45 Tag Huv Tibsi: nag hmo, hnub no thiab tag kis

Puas muaj ib txoj kev ua kom koj lub npe nyob rau hauv centuries? Yuav kom ua tau cov feat, mus thov ua tus tsaug xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv tsa ib tug monument? Los yog tau nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm keeb kwm? Tab sis monuments yuav raug rhuav tshem, thiab lub keeb kwm yog sau dua tshiab. Yog li ntawd tiag tiag yeej tsis muaj ib tau? Nws hloov tawm hais tias muaj ntau heev tshaj dua. Tus thawj - yog los ua ib tug hero ntawm dab neeg, xws li Ilya Muromets, Ivan Susanin los yog Chapaev. Qhov thib ob tau - kom muaj rau koj tus kheej lub npe los ua ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg lo lus, xws li gimbal (hu ua tom qab lub inventor Gerolamo Cardano) los yog Kalash (nyob rau hauv Honor Mihaila Timofeevicha Kalashnikova). Yog li ntawd, American inventor Semyuel Kolt yog tau coj kom zoo dua ntawm cov ob possibilities. Nws lub npe poob mus rau hauv American nrov hais tias uas dim de txhais nyeem raws li nram no: "Vajtswv tsim neeg txawv, tab sis Colonel menyuam nees yuav rau theem." Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws lub npe hu ua tom qab ib tug phom, thiab feem ntau ntawm no rab yaj phom npe sau nyob rau hauv me me ntawv thiab tsis muaj hais tias. Tab sis ua ntej peb tham txog cov invention ntawm lub American gunsmith, yuav tuav ib tug me me txoj kev kawm txog lub calibers thiab tshuab txhais tes melee riam phom - pistols.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub caliber

Tam sim no, muaj ntau ntau cov qauv rau los caliber riam phom, yog li tsis tshua muaj tshwm thaum sim los sib piv cov caliber 45 thiab 16 (cov 45th rau ib co yog vim li cas, yog tsawg dua) los yog 5,45 thiab 3 kab (muaj tsawg tshaj li 5,45). Nyob rau hauv feem ntau European lub teb chaws, nrog rau Russia, gauge ntsuas yog ua nyob rau hauv lub metric system. Meters nyob rau hauv millimeters ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub pob tw. Raws li, rau phom loj cartridge txoj kab uas hla yog ib nyuag ntau dua (los ntawm rifling tob). Nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, cov UK thiab ib co lwm lub teb chaws, feem ntau cov tswv cuab ntawm British tebchaws, lub caliber ntawm qhov ntsuas yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov zauv feem ntawm ib nti, thiab nyob rau hauv lub US nyob rau hauv hundredths, raws li nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United Kingdom - nyob rau hauv thousandths. 45 Yog li ntawd, lub tebchaws United States yog sib npaug zos rau cov caliber 450 British thiab Lavxias teb sab 11,43. Nyob rau hauv no series sawv tawm du-tshau yos hav zoov phom. Lawv loj txhais tias yog cov mos txwv ib tug sib npaug zoo, uas muaj peev xwm raug muab pov los ntawm ib tug phaus ntawm cov hlau lead. Raws li, qhov me me thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub thoob, lub ntau dua yuav cia nyias qhov. Muaj kuj yog ib txuj kev ntsuas caliber, uas TV yog tam sim no me ntsis siv. Nws - kab. Ib tug kab muaj ib feem kaum ntawm ib nti, ntsig txog, nyob rau hauv cov phom loj Mosin 1893 qauv xyoo, tus naas ej trehlineyki caliber 3h2,54 = 7,62 millimeters. Peb tam sim no tig mus rau qhov kev tuav tsim ntawm ib tug melee riam phom.

system

Muaj ob lub ntsiab schemes: lub rab yaj phom thiab phom me. Nkawd ob leeg muaj lawv zoo thiab disadvantages. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm niaj hnub pistols yog cov kev ceev thiab yooj yim ntawm recharging, tau uas tsis siv neeg tua hluav taws (nyob rau hauv ib co qauv, rau piv txwv, Stechkin). Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm revolvers - siab cia siab rau, nws yog tsis tsim nyog yuav tsum raug xa puag ncig nyob rau hauv lub thoob tom qab them nyiaj thiab tsis muaj tsis siv neeg extraction cartridges, nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, zoo nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm secrecy, xws li qhov tshwj xeeb units.

45 caliber rab yaj phom rau nws tus kheej tiv thaiv

Nyob rau hauv 1911, lub North American United States (ces hu ua hauv lub tebchaws United States) tau txais yuav, zaum cov feem ntau zoo-paub phom nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Peb yuav tau tham txog "menyuam nees M1911", uas muaj 45 caliber. Qhov no semi-automatic rab yaj phom twb paub li qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua tsov rog rau nws tus kheej tiv thaiv vim nws cov high nres cia nyias txiav txim. nws lawm uas heev heev hloov khoom dua tshiab ntawd kub ntev li kom txog thaum 1982. Nws sawv los ntawm lub US Army kom txog rau thaum 1985, thiab cov private tswv ntawm nrov kom txog rau thaum tam sim no. Tag nrho cov raug tso tawm txog peb vam phom ntawm cov qauv no. Cov pistols, lwm yam tshaj li hauv lub tebchaws United States, twb nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab nrog rau cov British tub rog thiab cov Soviet Union (txais-Nyoog Cog Khiab Tsev), Norway, Fabkis, Nicaragua thiab El Salvador. Nyob rau hauv Estonia thiab nyob rau hauv Hiati tuaj lawv yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab mus rau hnub tim.

Phom - menyuam nees 45 caliber

Armory lub tuam txhab "menyuam nees" nyob rau hauv 1872, nyob rau nws cov qauv phom nyob rau hauv ib tug unitary rab yaj phom cartridge. Xyoo no twb xaiv, raws li qhov no yog thaum tus patent tso cai rau lub revolving nruas nrog los ntawm cov lag, yav tas los uas los ntawm ib tug competitor, lub tuam txhab 'Smith thiab Wesson. " Cov nram qab no xyoo, 1873, twb hais ib tug tshiab qauv phom, uas twb txais yuav los ntawm lub US Army. Rau 20 xyoo hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tub rog tau raug yuav txog 37 000 cov ntawv luam ntawm no riam phom. Cov tub rog phom muaj ib tug 45 caliber, civil - 44. Rau ntev 60 xyoo qhov teeb meem ntawm cov tub rog version twb txiav, tab sis nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 50 lub, mas vim yog lub US zaj duab xis kev lag luam thiab cov muaj koob meej ntawm westerns, qhov kev thov rau tus qauv "menyuam nees 1873" tau zus heev npaum li cas hais tias nyob rau hauv 1956 xyoo lawv lawm yog resumed thiab txuas ntxiv nrog ob peb cuam tshuam mus txog rau thaum tam sim no.

Mos txwv rau menyuam nees

Nyob rau hauv 1905, muaj ib lub nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yaj phom mos txwv, muaj ib tug 45 caliber. Hu chuck 45 ACP, nws tau tsim frankfordskim arsenal. Qhov no cov mos txwv sai sai los ua ib tug zoo vim lub zoo heev siv ceev xwmphem lub hwj chim. Nws yog qhov no cartridge xws nto moo caj npab kuaj tau tsim raws li ib rab yaj phom "menyuam nees M1911" thiab tsis siv neeg "Thompson." Txawm tias qhov no muaj ib co tsis zoo munition (vim qhov uas tsis muaj thawj zaug kev tshaj tawm thiab lub siab luj ntawm nws cov davhlau trajectory ntawm lub mos txwv yog deb ntawm tiaj), nws chaw mus rau lub sij hawm tam sim tsis poob. Ntxiv mus, rau cov tshiab cartridge txhob mus kuaj, xws li expansive ib tug tswj qhib hais tias "unfolds" lub allergic rau lub zoo qhov tob ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom lub cev tau tsim. Yog li ntawd rau ib ntev lub sij hawm lub legendary "menyuam nees" lub ruaj kuaj yuav muaj siab zoo siab kiv cua ntawm qhov riam phom.