Ncua sij hawm - Yuav ua li cas yog hais tias? Lus Txhais. "Tshiab Chronology" Fomenko thiab G. Nosovskiy

Lub keeb kwm ntawm noob neej yeej ib txwm xav nws understatement. Cov laus ib yam fact, qhov ntau nws cov hauj lwm ntawm speculation thiab inaccuracies. Ntawm lwm yam, ntxiv rau cov tib neeg zoo tshaj thiab qhov kev txaus siab ntawm lub rulers.

Nws yog nyob rau tej chaw hauv av thiab tsim ib tug "tshiab chronology". Yuav ua li cas yog tshwj xeeb txog no ziag no, do li lub ib thooj ntawm cov kev kawm ntawv?

Yuav ua li cas yog lub chronology?

Ua ntej peb yuav tham txog uas tsis yog-txwm ceg nyob rau hauv keeb kwm kev kawm, yog los mus txiav txim yog dab tsi lub chronology nyob rau hauv lub classic kev txiav txim zoo.

Yog li ntawd, chronology - ib tug pab science uas tseem ua hauj lwm nrog ntau yam.

Ua ntej, nws txiav txim thaum muaj ib tug tshwm sim.

Secondly, raws li cov theem zuj zus thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm qhov teeb meem rau ib tug linear scale ntawm xyoo.

Nws yog muab faib ua ob peb departments - astronomical, geological thiab keeb kwm chronology.

Txhua yam ntawm cov departments nws muaj nws tus kheej txheej sib tam txoj kev thiab kev tshawb fawb. Cov no muaj xws tus piv ntawm daim qhia hnub hli ntawm txawv haiv neeg, radiocarbon sib tam, thermoluminescent txoj kev, obsidian co sib tam, stratigraphy, dendrochronology, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Hais tias yog, tus classical chronology ua ib theem zuj zus ntawm cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug kev tshawb fawb no. Nws koom qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm zaum los ntawm ntau cov cheeb tsam thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-pov thawj ntawm qhov tseeb ua zaum kawg kev txiav txim.

Cia saib nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm lwm yam teeb meem tsa ntxov. Leej twg yog Fomenko, Nosovskiĭ? "Tshiab Chronology" - ib tug pseudo-science los yog ib lo lus tshiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm tib neeg keeb kwm?

Keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm

Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, lub hom phiaj, tus sau phau ntawv uas yog Fomenko, Nosovskiĭ ( "Tshiab Chronology"), raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb thiab cov lus teb, N. A. Morozova. Cov yav tas, ua nyob rau hauv lub tsev rau txim nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, ua ib tug muab xam los ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm cov hnub qub, hais nyob rau hauv lub Apocalypse. Raws li nws nws nyob ntawd phau ntawv no yog sau nyob rau hauv lub plaub xyoo pua AD. Tsis yog ib tug me ntsis txaj muag, nws hais tias qhov kev dag nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntiaj teb.

Tus sau phau ntawv ntawm "Tshiab Chronology" predecessors Morozova ntseeg Garduena Jesuit thiab physicist Isaaka Nyutona, uas kuj sim mus rau rethink thiab txheeb peev lub keeb kwm ntawm noob neej.

Ua ntej, raws li nyob rau hauv philological paub, kuv sim los ua pov thawj hais tias tag nrho cov ancient cov ntaub ntawv sau nyob rau hauv cov Nrab Hnub nyoog. Newton tseem kawm rau ancient keeb kwm. Nws suav lub xyoo ntawm lub reign ntawm lub Pharaohs rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm Manetho. Judging los ntawm cov kev tshwm sim ntawm nws kev tshawb fawb, keeb kwm ntiaj teb tau shrunk los ntawm ntau tshaj peb millennia.

Rau xws li "innovators" kuj yuav ntaus nqi Edvina Dzhonsona thiab Robert Baldauf uas sib cav hais tias tib neeg yog tsis ntau tshaj li ib ob peb puas xyoo.

Yog li ntawd Morozov yuav siv sij hawm kiag li zoo heev nuj nqis uas mus pib nws chronology. Yuav ua li cas yog ib txhiab xyoo yav dhau los? Tswvyim hais ua dabneeg! Pob zeb Hnub Nyoog - qhov no kuv pua AD, lub thib ob xyoo pua - lub era ntawm bronze, peb - cov muaj hnub nyoog hlau. Neb tsis paub? Tom qab tag nrho, keeb kwm qhov chaw rigged nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub sij hawm!

Cia wb mus ze zog saib no txawv txawv kev tshawb xav thiab saib nyob rau hauv nws refutation.

fundamentals

Raws li Fomenko, "Tshiab Chronology" yog txawv los ntawm cov tsoos nyob rau hauv hais tias nws yog dawb ntawm kev dag thiab kev ua yuam kev. Nws lub ntsiab cai, xws li xwb tsib postulates.

Firstly, ntau dua los yog tsawg yuav suav hais tias siv tau tsuas yog tom qab sau qhov chaw ntawm lub xyoo pua. Ua ntej no, los ntawm lub xyoo pua eleventh rau hauv tej hauj lwm yuav tsum tau kho nrog ceev faj. Thiab mus txog rau thaum lub kaum xyoo pua, cov neeg tsis paub yuav ua li cas sau ntawv.

Tag nrho cov archaeological cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau txhais raws li ib tug soj ntsuam xav li cuab keeb kwm muaj nqis, lawv tsis muaj.

Secondly, cov nyob sab Europe daim ntawv qhia hnub yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub thib kaum tsib caug xyoo. Ua ntej no, txhua lub teb chaws tau nws tus kheej daim ntawv qhia hnub thiab taw tes ntawm keeb kwm. Los ntawm cov creation ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, los ntawm cov dej nyab, los ntawm cov me nyuam yug los yog qaum mus rau lub zwm txwv ntawm tus kav ...
Qhov no daim ntawv qhia tshwm sim los ntawm qhov no tswv yim sib cav.

Peb, keeb kwm ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm cov keeb kwm, treatises thiab lwm yam hauj lwm ntawm godless sib tshooj. Yog li, lub chronology Nosovskiy cav tias feem ntau ntawm cov txheej xwm coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ancient keeb kwm ntawm thaum ntxov Nrab Hnub nyoog los yog tom qab ntawd. Tab sis vim yog lub mismatch ntawm daim qhia hnub hli thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm reference nyob rau hauv tus neeg txhais lus, cov ntaub ntawv yog tsis zoo kho thiab keeb kwm udrevnyalas.

Tsoos chronology tsis ncaj ncees lawm hnub nyoog oriental civilizations thiab ib tug taw tes ntawm reference cov keeb kwm ntawm noob neej. Judging los ntawm yav dhau los postulate, Tuam Tshoj thiab Is Nrias teb yuav tsis suav ntau tshaj li ib txhiab xyoo yav dhau los.

Cov yav tas kev yog nyob rau hauv tus tib neeg lub ceeb thiab cov kev cog lus ntawm cov tsoom fwv yuav legitimize lawv tus kheej. Hais tias Fomenko, sau chronology ntawm txhua txoj cai nyob rau hauv nws, thiab cov laus cov ntaub ntawv yog erased los yog puas lawm. Yog li ntawd, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom to taub lub keeb kwm. Qhov tshaj plaws xwb uas yuav tau cia siab rau thaum, yog yuav "ntawd ploj los yog fwm tawg tsam." Cov no muaj xws maps, cov nplooj ntawv sib txawv ntawm cov keeb kwm thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, lees tias cov kev tshawb xav.

Lub sib cav raws li nyob rau hauv phau ntawv

Lub ntsiab pov thawj nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yog "far-fetched" likeness ntawm plaub keeb kwm eras thiab cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv lub annals ntawm repeatability.

Ntsiab sij hawm yog 330 xyoo, 1050 thiab 1800. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj noj tam sim ntawd los ntawm cov medieval txheej xwm yog tus naj npawb ntawm xyoo peb khiav mus rau hauv tag nrho cov ua raws li qhov teeb meem.

Los ntawm no yog muab tau los lub coincidence ntawm txawv keeb kwm nuj nqis, uas, raws li Fomenko tus txoj kev xav, yog ib tug thiab tib tug neeg.

Nyob rau hauv xws cov lus xaus tom lub chronology ntawm Ukraine, Russia thiab cov teb chaws Europe. Feem ntau cov contradictory qhov chaw yog tsis quav ntsej los yog tshaj tawm hais tias ib tug ntawv cuav.

astronomical txoj kev

Thaum tsis sib haum thej nyob rau hauv tej yam kev kawm, sim nyiam cov uas nrhiav tau ntawm lwm yam kev sciences.

Raws li Fomenko, "Tshiab Chronology" zoo heev check thiab ua pov thawj nws postulates siv ancient astronomical maps. Los ntawm kev kawm cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog repelled los ntawm cov dab noj hnub (hnub ci thiab daim), mention ntawm comets thiab, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov duab ntawm lub txhiaj txiv mim uas.

Lub ntsiab qhov chaw, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov pov thawj, yog lub "Almagest". Qhov no treatise, uas yog Alexandrian Klavdiy Ptolemey nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub thib ob xyoo pua AD. Tab sis Fomenko, tom qab kev kawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov hnub nws mus rau plaub puas xyoo tom qab, uas yog tsawg kawg yog tus thib rau caug xyoo.

Nws yog noteworthy tias nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua pov thawj cov kev tshawb xav ntawm lub "Almagest" twb npaum li cas tsuas yog yim hnub qub (txawm hais tias tus ntawv kaw ntau tshaj li ib txhiab). Tsuas yog cov no twb tshaj tawm hais tias "txoj cai", thiab tus so - "forged".

Lub ntsiab pov thawj ntawm cov kev tshawb xav ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm eclipses ua hauj lwm pab Libya sau ntawv hais txog cov kev Peloponnesian ua tsov ua rog. Muaj muaj teev peb los: ob hnub ci thiab ib daim dab noj hnub.

Lub catch yog tias Tit Livy sau txog cov txheej xwm nyob rau tag nrho ceg av qab teb, thiab hais tias "lub hnub yuav pom lub hnub qub." Hais tias yog, tus dab noj hnub yog tag nrho. Judging los ntawm lwm qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv Athens nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm cai ib nrab dab noj hnub.

Raws li cov ntawm no lub inaccuracy, Fomenko cav hais tias tag nrho cov kev ua raws cai nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Libya tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub thib kaum ib xyoo pua AD. Vim li no, nws cia li hloov tag nrho ancient keeb kwm thiab ib tug ib nrab millennia tuaj.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lub ib thooj ntawm cov txhiaj txiv mim uas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv coincides nrog cov "tsoos" zaj dabneeg, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub chronology ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, lawv yuav tsis siv tau. Tag nrho cov qhov chaw yuav tshaj tawm hais tias yuav tsum "doctored" nyob rau hauv cov Nrab Hnub nyoog.

Pov thawj los ntawm lwm yam sciences

Yog unfounded accusations tiv thaiv dendrological Novgorod scale, uas twb paub tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv txhiab txhiab tus piv txwv. Group Fomenko ntseeg hais tias cov ntaub ntawv no haum nyob rau hauv falsified keeb kwm.

Nyob rau lwm cov tes, yog nyob rau hauv nres radiocarbon tsom xam. Tab sis cov nqe lus nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw nyob inconsistent. Qhov no txoj kev tag nrho cov thoob lub erroneous tas li ntawd lub sij hawm, thaum lawv soj ntsuam cov hnub nyoog ntawm cov Shroud of Turin. Nws yog ces hais tias txhua yam yog "ua kom raug thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntseeg zoo."

Nyob rau dab tsi "ntseeg" raws li "Tshiab Chronology"

Cia peb kawm saib, dab tsi ntxiv kab Fomenko yog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tsoos science. Lub ntsiab tawm tsam yog keeb kwm kev tshawb fawb txoj kev. Thiab feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim sib cav "ob kev cai." Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kawm science los yog tias txoj kev yog hais tias falsification cov kiv cua raws li "Tshiab Chronology" Nws yog ib lub xwb yog ib tug.

Tus thawj xav phem cais tsis raug chronology phau ntawv. Raws li cov lus sau ntawm historians, Vaj Keeb Kwm thiab sib ua hauj lwm Fomenko thiab Morozov tsim nws kev tshawb xav. Tab sis lab ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ntawm tej yam yooj yim ntawv, ua lag ua luam ntaub ntawv thiab lwm yam "nrov" nkag yog tsis quav ntsej li.

"Scaliger" sib tam abolished vim txoj kev siv cov astrology, thiab tus so ntawm tus neeg tshawb fawb tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account.

Feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm hais tias fake. Xws li ib tug kev txiav txim yog ua raws li qhov tseeb hais tias tsis yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub caij nyoog nruab nrab ntawm lub ancient. Raws li cov npe hu falsifications tshwm thesis txog lub unreliability ntawm tag nrho cov phau ntawv, "supposedly tsim los mid-thawj Millennium."

Tab sis lub ntsiab pov thawj los luj rau ntawm uas pib "Tshiab Chronology" Fomenko Nosovskiĭ thiab tsim kom muaj nyob rau hauv cov kev cai sib thooj ntawm Antiquity thiab lub Renaissance.

Txheej xwm thaum ntxov Nrab Hnub nyoog, thaum nws twb tsis nco qab lawm los ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov ancient paub, yog hais tias dev paus thiab tseeb. Group Fomenko neeg pab leg ntaubntawv hais tias muaj yog ib co pov thawj lub illogic ntawm xws li ib tug qauv.

Firstly, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau "tsis nco qab" thiab ces cia li "nco ntsoov" tag nrho qhov chaw ntawm scientific kev txawj ntse.

Ob, nws txhais tau hais tias "restore" cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb centuries dhau los? Khaws cia rau hauv txoj kev paub yuav tsum yuav kev cov tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas cov ntaub ntawv no kis tau los ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv rau me nyuam kawm ntawv.

Los ntawm cov lus nws yog xaus lus tias tus keeb kwm tag nrho ntawm antiquity - nws cia li artificially ancientizing medieval txheej xwm.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav nyob rau hauv lub chronology ntawm cov pab pawg neeg Fomenko Lavxias teb sab. Los ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntxiv txog lub liam uas twb muaj lawm medieval faj tim teb chaws "Lavxias teb sab khans", uas them tag nrho cov ntawm Eurasia.

general scientific thuam

Ib tug ntau ntawm kws tshawb fawb tsis pom zoo nrog rau cov postulates muab rau pem hauv ntej los ntawm lub "Tshiab Chronology". Yuav ua li cas yog, piv txwv li, "poob tsis ncaj ncees lawm kev theories"? Nws hloov tawm hais tias tsuas Fomenko, raws li nyob rau hauv lub sau ntawv Morozov twg muaj tus "muaj tseeb" kev txawj ntse.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws muaj peb yam uas yuav heev tsis meej pem los ntawm tej yam meej pem tus neeg.

Firstly, tsis tau tsoos chronology, pab neeg no Fomenko li effaces tag nrho cov sciences nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, uas yog kov paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm kev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv. Hais tias yog, linguists, archaeologists, numismatists, geologists, anthropologists thiab lwm yam kws txawj kiag li dawb huv tsis to taub, tab sis tsuas yog lawv muaj lawv hypothesis, raws li nyob rau hauv lub erroneous cov lus.

Qhov thib ob qhov teeb meem yog cov khees inconsistencies nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw. Peb yuav tau tham txog lub hnub nyoog, kom paub meej tias hauv daim ntawv qhia ntawm lub ntuj yog txawv kiag li lub sij hawm. Yog li, tag nrho cov lus tseeb yog tom kom tus yam ncej.

Lawv kuj muaj xws li ib tug mismatch supposedly "repetitive" keeb kwm nuj nqis. Piv txwv li, Solomon tus ntawd yog Xixas - nws yog ib tug thiab cov tib neeg, raws li "Tshiab Chronology". Yuav ua li cas yog plaub caug xyoo ntawm tus thawj plaub tiv thaiv lub thib ob rau cov sau? Yog tsis yog tib yam? Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua falsified!

Qhov kawg yog vim li cas, muab qhov no kev tshawb xav li pseudoscience, yog raws li nram no. Raws li tus heev heev "kho", nws zoo nkaus li tias muaj ib tug thoob ntiaj teb kev koom tes "yog tsis meej-of-haiv neeg", uas yuav sau dua tshiab ntawm daim card txoj kev lub keeb kwm ntawm noob neej. Thiab nws tau ua nyob rau hauv cov Nrab Hnub nyoog thiab sij hawm niaj hnub, thaum muaj ib lub tsim ntawm lub xeev thiab tej zej zog thiab lub consolidation yog tsis rau lo lus nug.

Qhov kawg uas frankly zoo siab heev lub scientific lub zej lub zos, muaj yog ib tug meej nres rau ntawm kev kawm professionalism. Yog hais tias koj suav cov kev tshawb xav ntawm "Tshiab Chronology" muaj tseeb tiag, nws zoo nkaus li tias tag nrho cov kws tshawb fawb yog cia li ua si nyob rau hauv lub sandbox thiab tsis to taub txawm yooj yim tej yam. Tsis hais txiav txim siab zoo.

Yog vim li cas outraged astronomers

Lub ntsiab stumbling block yog tus "Almagest". Yog hais tias peb tau muab pov tseg rau sawv daws lub hnub qub, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb xav ntawm Fomenko (lawv muaj peev xwm tsis tsum sau hnub tim los ntawm ib tug), tau ib daim duab, siab coincides nrog cov tus tsoos.

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov nees nkaum-thawj ib puas xyoo recount zog ntawm lub teeb nws tau ua nrog cov kev pab los ntawm qhov tseeb hom kev kawm thiab computers. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Ptolemy thiab Hipparchus tau paub tseeb hais tias.

Yog li, zaum los chim heev unfounded tawm tsam nyob rau hauv lawv cov professionalism los ntawm ua kom tiav amateurs.

Teb historians, linguists thiab archaeologists

Nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub hwj ntawm cov disciplines rhuab sib cav tswv yim. Firstly, peb sawv rau dendrochronology thiab radiocarbon tsom xam. Judging los ntawm cov nqe lus ntawm Fomenko, nws cov nuj nqis rau 1960. Cov sciences tau ntev tshaj rau pem hauv ntej. Lawv txoj kev txhawb tsoos keeb kwm thiab paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm lwm yam kev txoj kev. Cov no muaj xws av nplaum siv, paleomagnetic thiab poov tshuaj-argon txoj kev, thiab hais txog.

Npaj txhij tig ua birchbark. Judging los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias qhia txog cov "Tshiab Chronology", Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm yog tsis tooj mus rau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov chaw no. Cov yav tas, incidentally, paub tseeb hais tias tsis tsuas yog dendrochronology, tab sis kuj muaj ntau lwm yam ntaub ntawv los ntawm lwm yam kev qhuab qhia.

Nws tseem yog nthuav mus rau ib tug ua tiav disregard ntawm as, Armenian, Suav, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv sau cov ntaub ntawv, uas paub meej tias cov tsoos keeb kwm ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Nws hais tsuas yog cov lus tseeb uas paub meej tias cov kev tshawb xav.

Qhov tseem ceeb rau narrative qhov chaw txo nws hwj cov kiv cua ntawm "Tshiab Chronology" nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv txawv txoj hauj lwm. Lawv cov lus sib cav lawm rau daim los ntawm cov pa thawj tswj thiab economic cov ntaub ntawv.

Yog hais tias koj saib nyob rau ntawm qhov lus pov thawj Fomenko, ces, raws li Zaliznyaka A. A., "yog sheer amateurism rau qhov yuam kev theem nyob rau hauv lub npaug rooj." Piv txwv li, Latin tshaj tawm hais tias xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv Laus Lub tsev teev ntuj thiab "Samara" nyob rau hauv rov qab nyeem ntawv yuav "lub suab hais lus lo lus hais Rome".

Hnub thiab cov npe rau ntawm npib, medals, gems siab paub meej tias cov kev kawm ntaub ntawv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom no tsuas cais tau cuav.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub chronology ntawm lub kev tsov kev rog ntawm tus sau phau ntawv teej tug mus rau txawv haiv neeg, coincides nrog lub daim ntawv qhia hnub nqa mus rau ib qho denominator. Muaj txawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv cov Nrab Hnub nyoog twb tsuas yog tsis paub, thiab qhib xwb los ntawm lub excavations nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo.

Qhov xaus ntawm lub zaum "Tshiab Chronology"

Ua ntej, niaj hnub no tus mainstream yog mloog mus rau lub tej hauj lwm ntawm Scaliger ntau li ntau raws li lawv paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm qhov tseeb kev tshawb fawb.

Conversely, nyob rau hauv ib tug Nosovskaya Fomenko nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm muaj tsuas tawm tsam nyob rau hauv no kawm siab ntawm lub thib kaum rau caug xyoo. Tab sis yog tsis muaj cov ntawv hauv qab los sis ua tim khawv rau qhov chaw citations los yog qhia tau meej heev hais txog ntawm qhov yuam kev.

Secondly, kom disregard rau lub economic cov ntaub ntawv. Tag nrho cov pov thawj puag yog ua rau xaiv Vaj Keeb Kwm thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, uas yog tsuas yog ib mog qhia cov txheej xwm. Tsis muaj ib tug kev tshawb fawb no.

Peb, yog li ntawd-hu ua "vicious vajvoog sib tam" disappears los ntawm nws tus kheej. Hais tias yog, tus ntawm UFW ntawm "Tshiab Chronology" sim los ua pov thawj hais tias, raws li nyob rau hauv lub chiv cuav thaj chaw, feem ntau ntawm cov kev tsuas muab qhov yuam kev. Tab sis qhov no yog tsis muaj tseeb, raws li txwv mus rau lawv tus kheej txoj kev, uas yog feem ntau unsubstantiated thiab unfounded.

Thiab lub xeem. Cov hais tsis zoo "cuav conspiracy". Nws yuav ua tau tag nrho cov pov thawj, tab sis yog tias koj txoj kev los ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm kev nkag siab, cov nqe lus crumble li ib lub tsev ntawm phaib.

Yog nws tau mus nyiag sau tag nrho cov phau ntawv, sib, tsiaj ntawv, sau dua tshiab lawv nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshiab thiab rov qab mus rau lub teb. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub enormous nqi ntawm archaeological pom cia li tsis tshua fake. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tswvyim ntawm cov kev cai txheej, stratigraphy thiab lwm yam raug kev sib nrauj ntawm archeology kiag li tsis paub hais tias mus theorists, tus "Tshiab Chronology".