Neeg kho tshuab thaj chaw ntawm cov hlau

Neeg kho tshuab thaj chaw ntawm hlau muaj kev cuam tshuam lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia kuj mus rau lub loads thov mus rau lawv. Cov kev muaj peev xwm qhia los ntawm ntau ntsuas. Cov neeg kho tshuab thaj chaw ntawm cov hlau thiab alloys - yog, nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw, lub toughness, hardness, ductility, lub dag lub zog. Cov khoom muaj kuj nkag, hnav kuj thiab lwm yam khoom.

Lub ntsiab txhua yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txiav txim los ntawm kev nyuaj siab. Nyob ntawm seb qhov xwm ntawm tej yam uas cov load ib chav tsev ntawm lub sij hawm, rov-distinguished variables, dynamic thiab zoo li qub xeem. Neeg kho tshuab thaj chaw ntawm co kuj manifested nyob rau hauv lub qhua rau cov khoom ntawm sab nraud loads. Nyob rau hauv kev, kev ntsuam xyuas ua tej yam dabtsi yog khoov, Torsion, compression, nro thiab lwm yam teebmeem.

Neeg kho tshuab thaj chaw ntawm co manifested thaum lub sij hawm deformation. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem no to taub resizing thiab zoo ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv tus ntawm kev nyuaj siab. Deformation ntawm cov khoom uas lub cev yog muab faib mus rau hauv lub hnab yas thiab ywj. Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom, tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub load yog tsis rov qab los nws loj thiab cov duab, thiab lub thib ob - los nyob rau hauv nws cov thawj lub xeev ua ntej daim ntawv thov ntawm kev quab yuam.

Feem ntau, tus neeg kho tshuab thaj chaw ntawm co pib piav qhia txog rau lub hardness. Hais tias nws yog tus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws zoo ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv hardness to taub hlau muaj peev xwm kom muaj kuj mus yas deformation. Ntau kev ntsuas ntawm no muaj peev xwm yog cov feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm cov khoom zoo.

Cov tom ntej no tseem ceeb feature yog lub durability ntawm cov hlau. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev tau taub cov khoom uas zoo muaj peev xwm mus tiv thaiv puas thiab deformation. Nrog rau cov kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm tsim ntawm tej kab nrib pleb, uas provokes qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom rau hauv qhov chaw. Zog index yog txiav txim los ntawm kev tensile kev ntsuam xyuas.

Lub ductility ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas characterizes nws muaj peev xwm mus yauv mus yas deformation. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nws txiav txim zoo ntawm cov tau residual hloov nyob rau hauv loj thiab zoo tsis breakage. Plasticity yog ib qho tseem ceeb txog kev paub rau xaiv ntawm cov khoom rau siab kev kho mob.

Muaj peev xwm mus nqus qhov chaw ntawm lub sab nraud quab yuam yog cov neeg kho tshuab zog los ntawm txoj kev yas deformation yog hu ua tus viscosity.

Cov alloys occupies ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw iron (hlau-cov hlau). Nws muaj 2,14% carbon bole thiab ib co impurities. Iron-carbon hlau muaj siab castability yam ntxwv.

Cov feem ntau muaj ntau lawm muaj xws li hom li dawb, grey thiab zas hlau.

Ua ntej, rau piv txwv, muaj siab hardness, nws muab kuj hnav. Nrog rau qhov no, tus dawb cam khwb cia hlau yog nkig. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv uas yog raug phem machining.

Raws li ib tug ntawm cov av nyob rau hauv lub foundry kev lag luam siv ib tug grey cam khwb cia hlau. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj ib tug tensile lub zog txaus siab thiab zoo heev kho.

Raws li, zas hlau casting thiab yog muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog kev zoo lub zog.

Aluminium yuav tsum muab sau ua ke ntawm cov uas tsis yog-ferrous co thiab alloys. Lawv muab tej txiaj ntsim uas muaj nqi ntawm xeb kuj, yog yooj yim raug rau machining thiab molding.

Nws tseem yog heev raw khoom nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm tooj liab alloys yog suav hais tias. Cov mixtures muaj zoo zawv zawg, hauj thiab lub zog.

Titanium alloys muaj siab xeb kuj, Thaum tshav kub kub kuj, siab zog. Lawv yog cov tseem tsawg ceev.

Yog magnesium alloys, uas yog zoo raug Machining.