Violinist Yasha Heyfets: biography, muaj tswv yim, lub neej yav dhau los thiab nthuav tseeb

Yasha Heyfets - nkauj laus ncas los ntawm Vajtswv. Tsis muaj zem nws hu ua. Thiab zoo siab uas nws cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv kom zoo. Mloog no ci ntsa iab tshuab raj, txaus siab rau nws kev ua tau zoo ntawm Saint-Saens, Sarasate, Tchaikovsky thiab kawm txog nws lub neej. Lub cim xeeb ntawm nws yuav tsum tau khaws cia.

thaum yau

Yauxej Ruvimovich (Yasha) Heifetz yug nyob rau hauv Vilnius, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws nyob rau hauv 1901. Nws txiv los rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Poland, thiab peb lub xyoo pib qhia nws tus tub kom tus nkauj laus ncas thiab hneev. Thiab nws yog ib tug self-qhia tshuab raj, thiab ua hauj lwm ib nrab sij hawm ntawm kab tshoob kev kos thiab lwm yam koob tsheej. Tus me nyuam twb tau nwj los ntawm Vajtswv, nws muab nws tag nrho - lub rooj sib hais, cov suab paj nruas nco, muaj siab mus ua hauj lwm thiab noj qab haus huv. Nyob rau hauv plaub lub xyoo nws coj mus kawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus kws qhia ntawv Vilna Malkin. Nyob rau hauv tsib lub xyoos, Yasha Heyfets twb hais nyob rau hauv pej xeem, thiab yuav ua li cas! Qhov tseem sophisticated. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag lub tsev kawm ntawv. Ua ntej cov xib fwb thiab mus saib xyuas tus me nyuam ua si "Pastoral Fantasy" Singel. Raws li ib tug me nyuam yuav txeem mus rau hauv tus ntsuj plig ntawm cov khoom, tsis txhob kev uas tsis? Thaum tus me nyuam yog tsis ntshai sawv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm ib tug neeg laus cov neeg tuaj saib xav tau ib tug nyob rau theem? Qhov no yuav tsuas yuav twv. Nyob rau hauv yim xyoo nws tau ua si nrog cov orchestra hais kwv txhiaj ntawm Mendelssohn-Bartholdy.

Nyob rau hauv lub St. Petersburg Conservatory

Nyob rau hauv cuaj lub xyoo (!) Yasha Heyfets twb kawm nyob rau hauv lub conservatory. Nyiaj rau nyaj thiab kev kawm tau muab cov neeg Yudais lub zej lub zos ntawm Vilna. Ib xyoo tom qab, nws thawj ua si nyob rau hauv lub me me Hall ntawm lub Conservatory. Ces muaj ib tug ua tau zoo rau ntawm lub Pavlovsk chaw nres tsheb thiab ncig xyuas nyob rau hauv Odessa, Warsaw thiab Lodz. Nyob rau hauv kaum xyoo Yasha sau thawj cov ntaub ntawv. Nws tsis nyuaj Schubert thiab Dvorak. Nws tuav concerts nyob rau hauv Berlin thiab ces nyob rau hauv Dresden, Hamburg thiab Prague. Nws yog kaum ib xyoos laus, thiab cov nkauj laus ncas yog tseem tsis tau ib tug neeg laus, tsis tau peb lub quarters, tab sis qhov kev ua si ntaus qhov yooj yim thiab virtuosity. Thiab dua li, tag nrho cov critics sau tseg hais tias nws txhais lub executable. Yog li ntawd tsim Yasha Heyfets. Kev loj hlob kev ua tau zoo kev txawj ntse taug kev los ntawm leaps thiab ciam teb. Nyob rau hauv 1913 nws twb xyaum tsim tshuab raj, thiab nws cov nyiaj tau muaj tag nrho tsev neeg. Thawj World War pom nws nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nrog teeb meem loj, nws muaj kev tswj kom rov qab mus rau lawv teb chaws. Thiab twb nyob rau hauv 1916, thaum nws yog nyob ncig saib nyob rau hauv Norway, nws tau caw mus rau America. Tom qab dhau los ntawm Russia mus Vladivostok, Heifetz tsev neeg caij nkoj mus rau Nyiajpoom Teb thiab ces mus rau lub tebchaws United States.

America

Nws thawj tsos Lub kaum hli ntuj 17, 1917 nyob rau hauv Carnegie Hall dhau indescribable kev vam meej. Nws ci ntsa iab kev ua si enthusiastically ntaus cov nuj nqis thiab thuam. Nws yog ib qho tsis uas tej violinist yuav tsum tau siv zog, tab sis cov hluas tshuab raj twb zoo meej nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev. Lub suab ntawm nws ntsuas cim, tua ntawm cov feem ntau nyuaj nqe vaj lug kub cov txheej txheem yog flawless, lub breadth ntawm melodic nqe lus ciali txom, nws kawg nkaus mam li nco dheev pob tawg lawm. Nws los ua ib tug American mlom.

Ob xyoos tom qab nws muaj peev xwm mus yuav nws tus thawj Stradivarius. Tom qab ntawd, nws muaj lwm nkauj laus ncas ntawm lub wizard, thiab ces Guarneri. Nyob rau lawv, nws ua si nws tag nrho tom ntej lub neej.

Adaptation nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Amelikas no yog ib qho yooj yim. Heyfets Yasha pib hais lus dawb do, yuav ib lub tsheb, nkoj, ua si ntaus pob tesniv thiab ua tsawg lub sij hawm mus devote rau suab paj nruag. Qhov no sai li sai tau cuam tshuam qhov zoo tshaj ntawm nws kev ua si. Tab sis tus tub hluas yog ceev los kho lub shortcomings. Kuv ua si tseem zoo kawg nkauj laus ncas. Yasha Heyfets nyob rau hauv 1925 los ua ib tug United States pej xeem.

sib yuav

Nyob rau hauv 1929 nws tau sib yuav. Nws tus poj niam yog ib tug American movie star Florence Arto. Nyob rau hauv 1930, cov hluas ob peb muaj ib tug ntxhais ntawm Yauxej, thiab ob xyoos tom qab ntawd - tus tub ntawm Robert.

ncig teb chaws ua si

Nyob rau hauv 20-30 xyoo nws tau nrog concerts nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. 1920 - London, 21 - Australia, 22 th - teb chaws Aas Kiv, 23rd - East, 24 th thiab 25 th - England, 26th - South America thiab lub Middle East. Nws yuav luag tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tsev, nyob rau hauv cov chaw ntiav pw thaum lub sij hawm nws mus. Nws ntseeg hais tias, raws li nws twb ob zaug mus xyuas lub hli - uas yog qhov ntev ntawm nws kev. Nyob rau hauv 1933 nws ua si nrog cov orchestra ntawm lub New York Philharmonic. Thiab muaj ib tug poj xyuas pib Arturo Toscanini. Nws ua si rau cov nkauj laus ncas concerto "Tus Yaj Saub", nplooj siab mus rau tus neeg sau nws tus kheej.

Relations nrog lub Soviet motherland

Lub delicacy thiab tact, ceev faj nyob rau hauv nws cov nqe lus Heifetz pub kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog zoo lub Soviet tsoom fwv. Nyob rau hauv 1934, nws dhau los ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees rau Moscow thiab Leningrad, thiab tsis kam mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, uas hosted nws debut thiab qhov chaw uas nws raug hu los ua rov qab rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo, "Angel ntawm lub violin." Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, nws muab rau concerts thiab tau ntsib nrog cov menyuam kawm ntawm lub Conservatory. Nrog ib tug sib sib zog nqus kev to taub nws siab tshaj plaws kev txawj reacted kom tiav ntawm Soviet critics. Cov yooj yim uas nws tau kov yeej kev nyuaj siab rau hauv 24th Paganini caprice, tsis muaj ib tug yog yuam kev. Heifetz ua si hu ua dazzling.

Tej lub neej

Nyob rau hauv 1938 Heyfets Yasha twb xub caw tuaj rau lub shooting ntawm cov zaj duab xis. Nws twb cia li ua si rau nws tus kheej.

Ob xyoos tom qab ntawd nws yuav lub tsev ob tsev neeg. Ib tug yog tsis far from Los Angeles, Beverly Hills, thiab lwm yam - nyob rau Pacific ntug dej hiav txwv nyob rau hauv lub ntug hiav txwv dej nyob rau hauv Malibu. Tom qab ntawd nws pib mus qhia nyob rau University of Southern California. Tab sis kev hais kwv txhiaj ua si tsis nres. Nws mus rau ib ncig ntawm South America thiab, ntawm chav kawm, thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog nws muab nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob.

Nyob rau hauv 1945, Heifetz kev sib nrauj nws tus poj niam, thiab nws tsim ib tug tshiab tsev neeg nrog Francis Spiegelberg ob xyoos. Nyob rau hauv no kev sib yuav nws twb yug los rau hauv lub tub ntawm Yauxej. Nyob rau hauv 1950 nws muab tshem tawm lwm zaj duab xis txog Heifetz rooj sib tham nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm California.

Kev mus txawv tebchaws rau cov Yixayee

Nyob rau hauv 1953, nyob ncig saib nyob rau hauv Ixayees, nws muaj ib tug sau ntawv zoo kawg li composer, tab sis lub German Richard Strauss. Nws twb nug tsis mus ua si qhov violin Sonata "fascist" composer. Txawm li cas los, Heyfets Yasha, violinist Jew, muaj ib tug txawv lub tswv yim, thiab tsis hloov nws cov kev pab cuam. Rau nws pib tau txais cov tsiaj ntawv nrog hem rau uas tus poj violinist twb tsis hmoog. Tom qab ib tug ntawm cov qhia tau hais tias nws twb rov nrog ib tug hlau bar ib tug txiv neej hluas. Heifetz sim kom tsis txhob rhuav tseg priceless thiab nyiam ntsuas, tab sis nws tau raug mob. Qhov no extremist thiab tsis detained, tab sis yog ib qho kev tshawb nrhiav tau nqa tawm. Nws sab tes xis violinist mob, thiab nws muaj ib tug ntev nees nkaum xyoo tsis tuaj rau cov Yixayee.

Nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States

Los ntawm lub 60th xyoo, thaum lub fiddler tuaj nyob rau hauv, li cas yog hu ua, nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog, nws txo cov touring ua yeeb yam. Tab sis qhov no yog compensated los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias tsim music rau films, txawm sau ib tug nrov song los ntawm lub teeb, raws li ib tug txiv neej nws yog gay. Heifetz kuj ua lub orchestra rau tej lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub "Tsam Opera". Nyob rau hauv 1962, nws nrauj nws tus poj niam, tab sis tus tshiab khiv sib yuav tsis tuaj. 68 xyoo, nws tau ceased mus ua, hais tias nws tau poob kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub nyob nrug thiab los ntawm 1972 siab mob siab rau nws tus kheej los qhia. Ua ntej nws qhia me nyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau universities, tom qab ntawd, nyob ze rau yim caum xyoo, muab private qhia nyob rau ntawm nws lub tsev nyob rau hauv Beverly Hills. Nws yog ib tug zoo xib fwb, heev demanding thiab tawv. Ntawm tshwj xeeb highlight dab neeg uas muaj lig rau ib zaj lus qhia nws kaw lub qhov rooj ntawm nws lub tsev, thiab lawv tsis kawm ntawv. Nws cog noob los ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm kev kawm ntawv raug thiab formal suits. Tus hluas nkauj - ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm pleev thiab hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Dirty nkauj laus ncas nyob rau hauv kev tsis pub. Rau kev ua txhaum, nws coj kev nplua uas tuaj rau cov kev pab ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv yuav tsum tau. Nws tau kawm ntau zoo ua luaj ua yeeb.

Nws studio nyob rau hauv Kolnborskoy tsev kawm ntawv yog tas. Nws yog siv rau kev npaj kawm ntawv. Cov phab ntsa, nws nco ntsoov cov poj artist, txhawb nqa cov tub ntxhais kawm uas koom nyob rau hauv lub conservatory.

Mr. Heifetz, raws li nws nyiam yuav tau hu ua, tuag ntawm ib tug mob stroke nyob rau hauv 1987. Nws xav yuav tsum tau cremated thiab scatter lub ashes tshaj lub hiav txwv. Guarneri nkauj laus ncas nws sab laug rau tsim nyog ua yeeb uas yuav ua si nyob rau hauv lub San Francisco Tsev khaws puav pheej, qhov twg yog lub cuab tam nws tus kheej.

Qhov no xaus qhov kev piav qhia ntawm txoj kev ntawm lub neej ntawm cov loj tshaj musicians li Yasha Heyfets. Nws biography uas muaj cov suab paj nruag pab, uas yog tus tub ntxhais ntawm nws lub neej.