Peb niaj hnub no tus hero - lub kws sau paj lug Naum Korzhavin. Nws biography yuav tau los sib tham nyob rau hauv kom meej hauv qab no. Nws kuj hu ua ib tug playwright, lub tshuab txhais thiab txawj sau ntawv. Nws niam ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kws kho mob. "Big Phau ntawv" twb muab tsub ib tug tshwj xeeb nqi zog los ntawm lub project nyob rau hauv 2006. Nyob rau hauv 2016 nws tau txais lub teb chaws puav pheej "Lub Poet".
biography
Ua ntej, qhia txog qhov twg thiab thaum Naum Korzhavin yug. Biography pib nws lub kaum hli ntuj 14, 1925 nyob rau hauv Kiev. Kuv los ua xav nyob rau hauv cov paj huam thaum ntxov. Nws kawm nyob rau Kiev tsev kawm ntawv. Ua ntej tsov rog, raws li lub recollections ntawm peb hero, nws tau raug cais tawm ntawm qhov chaw no, raws li ib tug yog vim li cas hu xov tooj rau qhov teeb meem nrog tus thawj coj. Nikolai Aseev pom cov hluas kws sau paj lug tseem nyob rau hauv Kiev. Nws yog nws leej twg hais txog ib tug tub hluas nyob rau hauv ib tug Moscow txawj ib puag ncig. Thaum lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, lub kws sau paj lug los ntawm Kiev evacuated. Vim mus rau mob hnyav nearsightedness tsis tau txais mus rau hauv cov tub rog. Nyob rau hauv 1944 nws tau mus rau Moscow. Kuv sim los ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Maxim Gorky Literature lub koom haum. Txawm li cas los, nws tsis tau zoo. Nyob rau hauv 1945, nws cuv npe kawm nyob rau lub tsev kawm ntawv. Ntawm cov neeg nyob ib ncig nyob rau hauv lub hostel, peb hero yog Vladimir Tendriakov thiab Rasul Gamzatov. Nyob rau hauv 1947, nyob rau qhov siab ntawm Stalin lub phiaj los nqis tes, tus aim ntawm uas yog tus "sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv cosmopolitanism", tus tub hluas kws sau paj lug twb puas tau raug ntes. Hais txog 8 lub hlis nws yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv lub txim qhov chaw ntawm lub Ministry of State Security, raws li zoo raws li lub npe ntawm tus Serbian lub koom haum. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, peb hero twb raug txim raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Tshwj xeeb lub rooj sib tham nyob rau Ministry of State Security. Nws twb raug txim mus rau exile. Lawv sim nyob rau hauv cov khoom 58-1 thiab 7-35 ntawm lub txim txhaum Code, li ntawd, nws twb paub li "kev txaus ntshai caij." Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1948 peb hero raug xa mus rau Siberia. Hais txog 3 xyoo nws tau siv nyob rau hauv lub zos hu ua Chumakov. Los ntawm 1951 mus 1954 nws twb exiled nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Karaganda. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws ua tiav nws cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub tsuas kawm ntawv qib siab. Nyob rau hauv 1953 nws tau txais nws foreman. Tom qab lub amnesty nws mus rau Moscow. Nyob rau hauv 1956 nws tau rehabilitated. Nws zoo tu qab tso rau ntawm lub koom haum. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv no nyob rau hauv 1959 nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm lub kws sau paj lug nws tus kheej twb ua txhais. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub "thaw" Kuv pib luam tawm cov kwv huam nyob rau hauv ntau yam txhua hnub. Thoob plaws lub koob meej coj nws ib tug sau ntawm tej hauj lwm luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm "Tarusa Nplooj ntawv" paj huam sau. Nyob rau hauv 1963 nws luam tawm nws phau ntawv "xyoo." No sau muaj xws li kwv huam ntawm lub kws sau paj lug, sau thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm 1941 mus 1961. Nyob rau hauv 1967, lub Stanislavsky Theatre txo nws hwj cov kev ua si "Ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum," sau los ntawm peb cov hero. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub official ntawv, ib tug kws sau paj lug thiab muaj ib tug underground tivthaiv. Muaj ntau ntawm nws cov kwv huam raug faib nyob rau hauv samizdat npe. Nyob rau hauv 1960 lub kws sau paj lug tiv thaiv lub "raug kaw ntawm conscience" thiab Galanskov Ginzburg, Daniel thiab Sinyavsky. Tej xwm txheej no tau coj mus rau ib tug txiav npluav rau cov printing ntawm nws tej hauj lwm.
mus txawv teb chaws
Nahum Korzhavin tuaj mus rau hauv tej teeb meem nrog cov tub ceev xwm ntawm lub Soviet Union, uas yog tu ncua intensifying. Nyob rau hauv 1973, tom qab lub interrogation, uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub prosecutor lub chaw ua hauj lwm, peb hero tau ua ntawv thov qhov twg thov kev tso cai rau tawm hauv lub teb chaws. Nws kauj ruam, nws piav qhia, "lub tsis muaj cua tsim nyog rau lub neej." Cov kws sau paj lug mus rau lub tebchaws United States. Nws tsawm nyob rau hauv Boston. Maximov twb muaj cov mej zeej ntawm lub editorial rooj tsavxwm ntawm lub "sab av loj". Txuas ntxiv poetic ua hauj lwm. "Times" luam tawm nws sau los ntawm cov kwv huam nyob rau hauv 1976 nyob rau hauv Frankfurt yog Main. Nyob rau hauv 1981, cov phau ntawv "plexus" muaj tau luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv lub post-perestroika lub sij hawm peb hero ib lub sij hawm mus rau Russia, nws twb tso cai rau tuav paj huam readings. Nws tuaj txog nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab capital rau thawj lub sij hawm, tau txais ib tug caw Okudzhava. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub eighties. Cov thawj qhov chaw nyob qhov twg nws siv nws cov lus - Tsev Xinesmas. Cov cuab yog kiag li tag nrho. Nyob rau sab balconies muab ntxiv rooj zaum, uas raug coj los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm chaw ua hauj lwm. Thaum Okudzhava thiab Korzhavin nyob rau lub scene, tag nrho cov neeg tuaj saib sawv thiab muab ib cov ovation thoob. Peb hero yuav tsis pom. Yog li ntawd Okudjava nraum rau nws thiab hais tias lub cuab greets lawv sawv. Korzhavin heev txaj muag. Tom qab ntawd nws recited kwv huam thiab teb ntau yam lus nug. Tag nrho cov no nws tau ua los ntawm lub cim xeeb. Nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv, kuv yuav tsis tau nyeem vim cov neeg pluag pom. Los ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib pib tawm lub lam uas tuaj rau lub rooj sib tham raws li cov neeg tuaj saib. Yog tsis muaj kev cob qhia, lawv nyeem cov phau ntawv ib yam ntawm cov kwv huam, uas cia li qhib ib tug sau.
Xyuas
Nahum Korzhavin raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug yog kwv yees li txawv. Wolfgang Kazak hu nws lyrics kaw ntom nti, stingy nyob rau imagery. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov khoom ntawm peb hero, raws li cov tib thuam, tau kev ncaj ncees thiab kev nom kev tswv zog los ntawm abstraction. Tsis tas li ntawd Wolfgang Kozak nyuab siab tias ua hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug sawv ntawm lub qhov tsaus ntuj nws tau pom, thiab vileness, thiab txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub teeb thiab nom tswv cajceg.
Tej lub neej
Peb twb luv luv hais txog leej twg no Nahum Korzhavin. Tej lub neej nws yuav tau piav hereinafter. Tus thawj tus poj niam ntawm lub kws sau paj lug yog Valentina Mandel. Nws kuj muaj ib tug ntxhais, Elena. Ob txhais tus poj niam ntawm peb hero los ua kev hlub Semyonovna, leej twg tuag nyob rau hauv 2014. Lawv tau sib yuav nyob rau hauv 1965. Hlub Semyonovna yog ib tug philologist.
compositions
Nyob rau hauv 1961 nws luam tawm ib phau ntawv, "16 kwv huam". Nyob rau hauv 1962, Naum Korzhavin luam tawm paj huam, "Yug ntawm lub xyoo pua." muaj ib phau ntawv, "Lub sij hawm" nyob rau hauv 1976. Nyob rau hauv 1981, muaj "plexus". Nyob rau hauv 1991 ib phau ntawv luam tawm "Tsab ntawv rau Moscow", uas muaj cov kwv huam thiab nqe no. sau "muab lub sij hawm" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1992. Cov phau ntawv "Nyob rau sis ntawm lub xyoo pua" sau nyob rau hauv 2008. Authorship ntawm peb hero belongs rau lub sau ntawv "Nyob rau hauv kws muaj txuj ci ntawm lub banal tej kev tseeb", "Lyrics Marshak", "Paj Huam ntawm A. K. Tolstogo", "Yaroslav Smelyakov hmoo", "poetic biography ntawm kev."
documentaries
Nahum Korzhavin nyob rau hauv ob peb films. Nyob rau hauv 2003 tuaj lub zaj duab xis "Portraits ntawm lub era." daim duab "Lawv Xaiv txoj kev ywj pheej" raug tua nyob rau hauv 2005. Nyob rau hauv 2011 muaj ib tug zaj duab xis "Emka Mandel nrog Colborne Road, 28". Nyob rau hauv 2015, cov ntxaij vab tshaus tawm hauv daim duab "Naum Korzhavin. Lub sij hawm yog muab ... ". Tam sim no uas koj paub tias dab tsi nto moo kws sau paj lug Naum Korzhavin. Duab txuas mus rau cov khoom siv no.