Muaj cov txheej xwm, ploj thiab jammed nyob rau hauv keeb kwm, lwm leej lwm tus - nyob rau tsis tooj, vibrant thiab muaj nuj nqis, uas nws nco tsis ploj xyoo los ntawm lub xyoo, thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis poob, raws li nws, thiab qhov no yog tsis nyiam ib tug ntau. Sau "Zadonshchina" txawj ua hauj lwm, daim ntawv sau tsocai tom qab cov txheej xwm nyob rau Kulikovo teb, hais tias lub hwjchim ci ntsa iab ntawm no yeej swept lub ntiaj teb no mus Constantinople, thiab cov tub tuaj qhuas los ntawm tag nrho cov sab rau nej tau yeej lub Tartar pab tub rog. Yuav ua li cas ib qho tseem ceeb yog nws paub txhua txhua Lavxias teb sab thiab yuav tsum tau paub hais tias, thaum nws yog tus sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kulikov, dab tsi yog nws cov ntsiab lus thiab tseem ceeb.
Feudal fragmentation tsis muaj zog txaus tiv thaiv lub teb chaws, uas yog lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau lub tsev lag luam nyob rau hauv Russia ntawm lub Tatar-Mongol quab nyob rau hauv 1237-1240 xyoo. Thaum twg yog lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kulikov, fragmentation yog tsis tshaj kiag li, tab sis centripetal tendencies twb tshwm tag. Moscow sawv ntau thiab ntau, kuj yog ib sab ntsuj plig thiab kev nom kev tswv chaw ntawm lub sab qaum teb-eastern principalities. Nyob rau hauv lub Golden Horde, on qhov tsis tooj, muaj ib lub sij hawm ntawm tawm tsam rau lub hwj chim. Txawm li cas los, lub tswv yim npaj tshiab Temnik Mamay tug phiaj los nqis tes tiv thaiv tsis tau Russia. Tej hau kev kawm ntawm no, Moscow tub huabtais Dmitry Ivanovich nrawm nroos npaaj cov kws muaj txuj ci, thiab ces npaj kom tau raws li Mongolian troops kom tsis txhob yeej ntawm nws thaj av. Xa ib tsab ntawv mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab princes, Dmitry Donskoy (ib lub npe nws yuav tau txais tom qab winning) tsa sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv Kolomna. Yuav luag tag nrho cov thawj coj ntawm lub North-Eastern Russia xa nws cov txee. Lub ua ke pab tub rog, muaj raws kwv yees li ntawm 50-60 txhiab warriors, tuaj tawm kom tau raws li tus yeeb ncuab. Mamay, unprepared rau no tig ntawm cov txheej xwm, twb npaum li cas los ntawm surprise.
Lub ob pab tub rog tau ntsib nyob rau hauv tus ntug dej ntawm lub Don, qhov twg nws ntws mus rau hauv lub inflow Nepryadva rau Kulikovo teb. Mamayev hordes superior Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog nyob rau hauv xov tooj, thiab nws ntseeg ntawm yeej. Tab sis Cuaj hlis 8, 1380, thaum nws yog tus sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kulikov, Lavxias teb sab riam phom yeej thawj, nyob rau hauv xws lub hwj chim thiab tau, lub yeej tshaj qhov Mongol-Tatars. Nyob rau centuries, fwm pej xeem nco cov duab ntawm Lavxias teb sab heroes, tus mlom Alexander Peresvet, lub sib ntaus sib tua pib hnub ntawd nrog Tartar warrior Chelubey thiab tuag nyob rau hauv lub battlefield. Dmitri Ivanovich tsis pov tseg rau hauv ib zaug rau tag nrho cov tub rog, tawm hauv lub tos kev tua tso kom muaj kab muaj kev nyob ze ntawm lub Oaks. Allowance nyob rau hauv Dmitry Volyn, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm mus koom lub sib ntaus sib tua, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, txiav txim siab lub sij hawm ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua. Nkees Tatar cov tub rog, yog twb xav lub yeej, tsis tau ciaj sia lub onslaught ntawm tshiab Lavxias teb sab rog thiab khiav. Nyob rau hauv battlefield, sab laug dag nyob ib ncig ntawm ib nrab ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Dmitry Ivanovich.
Tu siab, nyob ib lub sij hawm thaum muaj ib lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kulikov, tsis tau ua tiav Mongol-Tatar yoke, lub Lavxias teb sab principalities raug yuam tom qab 1382 rau rov pib dua cov nyiaj them ntawm tribute rau lub Horde vim hais tias ntawm lub crushing phiaj los nqis tes ntawm Khan Tokhtamysh, tab sis qhov no tsis detract los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov feat ntawm txhais tes rau ntawm lub tshav pob ntawm Kulikovo. Lub ob leeg nriaj koom Lavxias teb sab neeg pab mus rau kev koom ua ke ntawm lub sab qaum teb-eastern principalities coj los Moscow, muab txhim khu kev qha rau ib tug hais tso tawm.
Nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no xyoo lawm, lub chaw ntawm purchase ntawv rau lub falsification ntawm keeb kwm thiab kho nqi lus nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm "keeb kwm qhov tseeb" ntawm ntau yam txheej xwm, xws li lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kulikov. Thiab lub sib ntaus sib tua yog li ntawd-vim li ntawd, tsis tseem ceeb txaus kev tshwm sim, tsis yog nws rau lub Don, thiab, nws zoo nkaus li, nyob rau hauv Moscow, thiab nws niam - ib tug tsim txom los ntawm aggression Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Moscow, thiab cov zoo li meej. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm historians tuaj koom lub sib cav tswv yim nrog xws li publicists, refuting lawv cov lus sib cav yog irrefutable tseeb.
Peb yuav pom zoo hais tias qhov kawg ntawm lub 14th caug xyoo - yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm bygone hnub, ntau ntau zaj dab neeg tau ua legendary cim, thiab qhov no yog ntuj. Tab sis lub ntsiab kev tshwm sim tseem unchanged, qhov chaw thiab lub sij hawm ntawm qhov tseeb, lub keeb kwm tseem ceeb tsis tau hloov. Ib tug pseudo-historians, depriving lub Lavxias teb sab xeev thiab lub heroes ntawm lub yeej nyob rau hauv tus caum qab ntawm nov ntawm nqaij tawv, dab tsi hom phiaj teem rau lawv tus kheej? Txawm nws yog, nws tawm tsam cov keeb kwm moj khaum tsim nyog rau qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug muaj zog lub xeev.