Volf Erlih: biography, cov duab. Volf Erlih thiab Yesenin

Thaum pib ntawm lub Soviet era nyob rau hauv Russia twb cim los ntawm cov tsos ntawm ntau tej hauj lwm hauv cov ntawv nyeem, los ntawm tus cwj mem ntawm tus naas ej thiab tsis tau me ntsis-paub sau phau ntawv. Ib tug xws li txuj ci yog ib tug Soviet kws sau paj lug Volf Erlih, hais txog lub creation ntawm uas peb yuav tham nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

Yuav kom niaj hnub nyeem lub npe yuav luag tsis paub hais tias, tab sis contemporaries paub tiag tiag li thiab poignant nqe cov nqe lus ntawm no kws sau paj lug.

Yuav ua li cas yog nco txog yog tus txiv neej no?

Peb yuav sim teb lo lus nug no.

Childhood thiab tiav hluas ntawm lub kws sau paj lug

Hma Erlich yug nyob rau hauv Simbirsk nyob rau hauv 1902. Nws txiv yog ib tug kws muab tshuaj, nws niam - ib tug niam tsev. Npe menyuam yaus kws sau paj lug mus rov qab mus rau lub Hebrew lus, thiab txhais tau tias "Vajtswv cov tub qhe tug txiv neej."

Cov kws sau paj lug li ib tug neeg uas cov neeg Yudais tsev neeg yog qhov nyuaj heev los ua pov thawj lawv txoj cai los kawm ntawv qib siab. Ib tug me nyuam tub los ntawm thaum yau ua npau suav ntawm ib tug hauj lwm, thiab kev sau ntawv hwjchim ci ntsa iab. Nws brilliantly kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv, nws nkag mus hauv lub University of Kazan, txawm li cas los, tau txais ib daim ntawv kawm tiav ntawm no prestigious lub tsev kawm ntawv nws ua tsis tau tejyam: lub Civil War pib, uas dheev hloov lub neej ntawm ib lub xeev cov tub ntxhais hluas.

Volf Erlih tuaj koom lub Red Army, tab sis mus tua raws li ib tug yooj yim tub rog nws tsis muaj. Uas qhia nws txoj kev kawm ntawv, nws raug tsa Secretary ntawm lub Department of Education qhia kev kuaj.

Tom qab tsov rog, nws tau tsiv mus rau lub ces post-revolutionary Petrograd, txiav txim siab mus ntxiv nws kev tshawb fawb, nws nkag mus hauv cov zajlus thiab kos duab department ntawm Petrograd University, tab sis tau raug tshem tawm kev kawm ua hauj lwm.

Thaum lub sij hawm cov xyoo, cov tub ntxhais kws sau paj lug los ua intimate nrog ib lub voj voog Imagist, nrhiav mus nrhiav kom tau nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov zajlus teb.

txawj zoo

Txij li thaum 1926, Volf Erlih pib luam tawm lawv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv xovxwm, ib tug tom qab lwm yam, nws tso ib tug sau ntawm kwv huam. Ntawm lawv, ib phau ntawv hu ua "Lub Zos", "Arsenal", "Hma hnub" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Peb xyoos tom qab (nyob rau hauv 1929) nws luam tawm nws cov paj huam nplooj siab mus rau lub revolutionary-narodnitse Sofe Perovskoy, cov lub assassination ntawm huab tais Alexander. Nws cov kwv huam tau nyob rau hauv lub nrov txawj cov phau ntawv Magazine ntawm lub sij hawm xws li cov "liab Hmo ntuj", "Star", "Kawm Ntawv nyeem".

Volf Iosifovich Erlih los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub tshiab tsim Union ntawm Writers. Twb tau nyob rau lub caij 20 lub, nws yog xav nyob rau hauv neeg txhais lus, ntau hloov siab los ntseeg mus rau lub Armenian lus.

nruab nrab xyoo

Ehrlich combines txawj ua hauj lwm nrog zog ua hauj lwm rau cov kev pab ntawm lub Bolshevik tog.

Yog li ntawd, txij li thaum 1925, nws glosses tshaj rau txoj hauj lwm, uas yog hu ua "KGB." Nws yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub luag hauj lwm ncej ntawm lub Leningrad Council.

Tom qab ntawd, Ehrlich hauj lwm raws li ib tug editor ntawm ob peb phau ntawv sau cov phau ntawv Magazine, yog ua hauj lwm rau ib tug screenplay.

Nws lub neej twb tragically txiav luv luv. Qhov no stems los ntawm kev tsuj pib uas Stalin li qhia siv kuj caum ntawm cov qub Bolsheviks. Nyob rau hauv 1937, lub kws sau paj lug twb puas tau raug ntes thiab raug txim nyob rau hauv lub infamous tsab xov xwm suav 58 rau txoj kev tuag, cov kab lus twb nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo.

Hlub rau Armenia

Muaj ntau ntawm cov kwv huam sau ntawv rau nws lub neej Volf Erlih, nws biography qhia cov kev pab ntawm nws kev tshoov siab. Thiab ib tug ntawm lawv yog Armenia.

Nws cov thawj ntsug rau lub teb chaws Ehrlich ua nrog Tikhonov nyob rau hauv lub 20s. Nws poob nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov chaw. Cov kws sau paj lug sau tom qab nyob rau hauv nws cov tsiaj ntawv rau nws tsev neeg, muaj yog tsis muaj dab tsi zoo dua nws tau puas tau pom.

Cov kws sau paj lug tau tsim ib lub voj voog ntawm cov kwv huam txog Armenia, uas yog ces muaj nyob rau hauv nws lub collections "Alagezskie dab neeg", "Armenia" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Thaum lub sij hawm so ntawm lawv lub neej yog li ntawd thov kom tuaj mus rau cov cheeb tsam no. Ntawm no nws twb puas tau raug ntes. Cov phooj ywg ntseeg hais tias nws twb puas tau raug ntes los ntawm lub caij nyoog. Nyob rau hnub no, nws tuaj nyob rau ib tug mus ntsib mus rau ib qho Armenian tsev neeg, tsiab peb caug lasted kom txog thaum lig nyob rau hauv lub yav tsaus ntuj, thiab thaum hmo ntuj tus tswv tuaj ntes cov NKVD. Ua ke nrog rau tag nrho cov tau puas tau raug ntes thiab Ehrlich. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm kuv tsis tau paub dab tsi txog nws txoj hmoo. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1956, nws tsev neeg tau txais ib tug xaus rau nws posthumous kev ncaj ncees.

Friendship nrog S.Yesenin

Volf Erlih thiab Yesenin cov phooj ywg, lawv tau koom los ntawm ib tug ntau txoj hmoo nyob rau hauv cov kev ua ub ntawm "qhov kev txiav txim" Imagist, cov kev txaus siab thiab views on ntaub ntawv. Ehrlich feem ntau txaus siab rau nws feemxyuam phooj ywg, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nws tej hauj lwm, miv ob leeg paj huam readings.

Mus txog nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis, 1925 nyob rau hauv Leningrad, Yesenin xav nyob nrog Ehrlich, tab sis, ces hloov nws lub siab thiab coj ib chav tsev nyob rau hauv lub infamous tsev so nyob rau hauv lub nroog qhov chaw. Ehrlich, nws muab nws farewell zaj paj huam "Good-bye, kuv tus phooj ywg", uas hais kom nyeem ntawv tom tsev.

Ehrlich complied nrog qhov kev thov, tab sis thaum nyob rau hauv tsev, nws nyeem ib zaj paj huam, nws pom hais tias nws kab tau sau nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Nws khiav rov qab mus rau lub tsev so, tab sis Yesenin tuag lawm.

Tom qab tus foundations ntawm lub cev Sergeya Esenina nyob rau hauv lub tsev so Ehrlich pab nrog pam tuag kev npaj rau. Nws hais nyob rau ntawm lub rooj plaub, uas qhia them nyiaj yug rau lub version ntawm yus tua yus los qhia cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub xeem kwv huam Yesenin.

Ib txhia niaj hnub txawj scholars muaj tswvyim sib txawv Ehrlich lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tus muaj hmoo thiab txoj kev tuag Esenina. Ib txhia hais tias nws hais tias nws yog ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm lub GPU, li ntawd, nws kev sib raug zoo nrog tus poj poet yog tsis phooj ywg, tab sis banal shadowing. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau teb cov neeg no tom qab tag nrho cov xyoo los ntawm lub hnub ntawm txoj kev tuag thiab Esenina, thiab ntawm Ehrlich. Esenina tsuas yog lo lus teb kab, nyob rau hauv uas nws yog hais txog Ehrlich raws li ib tug phooj ywg zoo.

Lub ntsiab lus tswv yim txoj kev kws sau paj lug

Muaj ntau contemporaries nco qab txog Volf Erlih. Daim duab nws ua nyob rau hauv 1928 yuav muab nws ib tug coj tus txiv neej uas paub tus nqi ntawm nws lo lus.

Nws contemporaries xav hais tias lub tragic kev tuag ntawm Hma tsoo tsis tau tsuas yog nws lub neej, tab sis kuj rau yav tom ntej ntawm kev sau ntawv zoo. Ehrlich tus txuj ci tseem qhib nyob rau hauv tag nrho, lub kws sau paj lug yog tag nrho ntawm muaj tswv yim rog thiab kev cia siab, tab sis ua tsis tau tejyam rau siv lawv nrog ib tug zoo ntawm tu siab txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg ntawm nws tiam, dhau los ntawm lub crucible ntawm civil tsov rog, tag nrho ntawm txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub tau ntawm lub tsev ib socialist haiv neeg ntawm txoj kev vam meej, ua yuam kev teb siv ntawm ib tug tshiab lub xeev, txawm li cas los, ntes tau nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm ntxhov thiab txaus ntshai muaj tiag hais tias coj lawv mus rau liam.