tau thaum interacting nrog TK-tshuab.
• Shooting yog ua li cas yog los ntawm kev siv ib tug portable tej thaj chaw deb tswj los yog ncaj qha los ntawm lub cockpit.
• Cov neeg coob ntawm 6 tus neeg.

Raws li zoo raws li ntau yam foob pob ua ntxaij launchers "Smerch", "Nag xob nag cua" ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tej tub rog ib puag ncig, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub rooj plaub thaum tus nrog sib ntaus siv nuclear, bacteriological los yog tshuaj riam phom. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ua yog tau khiav lag luam ntawm txhua lub sij hawm, txawm yog yus lub caij thiab kub hloov mus hloov los. "Nag xob nag cua" muaj peev xwm mus kom koom nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus los ob lub txias txias (-40 ° C), thiab thaum exhausting thaum tshav kub kub ntawm lub (+ 50 ° C). Cov lo lus uas peb MLRS "Nag xob nag cua" yuav tsum xa los ntawm hiav txwv, cov pa los rail.

Cov "Smerch"

ntau foob pob ua ntxaij launchers "Smerch", tus yam ntxwv uas yog superior rau tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm MRL nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv 1986 thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov kev pab rau cov tub rog rog ntawm lub USSR nyob rau hauv 1989. Nyob rau hauv no haib tuag tshuab rau no ib hnub muaj tsis muaj analogues nyob rau hauv ib yam ntawm cov teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

"Tornado": daim ntawv thov

Qhov no MRL yog tsis tshua muaj siv, mas rau tag nrho cov kev puas tsuaj:

• artillery roj teeb ntawm tag nrho cov hom;
• kiag li tej tub rog cov khoom;
• manpower;
• kev sib txuas lus chaw zov me nyuam thiab hais kom posts;
• siv tej yaam num, nrog rau cov tub rog thiab muaj;
• zenith ceg.

MLRS "Smerch": piav qhia

MLRS "Smerch" yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov tub rog ntawm Russia, Ukraine, UAE, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Turkmenistan, Georgia, Algeria, Venezuela, Peru, Tuam Tshoj, Georgia, Kuwait.

ntau foob pob ua ntxaij launchers "Smerch" muaj cov yam ntxwv:

• Nyhav MRL yog lawm thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug kev sib ntaus los qhov teeb meem - 43.7 tons.
• Qhov ntev ntawm lub "Cyclone" - 12.1 m, dav - 3.05 m, qhov siab - 3.59 meters.
• zoo li caliber yog impressive - 300 millimeters.
• Siv rau firing rockets pawg nrog kev tswj chav tsev thiab ib qho ntxiv lub cev muaj zog uas adjusts lub xwb kev taw qhia mus rau lub hom phiaj. Lub hom phiaj ntawm tus neeg zoo li tej zaum yuav sib txawv: los ntawm fragmentation rau kub thiab siab.
• Ze firing MLRS "twister" - los ntawm 20 mus rau 120 kis lus mev.
• Qhov siab tshaj plaws cheeb tsam ntawm kev raug mob tom qab ua ib tug pov - 67,2 hectares.
• Cov nab npawb ntawm cov nqi thiab cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau - 12 daim.
• Ib salvo ua rau 38 vib nas this.
• Tag nrho yuav retrofitted MRL "twister" zoo li kav txog 20 feeb.
• Yuav kom tshwj kom txhob exploits "Smerch" yog npaj txhij rau ib tug tshaj plaws ntawm 3 feeb.
• Rov qab MRL yog xwb nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog TK-tshuab nruab nrog ib tug crane thiab cov coupons qhov ntaus ntawv.
• Cov neeg coob ntawm 3 cov neeg.

MLRS "twister" - qhov no yog qhov zoo meej riam phom uas huab hwm coj puas tsuaj uas yuav ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua kub tej yam kev mob, hnub thiab hmo ntuj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov neeg zoo li raug rho tawm haujlwm MLRS "Smerch", ntog mas, li no yooj yim rhuav rooftops thiab armored tsheb. Kev khiav tawm lub "Smerch" yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua, MLRS Burns thiab txav txhua yam nyob rau hauv nws lub vojvoog ntawm kev txiav txim. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no tsis yog lub hwj chim ntawm ib tug nuclear foob pob, tab sis tseem yog ib tug neeg uas yog tswv lub "Tornado", yus tus kheej li lub ntiaj teb no.

Lub tswv yim ntawm "lub ntiaj teb no kaj siab lug" - nws yog ib tug npau suav. Thiab ntev li ntev raws li muaj MRL, unattainable ...