Reactive zog nyob rau hauv hwj chim. Ris rau reactive zog

Hluav taws xob cov system generates tag nrho lub zog, uas yog muab faib ua pab tau, los yog kom nquag plias thiab residual hu ua reactive lub hwj chim. Lub fact tias nws yog thiab yuav ua li cas nws yog nqa tawm nyiaj txiag, tsab xov xwm no yuav qhia tau.

Qhov seem zog: yog dab tsi?

Tag nrho cov hluav taws xob lub tsheb uas hais reactive thiab active ntsiab. Lawv kuj haus hluav taws xob. Cov no muaj xws reactive tebchaw cables, capacitors thiab transformer windings.

Thaum lub sij hawm hauv chav kawm ntawm cov AC impedances indexed reactive electromotive rog uas tsim reactive tam sim no.

Nyob rau hauv sib thiab cov khoom siv, generating alternating tam sim no siv nyob rau hauv lub hwj huam mov reactive zog, uas tsim ib tug sib nqus teb ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob field.

Nyhuv ntawm lub inductive reactance ntawm lub magnetic teb los tsim

Tag nrho cov pab kiag li lawm uas yog powered los ntawm cov mains, muaj inductive reactance. Nws yog ua tsaug rau nws tias tam sim no thiab voltage yog opposite tej yam tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, lub voltage muaj ib tug tsis zoo kos npe rau, thiab tam sim no - zoo, los yog vice versa.

Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub inductive caij nyob rau hauv cia, lub vibrational taw yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub network vim lub load los ntawm cov generator thiab rov qab dua. Qhov no yog hu ua reactive lub hwj chim, uas tsim ib tug sib nqus teb ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob field.

Vim li cas koj xav tau reactive zog?

Peb yuav hais tias nws yog aimed ntawm kev cai cov kev hloov uas ua rau lub network tam sim no. Cov muaj xws li:

• Txhawb magnetic teb thaum lub sij hawm inductance nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court;
• nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm capacitors thiab nyob ntawm tej xwb them nyiaj yug.

Teeb meem nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm reactive hwj chim

Yog hais tias lub network muaj ib tug loj sib qhia ntawm cov cim ntawm reactive lub hwj chim, nws yog tsim nyog los:

• kom lub peev xwm ntawm lub hwj chim pab kiag li lawm uas yog tsim los rau cov hloov hluav taws xob lub zog ntawm lub voltage nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob lub zog sib txawv voltage qhov tseem ceeb;
• kom cable seem;
• kev sib ntaus los nce hwj chim losses nyob rau hauv hwj chim kiag li lawm thiab kis tau tus mob kab;
• kom tus nqi rau hluav taws xob noj;
• kam nrog rau poob ntawm mov voltage.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv ntawm active thiab reactive zog?

Cov neeg yuav siv los them rau cov hluav taws xob uas lawv haus. Lawv them nyiaj rau lub zog siv rau cov cua kub, ua noj ua haus, dej cua kub nyob rau hauv lub chav dej (uas siv rau ib tug neeg thooj voos kheej kheej), thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb hluav taws xob lub zog. Nws yog hu ua kom nquag plias.

Active thiab reactive hwj chim yog txawv nyob rau hauv uas lub thib ob nruab nrab yog cov seem ntawm lub zog uas yog tsis siv rau pab ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nkawd ob leeg tsim ib tug tag nrho cov hwj huam. Raws li, tau txais kev pab yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsim rau them nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub ntau yam thiab reactive zog nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim, thiab lwm yog ib qho kev zoo uas lawv them rau tag nrho cov muaj peev xwm. Puas yuav ua tau rau ua cas daws tau qhov teeb meem? Cia saib nws.

Lub measured zog noj?

Yuav kom ntsuas lub ntim zog siv kom nquag plias thiab reactive zog 'meter'. Tag nrho cov txee raug muab faib mus rau hauv ib theem thiab peb theem. Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv?

Tib theem meters yog siv rau cov tis ntawm cov hluav taws xob kev pab, uas siv nws rau domestic siv. Fais fab theem tam sim no yog ua.

Peb-theem meters yog siv dab tsi rau tag nrho cov zog. Lawv cov dej num raws li lub hwj huam mov Circuit Court nyob rau hauv peb- thiab plaub.

Pom qhov txawv rau ib txoj kev nruab tej txee

Los ntawm txoj kev uas lawv muaj, lawv muab faib ua peb pawg:

1. Tsis txhob siv transformers thiab ncaj qha mus muaj nyob rau hauv qhov ncaj kev twb kev txuas network txee.
2. Siv hwj chim pab kiag li lawm xws li tej txee polukosvennogo menyuamuas.
3. Txee indirect kev twb kev txuas. Lawv muaj kev cob cog rau lub network, tsis tsuas nrog rau kev siv ntawm lub hwj chim tam sim no kiag li lawm, tab sis kuj nrog kev siv ntawm voltage transformers.

Pom qhov txawv rau ib txoj kev ntawm kev them nyiaj txee

Los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov uas them rau hluav taws xob meters yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv lub nram qab no pab pawg:

1. Tej txee, raws li nyob rau kev siv ntawm ob tariffs - lawv kev txiav txim yog hais tias tus nqi ntawm lub zog noj mas nws txawv thoob plaws hauv lub hnub. Uas yog, nyob rau hauv lub yav sawv ntxov thiab nyob rau hauv lub yav tav su nws yog me me tshaj nyob rau hauv rau yav tsaus ntuj.
2. Txee them ua ntej - lawv txiav txim yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub fact tias tus neeg them rau hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv ua ntej, raws li nws yog nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb qhov chaw ntawm chaw nyob.
3. Txee qhia lub siab tshaj plaws load - cov qhua tuaj noj mov them nyias rau lub zog noj thiab lub siab tshaj plaws load.

Ris rau tag nrho cov hwj chim

Ris rau pab lub zog yog qhia rau lub ntsiab txhais:

1. Cov hluav taws xob lub zog generated los ntawm cov machine rau zus tau tej cov voltage ntawm lub hwj chim nroj tsuag.
2. tus nqi ntawm lub zog uas yog noj rau tus kheej xav tau kev pab ntawm substations thiab fais fab nroj tsuag.
3. Hluav taws xob siv tswj nyob rau hauv nws cov neeg muas zaub.
4. Zog pauv mus rau lwm yam hwj huam lub nruab.
5. Electric zog, uas yog muab tso rau hauv lub ntsia ntawm lub hwj chim tau txais kev pab.

Xav txog reactive hluav taws xob kev pab nyob rau hauv cov kis ntawm lub hwj chim yog tsuas yog yuav tsum tau, yog hais tias cov ntaub ntawv yog suav thiab kev tswj ntaus ntawv lag luam hom, compensating no lub zog.

Qhov twg yog soj ntsuam seem zog?

Txee reactive hwj chim txheej:

1. Tab sis qhov twg thiab tej txee uas pab tau zog accounting. Teem lawv tau txais kev pab, leej twg them rau tag nrho cov muaj peev xwm lawv siv.
2. Nyob rau reactive hwj chim kev twb kev txuas ntawm qhov chaw rau cov kev pab. Qhov no yog ua li cas, yog hais tias nws yog tsim nyog los tswj cov txheej txheem kev kawm ntawv.

Yog hais tias tus neeg siv yog tau tso cai los qhia rau hauv seem uas yog lub zog nyob rau hauv lub network, ces muab tso rau hauv 2 counter cell system, nyob rau nyiaj yog pab tau lub zog. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam mob, muab tso rau ib daim txee rau account rau reactive zog.

Yuav ua li cas tseg rau hluav taws xob noj?

Heev nrov nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yuav siv cov ntaus ntawv mus rau txuag hluav taws xob. Nws txiav txim no yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov hluav ntawm lub residual hluav taws xob.

Nyob rau hauv hnub no lub lag luam koj yuav nrhiav tau ntau yam ntawm cov khoom, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug transformer, coj lub zog nyob rau hauv txoj cai coj.

Tus ntaus ntawv rau txuag hluav taws xob qhia no zog mus rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm tsev neeg cov khoom siv.

Npaum siv hluav taws xob

Rau cov muaj kuab siv ntawm lub hwj chim tshaj kho zog siv. Ua li no, siv capacitor tsev txhab nyiaj, motors thiab compensators.

Lawv pab kom txo tau cov tsis active zog, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm overflows ntawm reactive lub hwj chim. Qhov no ho muaj feem xyuam rau cov theem ntawm thauj hauj losses ntawm hluav taws xob faib tes hauj lwm.

Cov pab hwj chim nyiaj?

Cov kev siv ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau lub hwj chim nyiaj yuav coj lub feem ntau cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv nyiaj txiag nqe lus.

Raws li statistics, lawv siv coj mus rau 50% txuag nyob rau hauv expenditure rau kev siv ntawm hluav taws xob lub zog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qhov chaw hauv lub Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Nyiaj kev nqis peev uas yog siv rau lawv installation, recouped hauv thawj xyoo ntawm kev siv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov twg npaj installation cov ntaub ntawv cable muag nrog ib tug me me ntoo khaub lig seem, uas yog tseem heev ib qho kev zoo.

Qhov zoo ntawm condensing units

Kev siv cov condensing units muaj cov nram qab txoj kev:

1. Ib me ntsis tsis active zog.
2. Lub capacitor units yog tsis muaj yam qhov chaw.
3. Lawv yog cov yooj yim mus use thiab ua hauj lwm.
4. Peev nqi yog tsis siab.
5. Lawv ua hauj lwm twj ywm.
6. Lawv yuav tsum tau ntsia nyob qhov twg nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob network.
7. Koj muaj peev xwm xaiv tej yam muaj peev xwm.

Qhov txawv ntawm cov condenser sib compensators thiab synchronous motors yog hais tias lub lim-chaw yog nqa tawm synchronously nyiaj hwj chim thiab tsis thiab ib nrab tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub compensated network harmonics. Nyob rau ntau npaum li cas hwj chim yog compensated, thiab yuav yog nyob ntawm seb tus nqi ntawm hluav taws xob, thiab, ntsig txog, ntawm qhov tam sim no tus nqi.

Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov nyiaj nyob?

Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm condensing units yog cov nram qab no ntawm suppressed hwj chim:

1. Cov.
2. Group.
3. Centralized.

Cia peb xav txog txhua ntawm lawv.

ib tug neeg hwj chim

Condensing rau lwm cov nyob rau hauv lub qhov hluav taws xob receivers thiab switched nyob rau tib lub sij hawm raws li lawv muaj.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm no hom ntawm cov nyiaj yog xav tau nyob rau lub sij hawm capacitor bank los ntawm cov inception ntawm lub hwj chim tau txais kev pab. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej nqa tawm kev ua hauj lwm tsim nyog los tswj cov installation ntawm lub fais capacitance thiab inductance ntawm lub receiver. Qhov no yog tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kom txhob lub resonant surge.

pab pawg neeg muaj peev xwm

Lub npe hais lus rau nws tus kheej. Lub hwj chim no yog siv rau lub hwj chim nyiaj ob peb inductances, uas yog ib txhij kev cob cog rua rau ib Switchgear installation nrog ib qho capacitor.

Thaum lub sij hawm simultaneous loading tsub kom coefficient inclusions, uas ua rau yus mus rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv hwj chim. Qhov no muaj txhawb rau kev kawm zoo capacitor bank. Lub residual zog yog suppressed zoo tshaj thaum tus neeg muaj peev xwm.

Lub downside ntawm tus txheej txheem no yog ib nrab paug reactive zog nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim daim phiaj.

centralized hwj chim

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau tus neeg thiab pab pawg neeg lub hwj chim, lub hwj chim no yog adjustable. Nws yog siv rau ib tug ntau ntawm cov variation ntawm lub residual zog noj.

Ib tug loj luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau capacitor hwj chim plays ib tug reactive muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub load tam sim no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub installation yuav tsum tau nruab nrog tsis siv neeg tswj, thiab nyiaj ntawm nws hwj huam tas nrho yog muab faib ua nyias switchable theem.

Yuav ua li cas cov teeb meem yog solved capacitor ntug dej

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv yog aimed ntawm suppressing lub reactive lub hwj chim, tab sis lawv pab tau tus zus tau tej cov nram qab no paub tab:

1. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm suppressing reactive lub hwj chim, ntsig txog, thiab cov hwj huam tas nrho yog txo, uas ua rau yus mus rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv load hwj chim transformers.
2. Load fais fab yog muab ntawm ib tug cable nrog ib tug me me ntoo khaub lig seem, nyob rau muaj yog tsis muaj rwb thaiv tsev overheating.
3. Koj muaj peev xwm txuas ntxiv active lub hwj chim.
4. Nws tso cai rau kom tsis txhob muaj sib sib zog nqus undervoltage nyob rau mov kab ntawm tej thaj chaw deb cov neeg siv.
5. Daim ntawv thov autonomous hwj chim diesel generators los txog rau lub siab tshaj plaws (shipboard hluav taws xob, lub hwj chim geological ob tog, siv qhov chaw, thiab kev tshawb kawm drilling Rigs r. D.).
6. Cov nyiaj simplifies lub lag luam ntawm induction motors.
7. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug thaum muaj xwm ceev condenser chav tsev yog switched tam sim ntawd.
8. Yeej tshuab txais cua kub los yog cua sib.

Muaj ob variants ntawm condensing units. Qhov no modular, siv nyob rau hauv loj Enterprises, thiab fej - rau cov lag luam me.

Yuav kom saib lub ntsab lug

Reactive zog nyob rau hauv hwj chim adversely muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tag nrho hluav taws xob system. Qhov no ua rau zoo li no los ua tus voltage tsis nyob rau hauv lub network thiab muaj zog roj nqi.

Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, nquag siv lub hwj chim no compensators. Lawv pab yog tsis tsuas ib tug zoo nqi nyiaj, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov nram no:

1. Ntev lub neej ntawm lub hwj chim kiag li lawm.
2. Kev txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm hluav taws xob.
3. Txuag tau nyiaj mus yuav ib tug me me seem ntawm cable.
4. Txo kev noj ntawm hluav taws xob.