Onomatopoeic lus thiab interjections: spelling, punctuation, piv txwv

Onomatopoeic lus thiab interjections ua si ib tug tshwj xeeb lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Yog tsis muaj lawv, peb yuav tau pom nws tsis yooj yim rau qhia lawv txoj kev xav. Lub morphological thaj chaw ntawm lub qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus, lawv ibyam, grammatical nta, raws li zoo raws li lawv lwm yam zog yog kawm nyob rau hauv kom meej nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

interjections

Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tus hais lus, raws li lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm, qhia nyob rau hauv lub thib rau los yog qib xya. Txawm tias nws thiaj li ntsib nws ntau zaus. Thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv nws thaum yau, thaum tus me nyuam muaj peev xwm tsis hais lus, nws cov thawj suab lawv muaj. Interjections nyob rau hauv peb cov lus no yog hu ua tus hais lus ib tug tshwj xeeb cov pab pawg neeg, uas yuav pab qhia tus cwj pwm txawv thiab txoj kev xav. Linguists cais lawv raws li ib tug tshwj xeeb qeb. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm morphology, lawv yog ib feem ntawm kev hais lus. Txawm li cas los, sib nrug los ntawm cov nqi sab nraud thiab tej lus. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm functionality, lawv tsis muaj tej yam ntsiab lus. Hais tias yog, cov lus no tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb, tsuas yog indirect. Ces lawv yuav tsis muab suav hais tias ywj siab.

Raws li rau cov kev pab cuam, uas yuav pab mus cuag cov lus nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus thiab cov ntawv nyeem uas lawv tau raug xa mus rau interjections ntawm nws functions. Cov lus tsis muaj ib tug "liab" thiab tsis yog dab tsi. Yuav ua li cas yog nws ces? Qhov no yog feem ntau zoo siab kawg thaum peb tsis muaj txaus cov lus qhia rau lawv ntau dua clearance. Hais tias: "Ah!", Thiab txhua leej txhua tus yuav to taub tias peb muaj ib yam dab tsi xav tsis thoob. Hnov: "Shh!" Thiab tam sim ntawd kaw, vim hais tias lo lus hais txog cov kev txiav hu los yog kev txiav txim. Thov nrog interjections muaj ntau lub siab lub ntsws thiab ntau ntxaum qhia dab tsi lus hais tsis yeej ib txwm ua hauj lwm.

Piv: "Oh, nws mob!" Thiab "kuv raug mob." Ob yam no proposals dhau lub tib lub ntsiab lus. Txawm li cas los, cov thawj xa ib lub momentary lawm ntawm tus txiv neej; lub thib ob yuav txhais li cas ntev-ntev lawm ntawm mob. Nws yuav tsum tau tsuas pa, thiab peb to taub cov neeg uas nyob ze ntawm.

keeb kwm

"Onomatopoeic lus" cov ntsiab lus thiab "interjections" nyob ib lub sij hawm ntev dhau los, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov thib kaum xya xyoo pua. Linguist Smotritskii muab lawv mus rau hauv kev siv nyob rau hauv 1619, lub xyoo. Tom qab ntawd nws hu ua lawv "mezhdumetiya", uas yog hais tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov lus. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lawv tseeb yog.

Ib txhia raug tsim, lawv hais tias, nthawv, ntawm peb quaj. Piv txwv li, xws li "A", "O", "Fu", "Oh", muaj tsis muaj kev keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm. Qhov no yog peb tsis tuaj yeem lo lus teb rau ib tug stimulus.

Sawv daws yeej paub lo lus "Bayu-yuav" yuav siv sij hawm nws cov hauv paus hniav ntawm tus ancient Lavxias teb sab lus hais tias (Bayat). Yog li, muab tus me nyuam, cov niam txiv yuav ua li cas los rau txim rau nws mus pw tsaug zog.

Cov paub lo lus "nyob zoo", peb hais lus, teb ib tug hu, tuaj rau peb los ntawm hais. Nws literal ntsiab lus - nyob zoo, uas cov neeg txhais lus ntawm "Nyob zoo." Tos tus xov tooj, peb muab rau koj paub tias peb tau hnov lub interlocutor, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm mus tos txais nws.

Niaj hnub nimno ua dog ua dig rau txhua txhua xyoo tsim ib tug tshiab onomatopoeic lus thiab interjections. Muaj ntaub ntawv ntawm "oops", "Cool", "blah, blah." Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog hais txog peb li ib txwm "Ah", "Wow", "Yes".

Ntawd ces yog lub sij hawm, ib co interjections ploj thiab yog hloov los ntawm lwm yam, ntau yam hnub no.

derivation

Raws li ib feem ntawm kev hais lus, interjections muaj lawv tus kheej tshwj xeeb txoj kev ntawm kev kawm ntawv. Muaj cov nram qab no:

• Nrog affixes. Los ntawm cov lo lus "A" yog tsim ntau maj mam "Ainki".
• Cov kev hloov los ntawm ib tug ch.r. mus rau lwm lub: "Good saum ntuj ceeb tsheej! "(Ntawm im.susch.)" Xav tsis thoob thaum! "(Los ntawm cov qhia txog kev ua)," Cool! "(Los ntawm lub suab hais lus).
• Fusion "Ntawm no koj thiab" "Thiab tsis txhob qhia."
• Tsis tas li ntawd: "miv".

Ib tug ntau yam ntawm txoj kev ntawm lo lus tsim proves hais tias qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tus hais lus tsis yog raws li tej yam yooj yim li no mas thaum xub thawj siab ib muag.

qauv

Cais ntau hom interjections, nyob ntawm seb yuav ua li cas muaj ntau lub qhov chaw lawv muaj. Cov thawj pab pawg neeg - yog yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov qauv, tsuas yog ib lo lus thiab ib lub hauv paus. Piv txwv: "Oh," "Alas," "Oh."

Tus tom ntej hom yog hu ua complex. Qhov no lub npe lawv tau txais ua tsaug rau lub fact tias lawv yog ua los ntawm ntau yam keeb kwm. Piv txwv li: "ah-ah-ah," "yog, yog, yog", "txiv-lub teeb", "hoo".

Lub xeem pab pawg neeg ntawm cov qauv no yog cov compound interjection. Lawv tsim ntawm ib tug ob peb cov lus yooj yim. "Alas", "muaj koj lub sij hawm" Feem ntau, qhov no pab pawg neeg yog muab tau los ntawm nouns, uas yog ntxiv lub interjection.

hom

Nws txiav txim siab los subdivide lawv mus rau hauv ob peb hom.

1. Kub siab. Lawv hloov ib tug muaj nuj nqis lo lus, co tes tias nws yog lub sij hawm mus ua: "Cia li sai!" "Hav, qhia rau kuv yuav ua li cas tsav no!" "Ntsiag, ntsiag hais tias - pw tsaug zog tus me nyuam."
2. Emotional. Cov lus involuntarily rho tawm los ntawm tus txiv neej, thaum nws yog tag los yog ntshai, "Oh, yuav ua li cas ntxim hlub!" "Au, yog ib yam mob loj heev nag xob nag!".
3. Tus ciam. Tsis yog txhua tus paub hais tias paub rau peb lo lus "Nyob zoo", "Sib ntsib dua", "Ua tsaug koj" yuav mus rau cov chav kawm ntawv ntawm interjections. Lawv tsis muaj kev ywj siab nqi, dua tsuas yog peb paub cai raug. Piv txwv li: "Thov, cia kuv mus rau ib tug taug kev Ua tsaug ntau ntau rau koj cov kev pab zoo cov phooj ywg.!"

Tsis muaj ib lo lus ntawm no pab pawg neeg tsis yog kawm ntawv tus txiv neej muaj peev xwm xav txog tej yam lub neej. Lawv pab tsis tau tsuas yog beautify peb hais lus, tab sis kuj muab nws ib tug tej yam povhaum.

punctuation

Raws li tsab ntawv sawv sib nrug nyob rau hauv no ib feem ntawm tus hais lus? Thov nrog interjections, yuav muaj commas.

Piv txwv li: "Oh, yuav ua li cas sai sai ya mus so!" Tom qab ib qho kev xav kev hais lus los ntawm ib tug tsis nco qab, raws li nws stands thaum pib ntawm cov kab lus. Zoo li cov piv txwv: "Wow, yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam koj nyob ntawm no!" "Ugh, yuav ua li cas cov dab tuag nws nrog koj txhais tes."

Ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw yog nyob los ntawm cov interjection "O". Raws li siv nyob rau hauv nrog lwm yam lus, nws yog tsis sib cais los ntawm commas: "Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua raws li koj ntxuav!" "Oh tsis muaj, yuam nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no koj tsis kam."

Nyob rau hauv cov kab lus "Zoo, yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab thiab hu?!" Lo lus "zoo" yuav tsis cais raws li ib tug nce tus nqi. Nyob rau hauv lub rooj plaub uas nws hais txog lub caij ntawm kev txiav txim, nws yog tsim nyog mus rau ntsiab lub point: "Kuv tsis paub yuav ua li cas ntev nws yuav kav."

Interjection "ib tug", uas yog siv raws li lub siab tshaj plaws degree ntawm ib yam dab tsi, yog tsis cais, "Yuav ua li cas ib tug zoo yav tsaus ntuj!", "Yuav ua li cas yog koj niam ntiav!".

Onomatopoeic lus thiab yuav ua li cas lawv txawv los ntawm interjections

Ib tug tshwj xeeb seem muaj lo lus uas qog tej suab. Lawv, tsis zoo li lub interjections, tsis muaj siab ntsws xav nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej tsis muaj. Lawv lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi - kev ib tug zoo xws li cov suab. Piv txwv li, lub moos zuam kis tau mus rau tsab ntawv lo lus "Zuam-txoj kev." Thaum peb hnov ib tug dhau kab, ces cov me nyuam nws sib ntaus li "ZHZHZH". Thiab muaj ntau ntau lwm yam piv txwv.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tus hais lus yog kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lus sib txawv: wow - tawv, oink - grunt, lub chi-chi - giggling.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm lawv thiab interjections - sib txawv luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov lus. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, lawv yog heev uas zoo sib xws. Txawm li cas los, tsis meej pem thiab tsis nqi nws, vim hais tias cov onomatopoeic lus tsis qhia lub siab thiab tus cwj pwm txawv ntawm tus neeg. Lawv cia li rov qab ua suab.

ntswg

Onomatopoeic lus nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus yog muab faib ua ob peb subtypes:

• Voices ntawm cov tsiaj (xws li noog) doodle (qaib dib) Miob (miv), xyoo (plas), wee (me ntsis nas).
• Ntuj lub suab: bang (xob quaj), boom (ib yam dab tsi poob) pshsh (hissing dej).
• Ib yam li seev suab paj nruas: ding-dong (ringing lub tswb), kev sib txhuam (guitar ua si).
• Muab los ntawm lub suab ntawm cov neeg: Munch (noj carrots), sab saum toj-sab saum toj (ib tug neeg yog), CSC (heels).

Qhov no yog feem ntau theem ntawm no yog ib feem ntawm kev hais lus. Onomatopoeic lus thiab interjections yog ib tug tshwj xeeb cov pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus, yog tej nuj nqis kev ywj siab tsis mus rau lub kev pab cuam.

syntactic lub luag hauj lwm

Nws yog ib heev mas uas nyob rau hauv uas tsis tshua muaj mob, tus me lo lus tej zaum yuav txawv qhov chaw ntawm cov kab lus. Interjections thiab onomatopoeic lus, piv txwv uas tau raug dua qhia peb saum toj no, yog:

• Txhais cov ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li: "Ah, yog, ib tug nyiaj so koobtsheej!" Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub interjection "Ah, yog," teb rau lo lus nug "Dab tsi?", Hloov lo lus "zoo kawg nkaus."
• Tsis tas li ntawd: Thiab mam li nco dheev, nyob rau hauv qhov kev ncua deb peb hnov ib lub nyob ntsiag to "AY!".
• Predicate: Thiab mam li nco dheev lub qhov rooj - "Yikes!"
• Subject: Thiab ces ib lub suab nrov "Hurrah."

Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm interjections thiab onomatopoeic lus nyob rau hauv hais lus

Yog tsis muaj cov seemingly yooj yim me ntsis lus peb cov lus yuav heev impoverished. Tom qab tag nrho, feem ntau ntawm lawv tsim impulsively, tsis hais txog ntawm peb tej kev xav. Hu rau kev pab, quaj tawm nyob rau hauv kev ntshai, xav tsis thoob ua - tag nrho cov interjections, onomatopoeic lus. Cim qhab nia thaum thawj peb ntsia ua ntej lawm. Tab sis lub suab ntawm ib tug neeg los yog ib yam dab tsi, tsis sawv tawm nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, cia li muab tso hais tias nyob rau hauv kab lus qhov twg muaj yog ncaj qha hais lus.

Peb siv cov kev tshawb fawb yuav ntau npaum li cas lub siab lub ntsws. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj los tuav rov qab rau hauv lub siab thaum muaj ib yam dab tsi uas peb tau tos rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Piv txwv li: "Wow! Thaum kawg, nws tshwm sim! ". Los yog, nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim lub sij hawm ntawd, thaum ib tug neeg involuntarily sighed: "Oh, tsis muaj dab tsi zoo tshwm sim."

Thiab yuav ua li cas qhia cov suab uas ua cov tsiaj? Tsuas yog nrog kev pab los ntawm cov lus tshwj xeeb. Yog tsis muaj lawv, nws yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua ua li cas. Tej lus no ua rau kev zoo xws li cov suab, xws li quaj nyuj los yog ib tug npua grunting.

ce

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ntsaub cov khoom them, hais mav ua tshwj xeeb kev pab raws qib, rov qab ua dua onomatopoeic lus. Ce rau lawv thiab interjections feem ntau yooj yim.

1. Piv txwv li, nws yog tsim nyog los mus txiav txim rau hauv qeb ntawm tej pab pawg neeg, "Ah!", "Oh!", "Good saum ntuj ceeb tsheej!". Los ntawm tag nrho cov indications, qhov no kev xav interjections, yooj yim nyob rau hauv cov qauv.
2. Nrhiav onomatopoeic lus nyob rau hauv kab lus.

"Shlep- ncuav pias" - yuav tau hnov sab nraum lub qhov rai. "Me nyuam qaib-tweet" - uas attracted tus mloog ntawm lub sparrows. Nce lub platform, lub tsheb ciav hlau hu zaj nkauj "Koj-tu."

1. Qhia dab tsi suab yuav luam tawm tsab nkauj laus ncas, aub, los nag, xob quaj, yawning txiv neej, poob mus rau hauv pem teb yam khoom, trembling los ntawm tus mob khaub thuas.
2. Paub qhov txawv, interjections los yog imitative lus yog siv nyob rau hauv ua ke:

- Zoo siab txais tos, kuv cov phooj ywg.

- "Bah!" - twb hnov nyob rau hauv silence.

- Tuaj, maj nrawm nroos lawm!

- "! Cheep-cheep" Li ntawd, peb sim mus caw me me noog.

- Leej Txiv-lub teeb! Yuav ua li cas yog lub "bang" nws hais rau peb cov xob quaj!

Ib ce muaj zog nyob rau hauv ib lub tswv yim los ntawm lub onomatopoeic lus, thiab interjections yuav ua tau heev ntau haiv neeg. Tab sis, rau qhov cov tsis muaj teeb meem nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm, lawv feem ntau tsis ua.

morphological tsom xam

Raws li ib feem ntawm kev hais lus, qhov ob me me pab pawg muaj lawv tus kheej algorithm rau parsing. Nws yog kiag li zoo tib yam.

• Peb txiav txim rau ib feem ntawm kev hais lus.
• Peb txhais morphological prizniki:

- Qauv

- paug nqi ntxeev siab rau

- immutability

• Lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kab lus.

Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev tsom xam. "Yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas nyob rau hauv! Nws tsis tau tos rau nag, thiab nws nchuav li! "

1. Yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas rau - interjection.
2. Lub composite qauv (ob peb lo lus).
3. Emotional hau surprise.
4. Immutable (yuav tej nuj nqis ntshiv tsis conjugated)
5. Tsis txhob ua si tej syntactic luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kab lus, vim hais tias nws yuav hloov tsis tau tus neeg ib feem ntawm kev hais lus.

Cov piv txwv nram qab no: Thiab ces - "Whack-Whack!" - peb mus hauv lub pob.

1. Onomatopoeic lo lus (hau lub davhlau ntawm cov pob).
2. Complex muaj ob rov muaj dua hauv paus.
3. Theem - lub suab ntawm tswg xwm.
4. Immutability.
5. Lub tswv yim txog yog qhov fact (teb cov lus nug "li cas").

Lwm cov piv txwv: ua li cas koj muaj kuv tsis paub cai!

1. interjection
2. Ib tug yooj yim, ib tug-lo lus.
3. Emotional ntxaug kis.
4. Immutability.
5. Teeb meem (xyoo lo lus "heev" los yog "tsis tshua muaj").

xaus

Spelling onomatopoeic lus thiab cov neeg zoo li lawv interjections feem ntau tsis ua teeb meem. Tag nrho lawv qhia tus cwj pwm txawv thiab suab raws nraim li peb hnov lawv. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias ib tug rov muaj dua lub hauv paus, xws li nyo hau-wow, muaj yuav tsum sau ntawv nrog ib tug hyphen.

Spontaneity nyob rau hauv lawv txoj kev kawm yuav ua rau lawv ib feem ntawm peb lub neej. Cov me nyuam uas hais tsis tau lus, qw lawv niam xwb tej yam suab. Cov niam txiv yog ua nws li cas nws xav lawv tus me nyuam. Raws li cov laus, peb tseem yuav siv tau cov no qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus. Tsis muaj ib tug muaj peev xwm yuam kom peb tso tseg rau qhia lawv tus cwj pwm txawv. Thiab lub suab ntawm xwm? Sawv cev rau lawv rau peb txhua leej txhua tus lub dag lub zog, tab sis sau rau ntawm daim ntawv yog tsis yooj yim. Ua li no, thiab muaj cov onomatopoeic lus. Lawv yog cov yooj yim kom rov hais dua li cas peb hnov xwb tsab ntawv.

Yog tsis muaj xws li ib tug keeg puab me qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus, peb tsuas yuav tsis ua li cas. Txhua hnub confronted nrog lawv nyob rau hauv kev hais lus, peb muaj ib txhia lawv siv nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv.

Tsis txhob xav yuam kev rau lawv nrog cov nom qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus, piv txwv li, nrog tus hais. Tej zaum lawv yog heev uas zoo sib xws rau txhua tus lwm yam. Nws yog ib nqi mention ntawm ib immutable txoj cai: cov lus qhia cwj pwm txawv, txoj kev xav thiab cov suab. Tsis muaj lwm yam pab pawg neeg ntawm hais lus tsis tau ua li no. Raws li lawv hais, rau txhua leej txhua tus - nws tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm.