Nta ntawm cov qauv thiab cov crustacean lub neej. Tus nqi ntawm shellfish nyob rau hauv qhov thiab tib neeg lub neej

Ncau ceg ntawm biology ua kev txhawj xeeb nrog txoj kev tshawb no uas muaj sia nyob uas tau nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, yog hu ua kev kawm txog tsiaj txhu. Ib qho ntawm nws seem ncaj qha chaw nyob ib pawg ntawm cov multicellular cov tsiaj - crustacean. Lawv cov qauv, yam ntxwv ntawm lub neej, raws li zoo raws li cov nqi ntawm shellfish nyob rau hauv qhov thiab tib neeg lub neej yuav tsum xyuas nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

systematics crustaceans

Ntawm cov invertebrate kab inhabiting lub ntiaj teb no, tus tsiaj sawv ntsug, uas nyob ua ke hauv Arthropods hom. Crustaceans yog ib tug ntawm cov superclasses ntawm no taxon, uas nws ua lub neej mas nyob rau hauv tshiab los yog hiav txwv dej. Tsuas yog ib co ntawm lawv, xws li woodlice thiab av crabs nyob rau hauv ntub av chaw. Nyob rau hauv lub superclass Crustaceans muaj xws li: qis qib qog nqaij hlav thiab lub siab hauv chav kawm ntawv (decapod) qog nqaij hlav.

Nyob rau hauv lem, txhua tus ntawm cov taxa muaj me taxonomic pawg - pawg. Lower crustaceans yog lub hauv paus ntawm zooplankton, yog li lawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv qhov thiab tib neeg lub neej. Yeej tseem zoo, raws li ib tug ntawm cov thawj mus nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov saw hwj chim, sab qog nqaij hlav yog khoom noj khoom haus qhov twg los rau tej ntses thiab dej tsiaj. Tsaug rau cov tswv cuab ntawm qhov kev txiav txim isopods, copepods thiab cladocerans, hiav txwv creatures tau ib tug tag nrho cov protein noj cov zaub mov raws li ib feem ntawm lub qis lub cev cov qog nqaij hlav xws li digestible polypeptides.

Nyob rau hauv ib chav kawm ntawv qib siab crustaceans muaj xws li ib unit - decapod, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm cov tsiaj xws li crabs, lobsters, lobsters thiab cws.

Avilable crustaceans

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub division rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm cov tsiaj uas raug muab tso saum toj no tag nrho cov sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov sab nraud qauv ntawm cov kab mob. Nyob rau hauv qis qog nqaij hlav xws li cyclops (copepods detachment), daphnia (Cladocera detachment), chickweed (Isopoda detachment), lub cev muaj ib tug uas tsis yog-qhov tooj ntawm feem (feem) nyob rau lub plab mog thiab tsis tuaj kawm ntawv limb. Nyob rau hauv lub xeem ya, nws yog ib txog kev kawm ntawv - diav rawg. Lub cev yog mos mos thiab nyias chitin plhaub, uas los ntawm lub translucent hauv nruab nrog cev ntawm cov tsiaj.

Lub siab dua tus crustaceans, uas nws cov neeg sawv cev muaj ib tug nyuaj chitinous plhaub impregnated nrog txiv qaub, thiab yog txawm nruj sib cais ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv cephalothorax thiab lub plab mog nrog ib tug qhov tooj ntawm feem nyob rau hauv lawv. Yog li ntawd, Crayfish golovogrudnom nyob rau hauv seem 5 thiab 8 feem, ntsig txog, thiab lub plab mog muaj 6 theem. Tsis tas li ntawd malacostraca, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub sab, muaj luam dej ob txhais ceg nyob rau hauv lub plab mog.

Metabolism hauv thiab tseem ceeb heev functions

Raws li twb hais tias ua ntej lawm, lub neej yog feem ntau crustaceans nyob rau hauv cov dej. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau thiaj li hu ua kom meej meej manifest idioadaptation - adaptation rau ib tug puag ncig: ua tsis taus pa thoob plaws hauv lub cev nto los yog gills streamlined lub cev zoo lawm, lub plhaub muaj chitin thiab impregnated nrog ib tug dej-repellent tshuaj - poov hlau carbonate.

Systems ntawm crustaceans xws li plawv, ua pa thiab lub raum muab homeostasis - lub txij nkawm ntawm tej metabolic theem. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tag nrho cov crustaceans tsis yog ib tug kaw circulatory system, thiab lub plawv ntawm lub hnab zoo li ib tug pentagonal lub cev nrog 3 officers ntawm li qub. Los ntawm nws mus rau lub cephalothorax thiab lub plab mog ncaim cov hlab ntsha uas nqa cov ntshav yog cov as-ham thiab oxygen mus rau tag nrho cov kabmob ntawm cov tsiaj, uas ua nyob rau hauv lub mixed lub cev muaj kab noj hniav, hu ua miksotselem. Vim hais tias nws muaj twb venous ntshav nkag mus rau hauv gills, uas yog tso los ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab oxygenated, xa mus rau hauv arterial. Los ntawm lub qhov nyob rau hauv lub pericardium, nws mus ncaj qha rau ntawm lub plawv.

Szczytno - ib tug zoo pab pawg neeg ntawm crustaceans

Cov tsiaj, uas yog ib pawg ntawm cov dej tsis qab ntsev inhabitants yuav nyob rau hauv ephemeral pas dej. Thaum cov dej suab, nws schiten khawb nyob rau hauv lub hauv av thiab ib tug tej lub sij hawm tsis poob nws kev loj hlob. Lub qe pw los ntawm cov maum nyob hauv qab ntawm lub reservoir yuav khaws cia mus rau 15 xyoo. Lawv yog yooj yim nqa los ntawm cov cua ua ke nrog rau cov av ib qhov me me, yog li Szczytno nyob txhua txhia qhov chaw tsuas yog Antarctica thiab African deserts.

lifecycle crustaceans

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no superclass ntsib nws yooj yim cov ntaub ntawv, xws li mus ncaj txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Crayfish, thiab ntau, nrog rau cov larval theem. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, txoj kev loj hlob yog hu ua indirect. Nws yog raug rau ib pawg ntawm copepods thiab cladocerans, thiab kuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau dua cov qog nqaij hlav, piv txwv li, cw los yog Crayfish. Crustaceans, cov neeg sawv cev uas yog pelagic los yog planktonic larval daim ntawv no, hu ua nauplii thiab zoea, dav faib nyob rau hauv qhov: nws yog ib lub inhabitants ntawm lub chaw ntug hiav dej ntawm teb chaws Australia, North America thiab Europe. Tag nrho cov theem ntawm lub neej voj voog ntawm crustaceans tswj los ntawm lawv cov endocrine system hais androgenic postkomissuralnymi thiab qhov ntswg qog. Lawv paim cov tshuaj hormones uas tswj cov txheej txheem ntawm tiav nkauj tiav nraug moult thiab transformation ntawm lub kab mus rau hauv cov neeg laus.

Tus nqi ntawm shellfish nyob rau hauv qhov thiab tib neeg lub neej

Tsiaj txhu teej tug mus rau lub detachment ntawm decapods xws li lobsters (lobsters), Crayfish, crabs, yog tseem ceeb coj mus muag hom muab tib neeg delicacy thiab high-protein nqaij. Ntawm kuj zoo kawg tseem ceeb yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub sab Crayfish: cyclops, daphnia, dej luav, uas yog zaub mov rau ntses, piv txwv li, ntawm xws li salmon thiab sturgeon.

Crayfish, uas yog feem ntau hu ua lub tsev kho mob attendants, ntxuav lub hauv qab ntawm cov neeg tuag organic seem. Thaum tus nqi ntawm shellfish nyob rau hauv qhov thiab tib neeg lub neej nyob rau hauv lub overwhelming zoo mob, tab sis ib txhia tsiaj muaj teeb meem, xws li carp ntshauv ua loj heev tsis coj mus muag hom ntses. Ib tug cyclops yog intermediate fwjchim luj kawg nkaus ntawm cab cua nab: Guinea cab thiab tapeworm dav.

Peb twb pom hais tias cov tsiaj muaj nyob rau hauv lub Arthropods hom, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb qhov link hauv tej yam ntuj tso ecosystems ntawm peb ntiaj chaw thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm crustaceans nyob rau hauv qhov thiab tib neeg lub neej yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav underestimated. Ib txhia hom ntawm cov tsiaj (piv txwv li, dej shirokopaly cancer, ntsuas) yog muab teev raws li sim, thiab lawv puas tsuaj yog txim los ntawm txoj cai lij choj.