Congenital Hypothyroidism: Tej yam tshwm sim

Congenital Hypothyroidism - ib tug mob nyob qhov twg hauv lub thyroid caj pas yog tsis yog ib tug txaus tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ua. Iodine deficiency yog feem ntau hais raws li feem ntau uas ua rau hypothyroidism, tab sis tus mob no yuav tshwm sim los ntawm ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb. Loj hypothyroidism nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam ua rau yus cretinism, cov neeg laus - mus tus kab mob myxedema (cai o hauv nruab nrog cev thiab cov nqaij mos). Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm tus kab mob no yog ib tug mob twb piav nyob rau hauv 1873. Niaj hnub no nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau tus kab mob kev mob ntawm lub cev, muaj lub npe ntawm hypothyroidism. Cov tsos mob feem ntau yog ploj thaum nws them rau uas ploj lawm cov tshuaj hormones.

Txij li thaum lub tsos mob ntawm hypothyroidism yog nonspecific thiab hnav tawm, cov kws kho mob tsis yeej ib txwm teeb kom thiaj paub hais tias, tawm tswv yim tias cov teeb meem txuam nrog rau lwm yam kab mob thiab qaug zog. Lawv tsis raws kev coj kom ntshav mus kuaj seb puas muaj tus theem ntawm cov tshuaj hormones thyroid, vim hais tias lawv tsis kuaj hypothyroidism. Cov tsos mob ntawm no taw tes rau cov slowing down ntawm tag nrho cov metabolic dab.

Muaj peb cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hypothyroidism. Primary Congenital hypothyroidism - lub feem ntau ntau daim ntawv, yog ib qho autoimmune xwm, nws tshwm sim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob nrog tej iodine rau hyperthyroidism. Secondary - pituitary (vim raug mob, hlav, tawg los yog kev phais) tsis tsim txaus theem thyroid stimulating lawm, thyroid zus tau tej cov pib yuav tsum tau tus xov tooj ntawm thyroxine thiab triiodothyronine. Tertiary - hypothalamus tej zaum yuav tsis tsim txaus thyrotropin-tso lawm, hypothalamic-pituitary tshwm sim hypothyroidism.

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv cov tsos mob los yog lawv qhaj ntawv ib tug me ntsis tuab hypothyroidism. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob yuav tsum tau muab faib ua 4 pawg: thaum ntxov, lig, txawv txawv thiab characterizing subclinical hypothyroidism. Thaum ntxov rau theem yog nrog los ntawm nce rhiab heev kom txias, cem quav, koj qhov hnyav nce, kua tuav, bradycardia, qaug zog, tsis tawm hws, nqaij tu-sauv thiab ob leeg mob, qhuav ntawm daim tawv khaus, nyias nkig tes, ceev qauv ntawm kev xav, kev nyuaj siab, hypotension, nqaij, poj niam ntxiv lawm tshob, coj khaub teeb meem, hyperprolactinemia thiab galactorrhea, nce qib ntawm cholesterol nyob rau hauv cov ntshav.

O ntawm ntaub so ntswg thiab kabmob yog twb nyob rau hauv ib tug theem yus hypothyroidism. Cov tsos mob uas nrog no theem: nce nyob rau hauv cov thyroid caj pas (goiter), qeeb hais lus thiab ib tug hoarse, rhuav lub suab (suab nrov ntawm lub suab no kuj hloov vim edema Reinke - o ntawm lub vocal cords vim txuam nrog kua). Tsis tas li ntawd yam ntxwv edematous qhuav tawv nqaij (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag), Hertoghe kos npe rau (thinning los yog poob ntawm lub txheej feem peb ntawm lub pob muag), txawv txav cev ntas, tsis tshua muaj basal lub cev kub kev nyuaj siab.

Congenital Hypothyroidism yog tseem txawv txawv tsos mob. Qhov no nco puas, kev txawj ntse zog ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab inattention. Qeeb mem tes, ECG hloov, ib tug txo nyob rau hauv mob cov zis thiab tsis contractility ntawm lub plawv mob. Reactive hypoglycemia, sluggish reflexes, tsis ntawm cov plaub hau. Anemia yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua txhaum cai ntawm hemoglobin synthesis, teeb meem nqos, dyspnoea, hypersomnia, irritability thiab mus ob peb vas kev hloov, lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug txo nyob rau hauv glomerular filtration rate, daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij vim ua txhaum ntawm converting beta-carotene, mob psychosis, tsis libido nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog ua txhaum ntawm testosterone synthesis, anosmia, gynecomastia, lag ntseg, hais lus extensions. Thaum ntau dua ntawm cov thyroid hormones thiab lub cev concentration ntawm thyroxine thiab triiodothyronine tshwm sim subclinical hypothyroidism. Mob ntawm tus mob no los ntawm kev siv rhiab heev txoj kev.

Cov neeg uas muaj neeg txom nyem thyroid muaj nuj nqi yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj nyob rau hauv koj noj cov zaub mov goitrogens (goitrogenic tshuaj). Qhov no ntuj substance muaj nyob rau hauv ib co cov khoom thiab tiv thaiv kom txhob zus tau tej cov thyroid hormones. Lawv feem ntau noj zaub mov: zaub cob pob, zaub qhwv, zaub paj, spinach, radishes, taum pauv, txiv laum huab xeeb, ntoo thuv ceev, txiv duaj thiab millet. Muaj ntau tus kws kho mob ntseeg tau hais tias ua noj ua haus yuav inactivate goitrogens. Txawm hais tias cov khoom muaj ntau cov kev pab cuam rau ib tug noj qab nyob zoo noj cov zaub mov, tab sis zobogenny tej zaum yuav tsum ceeb toom rau cov neeg uas muaj feem yuav. Cov no yog cov neeg uas muaj ib tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm hypothyroidism, los yog cov neeg uas twb tau qhia cov tsos mob, raws li tau zoo raws li cov poj niam nce lawm. Chav nrog hypothyroidism yuav tsum xim: tsis txhob goitrogens yuav alleviate cov tsos mob ntawm hypothyroidism.