Riam phom rau koj tus kheej kheej "Sprut-SD" 2S25: tus yam ntxwv thiab duab

Nyob rau hauv xyoo 1980, NATO lub teb chaws tau pib tsim tsa lawv cov riam phom. Qhov no yog lub zog rau lub Central Scientific Research Institute los tsim ib lub tswvyim tshiab rau kev tsim tub rog cov cuab yeej siv rau cov tub rog hauv USSR. Yuav kom tsim tau ib qho cuab yeej ua tau zoo ntawm kev tawm tsam NATO tsheb, thaum xyoo 1990, lub koom tes ua ke Volgograd Tsav Tsheb Nroj Tsuag tau tsim ib qhov kev tiv thaiv tua tus kheej 2S25 "Sprut SD" tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau Airborne Forces ntawm Russia.

Txog cov sau phau ntawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob

"Sprut-SD" 2S25 yog ib tug Lavxias plav tawm ntawm tus kheej siv phom tua phom. Lub ntsiab tsim qauv, koom nrog rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm lub chassis, yog A. V. Shabalin. Lub 125-mm phom 2A75 rau "Sprut-SD" 2S25 yog tsim los ntawm VI Nasedkin. Ua hauj lwm rau cov creation ntawm no Lavxias teb sab anti-tank riam phom twb nqa tawm ntawm Central Research Lub koom haum ntawm Precision Engineering.

Pib ntawm kev tsim

Nyob rau xyoo 1982, raws li BMP-2 kev sib ntaus sib tua tsheb, tus qauv SAU 2S25 "Sprut-SD" tau tsim, tsim rau ib tug caliber ntawm 125 hli. Qhov no yog qhov kev pom zoo uas siv cov chav nyob thiab kev sibtham ntawm lub tsheb thauj mus los ntawm kev kub ntxhov nws yog qhov ua tau kom tsim tau ib qho tshiab, zoo heev txog riam phom. Kev tswj ntawm Central Research Institute Tochmash txiav txim siab tias tsim ib lub nrig chassis nws yog ib qhov ua tau los siv lub teeb lub nras "Object 934", uas tau nruab nrog ib tug hnav 100 mm phom ywm phom nrog lub charging automaton tsim rau 19 ib ncig.

Ib qho ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau ua lub hauv paus rau tsim ib daim qauv ntawm ib rab phom 125-mm. Lub "Sprut-SD" tank tau muab kho dua tam sim no muaj kev sib tw nrog 125mm rab phom. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev, ib lub tswv yim zoo ntauwd tau siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg tsim qauv tsim kev xaiv rau kev tshem tawm riam phom.

Kev Xeem

Nyob rau hauv 1984, rau cov kev paub tua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw xeem hauv Kubinka yog thauj "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov kev tswj tshiab tuaj yeem pom tias qhov tseeb ntawm cov hluav taws nws tsis yog ua rau lub nkoj phom, thiab lub nra ntawm cov neeg coob thiab cov phom nws tus kheej tsis pub tshaj qhov txwv. Lub Kaum Hlis 20, 1985, Lub Tsev Ua Haujlwm Cov Tub Rog Txiav Txim Siab tau txiav txim siab pib tsim tawm ntawm 125-millimeter tus tuav rau lub Sprut-SD 2C25.

Muaj dab tsi los xij cov neeg tsim khoom tsim muaj thaum tsim txoj kev tsaws tau?

Txhais tau hais tias P260, kom tau txais qhov tsaws ntawm cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm tus kheej, thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev kuaj pom tau pom ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev tsis haum:

• Lawv cov khoom yog kim;
• Kev siv P260 yog qhov nyuaj.

Yog li ntawd, kev ua hauj lwm rau ntawm lub tsho hlau-txhais tau raug tso tseg, thiab qhov chaw P260 yog nyob hauv los ntawm ib daim ntawv dawb, uas tau txais lub npe P260 M.

"Sprut-SD" 2S25 yog dab tsi? Kev piav qhia ntawm kev tsim kho

Self-Propelled artillery unit yog ib tug kev sib ntaus los tracked armored amphibious tsheb, siv li riam phom haib artillery thiab missile systems.

ACS muaj peb ntu - chaw nyob:

• Hauv ntej, muaj ib yam khoom muab kev tswj ntawm lub Sprut-SD 2C25 tshuab. Lub yees duab hauv qab no yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv rau nws tus kheej. Lub tuam tsev no yog tsim los rau peb tus neeg: tus thawj coj ntawm tus kheej-gunned kheej, phom tua thiab tus neeg tsav tsheb. Nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsheb sib tsoo rau cov neeg coob muaj kev tsom xam nrog rau nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj.

• Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cov ntaub ntawv muaj ib tug pej thuam ntawm lub installation. Chav tsev yog ntaus los. Qhov pom, npaj rau cov txwj laug hauv cov neeg coob, yog tsim ua ke: qhov uas nws ua rau nws ob sab dav hlau vim kev sib ncag nrog lub laser pom. Lub 125-hli projectile yog coj los ntawm ib txoj kab teeb laser.
• Cov sab nraub qaum yog suav tias yog qhov chaw ntawm lub cev muaj zog kis.

Kev npaj ntawm ib qho chaw ua haujlwm rau tus thawj coj

Ntawm qhov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb, cov designers ntawm qhov kev pab cuam artillery muab rau kev kuaj pom xws li:

• Hnub monocular periscope pom 1A40-M1, uas muaj qhov pom ntawm kev nyab xeeb;
• Night optic-electronic complex TO1-KO1R;
• Laser rangefinder, uas tus commander ntsuas qhov kev ncua deb mus rau lub hom phiaj thiab ua kom muaj lub zog ua ntej tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm qhib tua hluav taws;
• Ib cov ntaub ntawv channel, los ntawm kev siv lub missile guided coj thiab launched;
• Tus thaub qab khoom plig thiab khoom siv thev naus laus zis los siv los ntawm tus neeg siv;
• Ib lub rooj sib tham tshwj xeeb uas ua haujlwm ntawm lub automation thaum nws them nyiaj;
• Tus tsav tsheb muab kev sib txuas lus ua ke ntawm tus thawj coj thiab tus neeg siv phom.

Dab tsi yog qhov kev paub tab ntawm tus commander ntawm cov neeg coob?

Ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov pab pawg, siv qhov muag pom nruab hnub thiab hnub, tsom kwm qhov chaw. Tus commander ntawm no tus kheej-propelled artillery installation, ywj siab ntawm tus gunner, tau ua zoo aimed ntawm ob qho tib si ntawm rab phom tshuab thiab ib tug cannon. Qhov kev tawm tsam no yog muab los ntawm kev tswj hwm hluav taws hauv computer: Yog tias thawj cov ntaub ntawv tseem muaj, lub computer ballistic lub computer suav cov ces kaum thiab kev cia siab nrog kev pabcuam ntawm cov tsav tsheb. Vim qhov kev ua no, tus commander tsis tau ua rau kev ua kom tau qhov kev siv dag zog thiab kev pom txawv. Tus commander yuav dawb do ua shooting.

Yuav ua li cas yog kev tsim riam phom?

Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tua hluav taws los tiv thaiv tus kheej-rau qhov kawm ntawm cov phom tau suav nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Lub hom phiaj thiab ntau yam ntawm nws cov dej num tau siv los ntaus cov yeeb ncuab tso tawm. Ua ntej, txoj hauj lwm no tau ua los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam xws li PT-76B thiab "Object 934". Lawv hloov nrog lub advent ntawm 2S25 "Sprut-SD". Lub tshuab tua hluav taws, tsis zoo li lwm lub teeb hluav taws xob, muaj hluav taws kub dua. Maneuverability thiab patency ntawm tus tshiab ACS sib raug rau cov yam ntxwv raug rau kev sib ntaus los ntawm kev sib tsoo roj teeb. "Sprut-SD" yog ib lub caij nyoog zoo thiab ntau tshaj plaws ntawm PT-76B.

Nyob rau hauv dab tsi mob nws yog siv?

"Sprut-SD" nyob rau hauv ib qho tsis muaj refueling kov yeej ncua tsis pub tsawg tshaj 500 km. Kev thauj mus los ACS yog ua tiav los ntawm cov tub rog thauj mus los. Kuj tseem ceeb rau cov hom phiaj no yuav tau siv. Tuav txoj kev txhim kho nws cov neeg tsim khoom tsim kev tso cai thiab kev kho mob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua yog nyob hauv nws lub tsev txias. Muaj lub zog tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws, "Sprut-SD" yog tsim rau kev ua haujlwm ua kev lag luam ob qho tib si hauv high-mountainous terrain thiab nyob rau hauv kub huab cua sov huab cua.

Lub SAU tau ua kom tus yeeb ncuab cov cuab yeej ntaus rog heev, nws cov ntsiab lus muaj zog thiab muaj zog. Kev kov yeej kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog qhov ua tau hais tias qhov excitement tsis tshaj 3 points. Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv dej phom roob tej zaum yuav muab nruab vim lub chassis dej dav hlau xyaw. Lub pob zeb ntim ntawm lub installation yog muab los ntawm kev siv dej cushions nrog ib txoj kab uas hle ntawm 34 cm ua haujlwm log thiab tuav caj dab. Tus qauv tsim ntawm kev tswj tsis siv neeg kaw tau kaw cov cua nta. Thaum cov dej nkag hauv vaj tse, siv cov khoom siv dej tau siv coj los siv. Ua tau quaj, tus "Sprut-SD" tau hluav taws.

Tom qab ua tiav nws lub hom phiaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, ACS raug kho kom yoojyim los ntawm dej ntws mus rau hauv lub nkoj tsaws.

Cov kab mob snowmobile thiab khau asphalt yog siv tshwj xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw uas muaj snow-duav. "Sprut-SD" yog tsim rau thaj chaw uas tau txais hluav taws xob, tshuaj lom thiab tshuaj lom kabmob. Cov neeg ua hauj lwm muaj kev ruaj ntseg muaj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj.

Lub cav tshuab artillery mas tau npog los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb. Rau qhov laj thawj no, tus neeg tsim daim qauv (19 daim) ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj SAU, uas muaj rau 902B lub nroog tua hluav taws siv 81 hli grenade grenades.

Vim li cas lub hom phiaj tau tsim lub tsheb tau tsim?

Thaum pib, lub SAU tau tsim los tiv thaiv tso tsheb hlau luam, ntau yam tsheb npav thiab muaj zog. 2S 25 "Sprut-SD" - tiv thaiv tsheb ntawm kev them nyiaj yug hluav taws - yog npaj rau cov tub rog hauv plav. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus kheej-propelled kheej-propelled artillery unit yog mus tua cov cuab yeej armored nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Sij hawm dhau los, nws tau los ua ib feem ntawm Marine Corps thiab tshwj xeeb rog. Kev paub siv 2S25 tsom xam tias, los ntawm kev sib tsoo nrog lub BMD-4 lub tsheb muaj nruab nrog 100-mm rab phom thiab tus kheej pob taws Kws AtGM, lub Sprut-SD yuav ua tau zoo heev tsis yog nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj qha sib ntaus sib tua uas Coj hauv av ua rog ntawm Rog Rog Rog Russia.

Nyob rau hauv lub interval los ntawm 2001 mus rau 2006, tom qab kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv, Cov Lavxias Federation Federation tau txais "Sprut-SD" 2S25 kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv lawv qhov chaw.

Ntsiab Ntaus

Lub luj ntawm lub tsheb sib ntaus yog 18 tons. Cov neeg coob muaj peb tus neeg. Lub hwj huam yog 500 km. Lub undercarriage muaj xya rubberized khiav txoj kab, rau tib qho kev rubberized rollers, tsav tsheb thiab kauj log, hlau ob-caterpillar lem uas siv rubber-hlau hinges, thiab asphalt nkawm khau. Qhov ntev ntawm qhov kev tswj tsis siv tshuaj nrog lub phom yog 9.77 meters.

Kev sib ntaus sib tua tsheb yog nruab nrog ib tug rau-plaub kheej plaub-stroke opposed cav tsheb nrog supercharging thiab nyiaj tso ncaj qha ntawm roj, rau cov uas txias txias yog muab. 2V-06-2S - lub npe ntawm lub cav ntsia "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cav cia qhov kev tswj tsis pub siv los tsim tus ceev ntawm 45 (nruab nrab) txog 70 km / h.

Qhov kev tswj tsis siv neeg yog siv nrog cov thom khwm tsis muaj qhov thaiv. Sab xub ntiag muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov hits ncaj nraim ntawm 23 hli los ntawm ib nrab ntawm ib nrab mais. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm manufacturing armor rau ib lub tsheb sib ntaus, cov txhuas txhuas tau siv (rau lub cev ntawm qhov kev tswj tsis siv neeg thiab nws cov yees). Sab nraub qaum ua tau siv cov steel linings. Yuav kom tshwj kom txhob lub tsheb muab cov xov tooj cua R-173 thiab kev sib txuas lus kiag li lawm P-174.

Cov cua daj cua dub tsaws ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua yog coj los ntawm IL-76 (qauv M thiab MD), AN-124. Kev siv lub txim sab nraud rau lub peev xwm MI-26 kuj tseem tso cai rau qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus kheej nyob rau hauv tsev "Sprut-SD" 2S25.

Siv tub rog ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub rog tau zoo los ntawm ib rab phom rau tus kheej, nruab nrog ib tus qhab noom 2A 75 thiab ib lub tshuab PKT tshuab nrog nws. Kev sib ntaus los ntawm lub ntsiab phom 2A75 yog tsim rau 40 koob tshuaj. Mechanised tso nrog 22 mos txwv. Ntxiv - 18. Lub caliber ntawm lub tshuab phom: 7.62 hli. Ib tug tshuab-phom daim kab xev muaj 2,000 rounds.

Dab tsi zoo li siv?

Muas txwv ntawm lub tsheb tauj tsuaj muaj cov zoo li, uas ua kom nws tua tau plaub hom:

• Cov nplai tawg heev (20 xuab moos).
• Kev Txhaum Tes Tho (14 daim). Los ntawm kev ua tau zoo firing armor-tho projectiles nrog ib tug ob-kilometer deb, yuav punched homogeneous armored steel, uas nws thickness tsis pub tshaj 23 cm.
• Nres cov pob zeb (6 pieces). Punch homogeneous steel armor thickness ntawm mus txog 30 cm.
• Ntaus nrog cov foob pob hluav taws coj los tiv thaiv. Txhaum ntawm cov ris tsho ua rog, lub thickness ntawm uas tshaj 35 cm.

Cov khoom siv installation yooj yim

Siv lub 2A46 tank phom thiab nws cov kev hloov kho, tus 2S25 designers tsim ib qho siab heev 125mm smooth-bore gun 2A75. Yuav kom txo tau qhov tsis kam mus rau kickbacks thaum lub sij hawm shooting, nws tau npaj kom muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb muzzle nres nyob rau hauv lub installation. Tab sis vim tias cov hauj lwm no muaj teeb meem nrog kev xa rov qab ntawm rab phom, uas tau daws los ntawm kev ua kom ntev ntev mus rau 74 cm. Ntxiv rau, kev tshem tawm ntawm lub chassis raug tsim tawm, cov mechanism uas tau muab cov residuals los ntawm kev rov ua dua lub zog.

Lub 2A75 cannon yog nruab nrog lub roj teeb uas cuam tshuam rau qhov kev tua ntawm rab phom ntawm qhov phom: nyob rau hauv ib feeb, nws yog ua tau rau txim tuag 7 txhaj tshuaj. Lub automation muaj xws li:

• Ib qho khoom siv sib txuas nrog nruab nrog 22 lub cassettes;
• Chain mechanism uas nqa cov cassettes;
• Saw xa ntawv;
• Mechanism, uas tshem tawm ntawm lub warhead ntawm lub txheej ntawm fired shells.

Xaus

Lub tsheb ciav hlau ntawm lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua "Sprut-SD" tsis zoo rau cov tub luam li T-80 thiab T-90. Highilityility nyob rau hauv av thiab hauv dej tau tso cai rau SAU 2S25 mus txog qib BMD-3 kev sib ntaus sib tua. Vim cov qauv tsim - lub peev xwm ntawm lub turret nyob rau hauv qhov kev tswj tsis siv neeg los ua kev voj voog thiab tswj kev sib tsoo hauv ob lub dav hlau - "Sprut-SD" yuav siv tau los ua cov dej txias zom ntsa, uas hnub no tsis tau tsim muaj cov analogues.

Tus kheej-propelled artillery unit, tsim los ntawm Russian designers, aroused kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub armed rog ntawm Kauslim thiab Is Nrias teb.