Nta thiab kev khiav dej num ntawm cov amino acids

Amino acids - lub ntsiab lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj tej yam sia. Los ntawm lawv qhov, lawv yog cov thawj nitrogenous cog cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov av. Tus qauv thiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov nqaijrog thiab cov amino acids nyob ntawm seb lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Tus qauv ntawm cov amino acids

Txhua molecule nws muaj nws carboxyl thiab amine pawg, uas yog kev cob cog rua rau radical. Yog hais tias cov amino acid muaj 1 carboxyl, 1-amino pab pawg neeg ntawm nws cov qauv yuav tau piav los lub mis qhia hauv qab no.

Amino acids uas muaj ib tug acidic thiab ib tug alkaline pab pawg neeg hu monoaminomonokarbonovymi. Cov kab mob no kuj tsim amino acids, tus qauv thiab kev khiav dej num ntawm cov uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau 2 carboxyl pawg, los yog 2 amino pawg. Amino acids uas muaj ob carboxyl pab pawg thiab ib amino xa monoaminodikarbonovymi thiab muaj ob tug carboxyl amine, thiab 1 - diaminomonocarboxylic.

lawv kuj txawv nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov organic radical R. Txhua ntawm lawv nws muaj nws tus kheej lub npe thiab cov qauv. Li no, lub ntau yam amino acids muaj nuj nqi. Lub xub ntiag ntawm acid thiab alkaline pawg kom nws cov high reactivity. Cov amino pawg muaj kev cob cog mus ua ib lub polymer - protein. Cov nqaijrog kuj raug xa mus rau raws li polypeptides vim hais tias ntawm nws cov qauv.

Amino acids raws li lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas

ib tug protein molecule - ib cov saw ntawm dozens los yog pua pua ntawm cov amino acids. Cov nqaijrog txawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg, tus xov tooj thiab kev txiav txim ntawm cov amino acids, vim hais tias cov xov tooj ntawm ob peb ua ke ntawm lub 20 Cheebtsam ntawm zoo siv infinite. Ib txhia ntawm lawv muaj tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qhov tseem ceeb cov amino acids, lwm leej lwm tus ua tsis tau ib tug los yog ntau tshaj. Cov amino acid qauv uas nws functions zoo xws li cov nqaijrog ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog tsis siv raws li cov khoom noj, raws li cov me ntsis soluble thiab tsis phua lub hnyuv ib ntsuj av. Cov yuav mus rau ntsia protein, cov plaub hau, wool los yog plaub.

amino muaj nuj nqi tsis tau overestimated. Cov tshuaj no yog cov khoom noj tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev noj haus ntawm cov neeg. Li cas rau cov amino acids? Lawv ua rau kom cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov nqaij loj, pab ntxiv dag zog pob qij txha thiab ligaments, kho puas ntaub so ntswg nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab yuav muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov dab uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev.

qhov tseem ceeb cov amino acids

Tsuas yog los ntawm cov tshuaj los yog khoom noj khoom haus cov khoom muaj peev xwm tau txais qhov tseem ceeb cov amino acids. Muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm kev noj qab nyob cov pob qij txha, cov leeg tsis muaj zog, zoo nkauj cov plaub hau tseem ceeb heev. Cov amino acids muaj xws li:

• phenylalanine;
• lysine;
• threonine;
• methionine;
• valine;
• leucine;
• tryptophan;
• histidine;
• isoleucine.

qhov tseem ceeb cov amino acids muaj nuj nqi

Cov blocks ua qhov tseem ceeb functions nyob rau hauv txhua txhua tus neeg cell. Lawv yog cov pom kom txog rau thaum nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nyob rau hauv txaus qhov ntau, tab sis lawv tsis muaj ho thuam qhov kev kawm ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob.

1. Resumes Valine nqaij, nws yog ib qho zoo heev qhov chaw ntawm lub zog.
2. Histidine pab txoj kev ntshav, rov ua hauj lwm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nqaij, pab txoj kev hauj lwm ntawm cov pob qij txha.
3. Isoleucine pab ua hemoglobin. Ntawm lwm yam uas tus nqi ntawm cov qab zib nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, tsub kom ib tug neeg lub zog, endurance.
4. Leucine txhawb lub cev, tsom kwm cov theem ntawm qab zib nyob rau hauv cov ntshav leukocytes. Yog hais tias lub leukocyte theem siab dhau heev lawm: nws lowers lawv lub cev reserves thiab txuas mus tshem tawm o.
5. Lysine pab nyob rau hauv qhov haum calcium uas, uas ua thiab yuav ntxiv zog rau cov pob txha. Nws yuav pab kom cov ntau lawm ntawm collagen, pab txoj kev cov qauv ntawm cov plaub hau. Rau cov txiv neej, qhov no yog ib qho zoo heev anabolic raws li nws ua tau rau cov nqaij ntshiv thiab ua rau kom virility.
6. Methionine normalizes lub digestive system thiab lub siab. Koom nyob rau hauv lub neej puas ntawm cov nqaijrog, tshem tawm thaum sawv ntxov kev mob kev nkeeg nyob rau hauv cev xeeb tub cov poj niam, tus nyhuv lig rau cov plaub hau.
7. Threonine pab txoj kev hauj lwm ntawm lub hnyuv ib ntsuj av. Nws pab txoj kev lub cev, koom nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm collagen thiab elastin. Threonine tiv thaiv lub deposition ntawm rog nyob rau hauv lub siab.
8. Tryptophan yog lub luag hauj lwm rau tib neeg tus cwj pwm txawv. Nws ua serotonin - lub tshuaj ntawm kev zoo siab, yog li normalizes pw tsaug zog, pab txoj kev mus ob peb vas. Tames qab los noj mov, kev siab hlub muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev mob plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha.
9. Phenylalanine yog siv los ntawm lub transmitter Pib ntsais koj teeb ntawm lub paj hlwb nyob rau hauv lub hlwb ntawm lub taub hau. Nws pab txoj kev mus ob peb vas, suppress tsis zoo qab los noj mov, pab txoj kev nco, tsub kom rhiab heev thiab thiaj li mob.

Deficiency ntawm qhov tseem ceeb cov amino acids ua rau txoj kev loj hlob raug ntes, metabolic mob, txo nyob rau hauv cov leeg loj.

nonessential amino acids

Cov no yog cov amino acids, qauv thiab kev khiav dej num uas muaj ua nyob rau hauv lub cev:

• arginine;
• alanine;
• asparagine;
• glycine;
• proline;
• taurine;
• tyrosine;
• glutamate;
• serine;
• Glutamine;
• ornithine;
• cysteine;
• carnitine.

nonessential amino acids muaj nuj nqi

1. Cysteine tuskheej tej yam tshuaj lom muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab nqaij, yog ib tug natural antioxidant.
2. Tyrosine thiaj li cev qaug zog, speeds cov metabolism, eliminates kev nyuaj siab thiab kev nyuaj siab.
3. Alanine yog siv rau mob loj, ib qhov chaw ntawm lub zog.
4. Aspartic acid tsub kom lub metabolism thiab thiaj li tsim ntawm ammonia nyob rau high school loads.
5. Cystine eliminates tus mob ntawm kev raug mob ntawm lub ligaments thiab pob qij txha.
6. Glutamic acid yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lub hlwb kev ua si, thaum lub sij hawm heev lub cev tom puv rau hauv cov zib muab lub zog.
7. Glutamine restores cov nqaij, boosts kev tiv thaiv, speeds cov metabolism, nthuav lub hlwb thiab ua txoj kev loj hlob lawm.
8. Glycine yog yuav tsum tau rau cov leeg, cov roj plab zom mov, tswj ntshav siab thiab ntshav qab zib.
9. Carnitine fatty acid tsiv mus rau hauv lub hlwb uas lawv cleavage muaj tshwm sim nrog qhov kev tso tawm ntawm lub zog, ua rau kub yus tshaj muaj roj thiab generated zog.
10. Ornithine ua txoj kev loj hlob lawm, yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov zis tag, cleaves lub fatty acid pab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kua dej los.
11. Proline enables zus tau tej cov collagen, nws yog tsim nyog rau lub ligaments thiab pob qij txha.
12. Serine tej lub cev thiab ua rau cov fais fab yuav tsum tau rau ceev ceev metabolism ntawm fatty acids thiab mob loj.
13. Taurine lov rog, seb puas tsimnyog tau lub cev kuj, synthesizes kua tsib ntsev.

Protein thiab nws cov khoom

Cov nqaijrog, los yog cov nqaijrog - molecular tebchaw nrog nitrogen cov ntsiab lus. Lub sij hawm "protein", rau cov thawj lub sij hawm uas qhia los ntawm Berzelius nyob rau hauv 1838, los ntawm cov Greek thiab txhais tau tias "thawj" uas qhia cov leading nqi nqaijrog nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Ntau ntawm cov nqaijrog tso cai rau lub hav zoov ntawm ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm nyob beings, los ntawm cov kab mob rau tib neeg lub cev. Lawv yog cov ho loj tshaj lwm yam macromolecules, txij li thaum cov nqaijrog - yog lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug nyob ntawm tes. Roos kwv yees li 20% ntawm tus luj ntawm tib neeg lub cev, ntau tshaj 50% ntawm lub qhuav cell ceeb thawj. Qhov no piav txog cov ntau yam ntawm cov nqaijrog zog nees nkaum txawv amino acids uas sib tham nrog txhua lwm yam thiab tsim tau ib polymer molecule.

Cov koj thaj chaw ntawm cov protein ntau - muaj peev xwm rau nws tus kheej-tsim tej yam xam qhovkev spatial qauv ntawm ib tug protein. Raws li cov tshuaj qauv ntawm cov nqaijrog - yog biopolymers nrog peptide bonds. Rau cov tshuaj nyob tus yeees ntawm cov nqaijrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov nruab nrab nitrogen cov ntsiab lus - kwv yees li 16%.

Lub neej, raws li zoo raws li txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob yog tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov protein amino acids los tsim tshiab hlwb. Cov nqaijrog tsis tau hloov los ntawm lwm yam hais, lawv lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev yog tsis tshua muaj ib qho tseem ceeb.

Lub zog ntawm cov nqaijrog

Qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov protein ntau yog xws zog:

• nws yog tsim nyog rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, raws li yog lub ntsiab lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau hlwb tshiab;
• Nws tswj lub metabolism, thaum lub sij hawm uas lub zog tso. Tom qab noj cov metabolic tus nqi nce, e.g., yog tias cov zaub mov no yog muaj li ntawm carbohydrate metabolism yog ceev los ntawm 4% thaum proteins uas los ntawm - 30%;
• tswj dej tshuav nyiaj li cas nyob rau hauv lub cev, vim nws cov hydrophilicity - lub peev xwm los nyiam dej;
• ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev coj los ua ke tshuaj uas tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshem tawm cov kev hem thawj ntawm tus kab mob.

Khoom - qhov chaw ntawm cov protein

Nqaij thiab pob txha tib neeg muaj nyob ntaub so ntswg, uas tshaj lub neej ntawm tsis tsuas yog kev haumxeeb, tab sis tseem tshiab. Recovering los ntawm kev raug mob, nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv kev quab yuam thiab lub zog. Ua li no, lawv yuav tsum tau heev ib as-ham. Khoom noj khoom haus muab lub cev nrog rau lub zog yuav tsum tau rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem, nrog rau cov chaw ua hauj lwm rau cov nqaij ntshiv, kev loj hlob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg kho. Ib tug protein nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab yog siv raws li ib qhov chaw ntawm lub zog thiab raws li ib tug lub tsev khoom.

Yog li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau tuav rawv nws siv txhua hnub nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov. Protein-nplua nuj zaub mov: nqaij qaib, qaib cov txwv, ntshiv nqaij npua, nqaij npuas, nqaij nyuj, nqaij ntses, cw, taum, lentils, nqaij npuas kib, qe, ceev. Tag nrho cov khoom muab lub cev nrog rau cov protein ntau thiab muab lub zog yuav tsum tau rau lub neej.