Ntsuag Lomonosova Mihaila Vasilevicha. Cov kev loj hlob ntawm lub dab neeg raws li ib hom ntawv nyeem

Dab neeg muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Luv, funny, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm qhia zaj dabneeg hlub thiab npaum li cas hauv paus ntawm cov neeg. Paub txawj sau ntawv ntawm fables Ivan Andreevich Krylov yog. Tab sis ob peb yeej paub hais tias tseem nyob rau hauv no ib hom ntawv nyeem ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug ntawm cov koj Lavxias teb sab kws tshawb fawb. Ntsuag M. V. Lomonosova occupies ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nrog nws cov kev sau ntawv tsim.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug dab neeg?

Dab neeg - yog feem ntau ib tug txawj ua hauj lwm. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm txog, muaj peev xwm thiab kev paub qhia lo cov ntaub ntawv. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, narrated allegorically, metaphorically. Tus tsiaj yuav ua raws li lam. Txhua dab neeg tas nws muaj nws tus kheej morality, uas, raws li ib tug txoj cai, yog nqa mus rau hauv lub kawg khoom.

Qhov no ib hom ntawv nyeem yog ib tug ntawm cov hiob. Tus thawj ua hauj lwm, reminiscent ntawm cov dab neeg tej zaum yuav tau raug sau nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt. Teb nws cov tsos khi tim Nkij teb chaws thiab feem ntau, cov rov qab Aesop. Nyob rau hauv lub Roman faj tim teb chaws, nto moo fabulist yog tus kws sau paj lug Phaedrus, lom zem ntau li nws Greek predecessor. Txawm nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XVII, nyob rau fables nws ua hauj lwm Frenchman Zhan Lafonten, uas tau koob meej no txawj ib hom ntawv nyeem.

Dab neeg nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv

Nyob rau translations thiab renderings ntawm nrov fables ntawm La Fontaine ua hauj lwm ntau Lavxias teb sab paj huam. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev, nyob rau Lavxias teb sab av loj hlob txawv style, reflecting thiab ua kev lom zem ntawm cov raug lub teb chaws vices. Dab neeg nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv lub XV xyoo pua, nkag mus rau los ntawm Byzantium. Koj muaj peev xwm tham txog nws Bloom nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo.

Saum toj no fables ua hauj lwm V. K. Trediakovsky, AP Sumarokov, AE Izmailov, A. D. Kantemir. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kuaj tau sau los ntawm I. A.Krylova. Translations ntawm txawv teb chaws fables nyob rau hauv nws muaj tswv yim cuab yeej cuab tam nyob ib tug me me qhov chaw, tab sis nws tus kheej tej hauj lwm muaj tau txhais ua yuav luag tag nrho cov European lus. Kuv dabbled nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv nyeem, thiab Mihail Vasilevich Lomonosov. Ntsuag ntawm lub zoo heev Lavxias teb sab neeg kawm xaij nyob ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv cuab yeej cuab tam.

University txawj creativity

Mihaila Vasilevicha Lomonosova yuav muab piv nrog rau cov geniuses ntawm lub Renaissance. Qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv thaum cov txuj ci yog zoo nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam. Thiab nws sim mus manifest nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv txhua yam. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lub npe hu ua lub Lomonosov, paub txog, chemist thiab physicist. Lavxias teb sab science, nws tau ua ib qho invaluable pab. Tab sis sib nrug los ntawm lub natural sciences, ib tus paub txog koom nyob rau hauv painting thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Thiab nws tau zoo zoo nyob rau hauv daim teb no. Nws yog tsis muaj coincidence Belinsky hu ua nws tus txiv ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv nws "Tsab ntawv rau kev cai ntawm Lavxias teb sab versification" Lomonosov ua ib tug tiag tiag kiv puag ncig, taw mus rau lub tseem siv ntau ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov paj huam nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab paj huam, tsis tsuas pa iambic thiab trochaic. Yog li, incredibly nce lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Lomonosov yog tus tsim ntawm Lavxias teb sab Ode (thiab, feem ntau, lawv tau koob meej rau nws raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug). Yog hais tias muaj ntau yam ntawm nws cov kwv huam yuav yooj yim nco qab ntsoov tus dab neeg M. V. Lomonosova tau heev unjustly tsis nco qab lawm. Namely, lawv yog thaws rov los tag nrho nws cov kev sau ntawv thiab humanistic hauv paus ntsiab lus.

Mihaila Lomonosova ntsuag

Contemporaries recalled hais tias Lomonosov yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus rau txiv neej - tsis ncaj ncees, thiab zoo, ncaj ncees, kam pab. Nws sickened tsawg tib neeg vices - cowardice, cov neeg siab phem, cov neeg siab phem, ignorance, falsehood. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev nws xav qhia nrog rau cov nyeem ntawv thiab muab nws cov khoom noj rau thought. University fables ua raws li kev ncaj ncees pab qhia. Nws yog qhov no ib hom ntawv nyeem yog lub feem ntau yooj yim kom to taub thiab mus txog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm lub siab lub ntsws. Lawv yog cov uas yuav yaum thiab yooj yim rau tus nyeem ntawv lub xaav, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm amazingly tiag.

Faib cov ntaub ntawv mus rau hauv peb "calm", ib tug dab neeg Mikhail reacted kom "tsis tshua muaj". Qhov no stylistic pab pawg neeg raug zam los ntawm qhov sublime formality. Yog li ntawd Lomonosov fables muaj Cheebtsam colloquial, txhua hnub hais lus, hais lus phem kab zauv. Los ntawm tus cwj mem ntawm tus kws sab laug lub nram qab no tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no ib hom ntawv nyeem, "Nas", "Mus sib yuav yog zoo, tab sis ib tug ntau ntawm cov kev nyuaj siab thiab" "Mloog, thov, uas tau tshwm sim rau cov laus", "Hmo ntuj tsaus them lub ceeb tsheej" thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Ib qho ntawm feem nto moo - "Raws li sai li lub suab nrov ntawm lub hnub nyob ntsiag to." Hais txog nws thiab tham nyob rau hauv.

"Raws li sai li lub suab nrov ntawm lub hnub nres"

Ib txhia University fables tau sau raws li tej hauj lwm ntawm La Fontaine. Ib tug ntawm lawv - "Tus Hma, uas los ua ib tug tswv yug yaj." Koj yuav tsis hu ua hauj lwm ntawm Lomonosov literal translation, li ntawd nws yog imbued nrog cov "Lavxias teb sab style", tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov sau phau ntawv lub mus kom ze. Ib txhia txawm cam: Tsis hloov tus thawj hloov lwm lub tsev dab neeg lafontenovskaya morality? Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus, nws yog ib lub nram qab no.

Hapless hma xeeb Outwit yaj yaj yug yaj thiab qhuas coj lub horn nrog nws cov neeg ua haujlwm. Nws pom tsaug zog yaj herder thiab watchdog. Tab sis khav txiv ntxhias los ntawm nws tus kheej wit, nws txiav txim siab xa nws lub suab thiab kom paub tseeb tias tag nrho cov tuav. Txawm li cas los, vim hais tias ntawm lub qhib cleft palate tsoo ib nqov, uas twb xav tau. Tag nrho alarmed, kev tu siab-tub sab coj tawm thiab nrog khaub ncaws thiab nrog daim tawv nqaij. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm La Fontaine - yeej ib txwm ib tug neeg siab phem li nws tus kheej yuav muab tau. Cov kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub dab neeg University hais tias "tus hma tsis yog yuav tsum tau ib tug hma liab." Thiab tsis txhob sim kom haum rau hauv lwm tus neeg daim tawv nqaij.

Ntawm Mikhail Vasilyevich yeej ib txwm tau xav mus rau lub me tshaj kom meej. Muaj yog tsis muaj dab tsi lo. Mus ib txhis lawv yuav nyob twj ywm ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws piv txwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv.