North-Siberian lowland: piav qhia, thaj chaw, kev nyab xeeb

Lub North-Siberian lowland (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia nws tau pom meej meej) yog ib thaj chaw loj heev nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Sab Hnub Tawg Siberia. Nws occupies sab qaum teb thaj av hauv ob cheeb tsam ntawm lub Siberian Federal District: lub Krasnoyarsk ib ncig thiab cov koom pheej ntawm Yakutia.

Lowland stretches rau 600 km ntawm lub Taimyr Byrranga Toj siab nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb Putorana toj siab, thiab yuav luag 1 500 kilometers ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub Yenisei dej nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob mus Olenek dej nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj. Yog li, cov lowland nyob nruab nrab ntawm 70 thiab 75 cov sib npaug ntawm sab qaum teb latitude, thiab nruab nrab ntawm 83 thiab 125 degrees sab hnub tuaj eastitude. Ntawd yog, nws npog lub Taimyr Cheeb Tsam ntawm sab qab teb, ncua ntawm lub hiav txwv Kara mus rau lub hiav txwv Laptev.

Climatic aav

Lub North-Siberian lowland nyob qhov twg thiab nws qhov chaw nyob li cas rau kev nyab xeeb? Lo lus nug no yog heev nthuav. Cia wb mus ze saib nws.

Yuav luag tag nrho ntawm nws yog nyob rau hauv lub arctic climatic cheeb tsam, thiab tsuas yog ib qho me me nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab hnub poob yog nyob rau hauv lub subarctic cheeb tsam. Feem ntau ntawm North-Siberian lowland yog ib cheeb tsam tundra. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb thiab sab qab teb-sab hnub poob qhov chaw ntawm lub hav zoov-tundra yog sawv cev los ntawm deciduous hav zoov, thiab nyob rau hauv lub central cheeb tsam ntawm lub Taimyr ceg av qab teb, raws li tau zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub northeast, lub cheeb tsam kis tau los ntawm cov arctic roob moj sab qhua.

Feem ntau cov no yog cov uas tsis tshua pom cov pob tundra uas tsis tshua muaj siab los yog mob rocky uplands mus txog 200 m, thiab qee zaus txog li 250 m. Lub cheeb tsam tau ntim nrog ntau cov dej ntws thiab pas dej. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lawv - p. Anabar, Olenek, Pyasina, Khatanga, thiab lub pas dej - Taimyr, Kokora thiab Labas. Lub Tundra yog hnyav ncawv heev.
Txoj kev nyab xeeb yog arctic continental, lub caij ntuj sov yog luv luv, lub caij ntuj no yog ntev heev. Claus mus txog 50 ^{° C} hauv qab no zero, thiab lub caij ntuj sov kub - tsis ntau tshaj 20 ° ^C.

Txij li thaum lub North Siberian Lowland yog situated north of lub Arctic vajvoog, lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij ntuj no lub caij yog nrog los ntawm ib tug ncov qaumteb qabteb hnub thiab hmo ntuj. Autumn thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntev yog luv luv. Cov caij hloov yuav siv sij hawm 2-3 asthiv. Cov dej nag hauv North-Siberian lowland yog tsawg: ntawm 200 mus rau 400 millimeters. Thoob plaws hauv av, hauv av thaws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv txheej txheej. Qhov tshwm sim no yog hu ua "permafrost".

Flora

Sab qaum teb-Siberian lowland muaj qhov chaw tsis muaj ciaj ciam. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm mosses, Lichens (ntxhuab), txiv hmab txiv ntoo fab (crowberry, blueberries, blackberries), ntsias birch thiab willows. Nyob rau sab qaum teb koj tuaj yeem nrhiav deciduous woodlands, thiab nyob rau hauv lub decays tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cua, tus dev Rose thiab lub qes-roob tshauv. Ntoo lub sij hawm luv luv: 6-8 lub lim piam, tab sis ntau cov angiosperms, polar poppies thiab sedges, tswj kom ploj thiab muab cov noob kom siav.

Tsiaj ntiaj teb

Sab qaum teb-Siberian lowland tsis zoo siab nrog rau ntau hom fauna. Qhov no yog ib qho hav zoov tsiaj qus, Arctic hma, hma, lemmings, tshaib plab hnyuv taum thiab cov thawv ntoo. Nyob rau hauv Taimyr, lub teb chaws mammoths, pib hauv lub xyoo 1960 los ntawm Canada, tsawm, musk oxen. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, nyob rau hauv lub tundra, muaj ib tug loj xov tooj ntawm waterfowl migrating noog: geese, ducks, geese.

Pejxeem

Hauv paus hauv paus txawm yog haiv neeg Nganasans, Enets, Dolgans thiab nyob rau sab qab teb - Khoos Kas. Txoj hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg no yog cov me nyuam yug, yos hav zoov tsiaj txhu thiab nuv ntses.