Chaw phom TP-82 (yees duab). Analogue TA-82 nyob rau hauv lub npe "Qus npua teb"

Cosmonaut - ib tug profession, tsis yog tsis muaj yog vim li cas enveloped los ntawm ib tug halo ntawm romance thiab heroism. Tej zaum tsis nyob rau hauv lub USSR, ib tug me nyuam tub uas yuav tsis tau xav kom lawv yuav tsum tau. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ua hauj lwm qhov chaw fraught nrog rau qhov kev txaus ntshai, tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ... Yuav tsaws qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob capsule - nws yog ib qhov nyuaj twv seb. Cov neeg yuav ua tau nyob qhov twg, ces lawv yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv. Lub USSR tau tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuaj - TP-82.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws?

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1980s nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union tshwj xeeb phom rau nws tus kheej tiv thaiv astronauts nws tau tsim. Riam phom muaj peb trunks, raws li nyob rau hauv qhov uas tsis yog-automatic tswvyim. Tshiab phom hu ua TA-82. Nws los ua ib feem ntawm txoj kev cawm txoj SONAZ. Nyob rau qhov riam phom zoo li ib tug sawn-off shotgun nrog ib tug hybrid AK: sab saum toj yog ob tus chim 32 gauge (mus yos hav zoov), thiab yog nyob rau hauv qab lub pob tw ntawm 5,45 caliber.

Tom qab ntawm

Thawj npaj lub creation ntawm xws riam phom legendary Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov. Nyob rau hauv 1979, nws ua ib tug tshwj xeeb mus ntsib mus rau Tula caj npab Hoobkas rau lub hom phiaj no. Nws hais rau cov armourers ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1965: thaum lub lander "Voskhod-2" landed ntawm ib tug unscheduled qhov chaw. Ntau precisely, nyob rau hauv lub tuab forests ntawm lub Perm cheeb tsam. Cosmonauts saib rau yuav luag ob hnub, thaum lub sij hawm uas cov neeg muaj ib tug nyuaj lub sij hawm.

Nyob rau hauv lub forests ntawm lub niaj zaus ntau ntawm txhom, uas yuav tau hais kom meej meej tsis txaus siab mus saj tshiab astronauts. Qhov teeb meem no yog absurd hais tias tus tom kawg yuav muaj kiag li tsis muaj dab tsi los mus tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nres. Leonov hais tias kev kawm rau cov nyob rau ntawm lub astronauts tsawg kawg yog ib co tshwj xeeb riam phom, uas nws yuav tau mus fend tawm cov tsiaj, lawv yuav xav tias ntau npaum li cas calmer. Twb tau nyob rau 1981, lub chaw ntawm cov neeg uas thawj mus rau hauv qhov chaw, pom sab official them nyiaj yug. Nyob rau hauv 1982, TP-82 tau raug officially muaj nyob rau hauv tus cawm pob tag nrho cov qhov chaw missions.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm riam phom

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias qhov no rab phom tsis yog tsuas yog ib qhov chaw. Nws yog npaj kuj rau riam phom crews ntawm ntev-ntau aircraft, uas yuav yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug tsiaj qus chaw uas zoo heev raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm yam tsis tau xav thaum muaj xwm ceev tsaws. TP-82 qauv yuav siv tau rau tiv thaiv tawm tsam txhom tej neeg phem txhaum cai hais, raws li tau zoo raws li rau kev yos hav zoov. Los ntawm kev siv tib rab phom tau mus pub Sounder nyuaj siab Pib ntsais koj teeb thaum tsaws nyob rau hauv underpopulated, dawb paug chaw.

Tsim riam phom Tula. Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm ib rab phom mus rau hauv qhov chaw nrog cov neeg coob ntawm "Soyuz T-6" nyob rau hauv 1982. Plaub lub xyoos tom qab, nws teb los ua ib feem ntawm cov khoom xws li ntev-ntau aviation crews. Qhov teeb meem tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1987. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas cov phom TP-82 twb tau muab siv los ntawm Lavxias teb sab astronauts kom txog rau thaum 2007. Los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub sij hawm tsuas tso cai mos txwv cia, uas tau ua txawm nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union. Kom rov lawv lawm tswv tsis tsim nyog.

Basic specifications

Raws li peb hais, qhov riam phom nws yog ib tug triple-tsis-automatic rab yaj phom. Ob tug sab sauv chim npaj rau ntau dua los yog tsawg pa 32 gauge, thaum lub sij hawm tsawg dua chuck tshwj xeeb them 5,45h40 hli. Nco qab tias lub Kalashnikov tshuab phom siv cov mos txwv 5.45x39 hli. Rau zeroing lub sab lub cev yog siv tshwj xeeb muaj hloov ntaus ntawv, lub dag lub zog uas yog tswj hwm los ntawm peb cov bolts.

Cov khiav tawm ntawm siv cartridges los ntawm lub 32-gauge yog ua los ntawm ib tug dog dig extractor. Yuav kom eject siv cartridges 5.45x39 cartridge, koj yuav tsum nias ib tug tshwj xeeb khawm extractor caij nplooj ntoos hlav, uas yog nyob rau ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm qhov riam phom. Yog li, rab phom TP-82 yog yooj yim txaus, li ntawd, thaum kov nws yog tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov astronauts, feem ntau ntawm uas twb ua tub rog pilots, tsis tshwm sim.

Yuav kom ua tau overcharging, riam phom yuav tsum tawg zoo li ib tug shotgun. Cov laug muaj ib tug latch hais tias tag nrho cov qauv yog muaj saum toj no lub rab yaj phom tuav. Yuav kom tig qhov chaw phom TP-82, nws yog txav mus rau sab laug. Txhais mechanism ntawm ib tug rauj hom poob siab yog tsis self-cocking. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub tsim yog yooj yim heev, tab sis muaj ib co tseem ceeb nta.

Chiv thiab sights

Lub peculiarity ntawm tus txhais mechanism yog hais tias txoj cai txhais yog lub luag hauj lwm tsuas yog rau txoj cai tus chim, thaum lub sij hawm sab laug tau nyob rau hauv tej lub sij hawm yuav hloov ntawm sab laug thiab sab shafts. Nyob rau hauv tus txhais khwb muaj ib tug khawm-kev nyab xeeb xauv, txhav tas txhais. Lub sighting ntaus ntawv qhov chaw phom TP-82 muaj lub feem ntau yooj yim: txhua yam, qhib hom. Qhov no yog ua li cas mus txawm lub feem ntau nyuaj tej yam kev mob kom txo tau cov ntxim yuav zoo siv ntawm knocking cia haum.

Noj kom zoo dua ntawm cov kev Tokarev, cov kws txawj muab cov kev siv ntawm ib tug taub qab-holster. Qhov no yooj yim ntaus ntawv yuav ho txhim kho cov neeg. Holster fastened mus rau hauv qab ntawm lub rab yaj phom tuav. Tab sis qhov no yog tsis tseem ceeb tsis pub leejtwg paub. Qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv lub holster, nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb txhav sheath, yog ... feem ntau txoj machete, tsuas yog ib tug raug loj me me. Ntxiv mus, nws yog pom zoo kom hluav taws thaum nws yog nyob rau hauv lub holster, raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub Tshuag tau txais qhov tsim nyog rigidity. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, lub astronauts phom TP-82 yog ib tug riam phom txawv heev thiab tsis tshua muaj ntau yam.

nta bullets

Nws feature kuj yog tseeb hais tias cov shooting yuav tsum siv cartridges, txiav mus rau TSNIITOCHMASH. Nws saib xyuas cov creation ntawm tshiab thiab txawv txawv mos txwv PF Sazonov. Tag nrho peb hom cartridges tau raug tsim. Tus thawj - ib tug txheej txheem shotgun SP-D, rau cov creation ntawm uas siv li ib txwm mus yos hav zoov 32nd caliber. 12,5h70 hli cartridge yog kiag li zoo xws li cov nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim slaughter munitions uas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev yos hav zoov phom nrog ib chim ntev ntawm 700 hli.

Qhov thib ob version, NP-P, lub teeb liab yog. Raws li nws puag twb tseem siv ib tug yooj yim mus yos hav zoov cartridge. Ua tau, ntawm tus dais no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb lub teeb thiab haus luam yeeb lauj kaub nrog ib tug ntev hlawv lub sij hawm.

Thaum kawg, lub mos txwv cartridge SP-P. Rau nws cov khoom siv mos point mos txwv caliber 5,45 hli, crimped rau hauv lub tes tsho 40 mm. Cov tub ntxhais raug ua los ntawm tawv cuab tam steel, kom cov expansive txiav txim mos txwv qhov ntswg me me qhov twb drilled. Raws li cov kev xeem tau, lub qhov txhab ntawm xws munitions ob peb lub sij hawm ntau txaus ntshai tshaj li tus txheej txheem submachine phom cartridge.

Nyob rau hauv zoo firing ntau

Nws twb qhia tias thaum uas siv ib lub mos txwv cartridge deb zoo firing yuav mus txog li ntawm 200 meters, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm no feem nqi twb txo mus rau 40 meters. Cov mos txwv muaj raws nraim 40 rounds: kaum SP-A thiab SP-C. Tag nrho cov so - lub mos txwv. Mos txwv tshwj xeeb haum nyob rau hauv ib tug canvas haversack. Lub ntsiab sib txawv ntawm tag nrho cov cartridges los ntawm lawv cov tub rog thiab yos hav zoov prototypes muaj lawv nyiaj pab ntau tshaj kev ntseeg tau khaws cia txawm nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm tsis tshua muaj siab, siab thiab tsawg kub, av noo.

kev yos hav zoov siv

Thoob plaws hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub xeev cov kev ntsuam xyuas phom TP-82, ib tug yees duab uas koj yuav pom nyob rau hauv qhov tsab xov xwm twb tau muab siv heev raws li ib tug mus yos hav zoov ua tsov rog. Nws pom hais tias siv nws tsis muaj ntau yam kev nyuaj, koj yuav tau yuav luag tag nrho cov pawg ntawm cov me me kev ua si, cov noog, shooting uas TP tau pov thawj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb zoo. Rifled chim yuav tau siv nyob rau hauv lub extraction ntawm boars, tshis, elk jeyrans thiab txawm, nrog rau cov proviso hais tias tus luj ntawm cov tsiaj tau mus txog tsis ntau tshaj 200 kilograms.

Lub testers muaj impressed li nrog lub peev xwm ntawm riam phom uas rau tom kawg tau txais lub apt npe menyuam yaus "poacher tus npau suav." Nws qhia (ncab) tias thaum uas siv cov pa mus yos hav zoov cartridges 32 gauge nrog nce lifting thiab ntxhib hmoov feem yuav yooj yim ua elk uas ho ntau tshaj ob kilograms.

Zuag qhia tag nrho efficiency ntawm kev siv ntawm

Nws muab tau zoo heev lub teeb liab cartridge. Zvukoshumovaya flash uas tshwm sim thaum uas siv cov nws, muab ib tug tseem ceeb lub sij hawm uas cov neeg nrhiav ob tog yuav yuav tau daim ntawv ceeb toom. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, lub TA-82 - riam phom, uas yuav ua tau ib tug zoo kev pab rau cov astronauts tso tseg nyob rau hauv lub taiga. Txawm lub machete, uas "nkaum" nyob rau hauv lub holster, tau muaj pov thawj kom ua tau zoo kawg.

Aleksandr German, uas tau txais kev pab raws li lub taub hau ntawm lub Cosmonaut Training Ciaj sia taus, hais tias nyob rau hauv ob hnub (standard ntev ntawm txoj kev kawm), nws pab neeg nrog rau qhov no hniav txiav down ntawm cov cubic meters ntawm ntoo. Yog li ntawd machete kuj yuav pab txawm nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm ib tug ib ntus tsev!

Yuav ua li cas yog lub tswv yim ntawm TP-82? astronaut riam phom zoo heev soundly thiab nkuav, nws yog ua li cas qualitatively. Tag nrho cov sab, xws li holsters, hnab thiab txuas, muaj tus nqi qis tshaj tau ceeb thawj. caj npab ntawm lwm yam uas yog ua los ntawm ergonomic schemes, ib qho yooj yim txawm tias ib tug neeg tswj los ntawm lawv, lub xeem tsawg heev kev cob qhia. Fuses muab tag nrho tuav kev ruaj ntseg txawm nrog ib tug loaded riam phom, kiag li cais tau khoom ntawm lo tawm. Riam phom kws txawj nyiam cov mos mos qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob uhvatistost lis thiab yog phom tshuav nyiaj li cas.

Nruj me ntsis tsim nyog los muab cov taub qab rau firing muaj, yog li ntawd yog tias tsim nyog koj yuav tau pib rau lub defensive tam sim ntawd, tsis wasting ntau heev lub sij hawm los npaj. Nws twb tau qhia hais tias tsis muaj holster yog ntshaw kom hluav taws xwb txhaj ntawm luv luv mus.

txiav tso tawm

Thaum kawg triple-phom TP-82 astronauts tau txais nyob rau hauv 1986. Soviet cosmonauts tau armed nrog lawv li ib txwm, xws li thaum lub sij hawm ob leeg nrog rau cov neeg Asmeskas thiab Europeans, thiab kev kawm missions. Qhov teeb meem tsov rog twb txiav nyob rau hauv lub lig 80s. Cov hauj lwm yog vim li cas - tsub zuj zuj ntawm ib tug txaus tus naj npawb ntawm cov phom. Tula lawv tus kheej hais tias thaum lub sij hawm incipient cev qhuav dej ntawm lub State Kremlin tsoom fwv tsuas tsis xav kom pab nyiaj rau lub "ruam" peb tes num.

Lub caij nyoog tooj ntawm cov phom sau yog tseem tsis paub hais tias. Nws yuav tsum hais tias qhov ntim ntawm lub qhov teeb meem yog tsis zoo li mus tshaj 30-110 units (uas yog obviously heev me ntsis). Yog hais tias koj xav mus saib no tsis tshua muaj rab yaj phom ntiaj, koj yuav mus xyuas cov Artillery Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, Chaw Tsev khaws puav pheej, uas yog nyob rau hauv Moscow, los yog mus rau Tula.

"Npua teb"

Rau uas tsis yog-official cov ntaub ntawv, muaj ib (thiab muaj) ib tug analogue ntawm lub TA-82 nyob rau hauv lub npe "Qus npua teb". Nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag, xws li ib tug phom tsis muaj ib tug pom nws tsis muaj duab. Tej zaum qhov no ersatz tsim nrog tsawg stringent OTC thiab npaj rau ntev-ntau aircraft commanders. Txawm li cas los, tag nrho cov no yog tsuas muaj lus xaiv, raws li official cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov riam phom zoo tsis muaj leej twg. Yuav hais tias ua nws yuav ua tau, cov "npua teb" nruab nrog tib tshwj xeeb cartridges, thiab thiaj li nyob rau hauv 2007 thiab lub sij hawm ntawm kev siv ntawm tej riam phom (txawm yog hais tias nws yog) kuj tuaj mus rau qhov kawg.