Monument Lermontov nyob rau hauv Moscow: yees duab thiab piav qhia

Lub rau hli ntuj 4, 1965, nyob rau ib hnub ci lub caij ntuj sov hnub, tus neeg pej xeem qhib ntawm lub monument Lermontovu Mihailu Yurevichu nyob rau hauv nws teb koj chaw - nyob rau hauv Moscow. Thaum lub ceremony kawm los ntawm paj huam, sau ntawv, kev soj ntsuam, cov tub ntxhais kawm, cov tub kawm thiab zoo tib yam neeg ua hauj lwm. Los ntawm lub sam thiaj tsis nyuaj congratulatory has lug hab thiab kwv huam.

Lub tswv yim los mus tsim ib tug monument rau Lermontov nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv 1941. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm tus 100th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm cov kws sau paj lug lub nroog loj tsoom fwv tau txais ib tug decree ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm lub memorial. Tab sis tsis ntev pib lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog yog tsis tau kom paub lub tswv yim ib zaug.

Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 60s muaj ib lub sij hawm rov qab mus rau lub tswv yim no. ob peb kev sib tw rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws peb tes num ntawm lub monument tau nqa tawm. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1964, lub xyoo ntawm tus 150th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm nws yug los, tus Thawj peb tes num nyob rau hauv Moscow, monument rau Lermontov tau pom zoo. Ua hauj lwm pib rau nws raug.

Moscow nyob rau hauv KUV lub neej Lermontov

Nyob rau hauv Moscow, Lermontov nyob ib tug tag nrho ntawm tsis tshaj 5 xyoos. Tiam sis nrog lub nroog nyob rau hauv nws lub neej tau txuam nrog qhov tseem ceeb cov txheej xwm. Qhov twg nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 1814 nws yug los. Txawm li cas los, ib tug ob peb lub hlis tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1815 nws raug coj mus rau Tarkhany, mus rau lub qub txeeg qub tes ntawm nws pog nyob rau hauv nws niam lub sab, qhov uas nws tau raug tsa mus rau 13 xyoo.

Nyob rau hauv 1827, Lermontov ib zaug dua nyob Moscow, kom tau ib tug kawm ntawv. Nws paub ua ntej nyob rau hauv lub B & B nyob rau Moscow Imperial University, thiab ces mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv nws tus kheej.

Thaum kawg, nrog Moscow kev cob cog rua nrog thaum pib ntawm lub tswv yim kev ua si ntawm lub kws sau paj lug. Nyob rau hauv thaum xyoo 1830, lub "caij nplooj ntoos hlav" nyob rau hauv nws zaj paj huam "Athenaeum" magazine. Nws yog tus thawj ntawv ntawm Lermontov. nws confidently nkag mus hauv lub Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub sij hawm.

Tus thawj monument rau lub kws sau paj lug

Tham ntawm kev tsim ib monument rau Lermontov pib nyob rau hauv lub lig XIX xyoo pua, hais txog 40 xyoo tom qab nws tragic kev tuag nyob rau hauv ib tug duel. Nyob rau hauv Pyatigorsk, muaj ib tug teg num pab pawg neeg, uas pib los txhawb lub tswv yim, tab tom nrhiav tus tsoom fwv tso cai thiab ua fundraiser.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws twb npaj siab mus nrhiav kom tau Lermontov monument nyob rau hauv Moscow. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1880 peb dhau lub nrov koob tsheej rau lub sij hawm ntawm cov lus qhib ntawm lub monument rau Pushkin muaj (ua hauj lwm Opekushin AM), li ntawd, tus tshiab nquag project Moscow lub zos txoj cai tau yuam kom tso tseg.

Cov creation ntawm lub monument twb preceded by ntau xyoo ntawm kev npaj ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv 1889 tuaj thawj nyob rau hauv Pyatigorsk Lermontov monument.

Lwm yam monuments Lermontov

Ua raws li cov monument tsa nyob rau hauv Pyatigorsk, Lermontov cim pib tshwm nyob rau hauv lwm yam Lavxias teb sab lub zos. Nyob rau hauv 1892 - nyob rau hauv Penza (sculptor Gunzburg IJ), nyob rau hauv 1896 - nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg (Kreytan VP), nyob rau hauv 1900 - nyob rau hauv lub suburban Serednikovo (Golubkina AS). Ob zaug sim tebchaws ib monument nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm Lermontov lub duel nyob rau hauv Pyatigorsk. Thawj peb tes num yog DVR nyob rau hauv 1901 (los ntawm Baikov AA), tab sis tom qab 6 xyoo, cov duab puab poob mus rau hauv disrepair vim hais tias Nws yog ua los ntawm gypsum. Tus tshiab monument nyob rau tib lub qhov chaw tau teem nyob rau hauv 1915 (sau Mikeshin BM).

Monuments KUV Lermontov ntsia tau rau hauv Tambov, Gelendzhik, cia tsev cia puav pheej Tarkhany (Penza Thaj av), Grozny. Nws thiaj li tau tshwm sim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm lub kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv Moscow, nws nco tau perpetuated yuav luag kawg. Tab sis Moscow tus monument stands thiab craftsmanship, thiab nws spatial tshuaj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv ntau lub respects tshiab, tab sis xav paub ntxiv txog hais tias nyob rau hauv vim lub sij hawm.

Xaiv ib qho chaw rau Lermontov monument nyob rau hauv Moscow

Cov lus nug rau ntawm qhov chaw nyob qhov twg lub monument yuav tsum ntsia tau lawm sai sai. Commission neeg tej yam ua ke xaiv chaw uas zoo heev rau cov liab rooj vag Square, uas txij thaum 1941 Dais lub kws sau paj lug lub npe. Tsis deb ntawm lub square muaj ib lub tsev uas nws tau yug MU Lermontov.

Monument Lermontov nyob rau hauv Moscow: kev npaj theem

Nco qab ntawm lub monument twb preceded by ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm. Tsim kev sib tw tuav txij 1958. Ib tug txiav txim ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm lub Union ntawm Ntxias tau soj ntsuam dozens ntawm kev xaiv rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm tsis nrhiav ib tug uas yuav los siav lawv siab. Ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov zajlus thiab daim ntawv no twb nyob monuments Lermontov, cov duab nrhiav tsis tau lawv, tab sis tseem muaj ib tug hais lus piav qhia.

Ib txhia sculptors cia siab rau ib tug dynamic kev tov, xaiv ib tug txawv txawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, txoj hauj lwm, qhov teeb meem no. Lawv Lermontov twb muab tso rau hauv ib lub pob zeb, nyob rau ib tug nees, zaum rau hauv av, nyob rau hauv ledge ntawm lub roob. Tej yaam num nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej txaus siab, tab sis ho tsis tau raws li lub chaw uas tau muab teev rau kev lub neej yav tom ntej monument.

Lwm yam sau phau ntawv muaj teem nyob rau hauv cov kis ntawm lub sab hauv lub xeev ntawm cov kws sau paj lug, los ntawm txoj kev paub qhia lo gestures, tig taub hau, thiab lwm yam Tab sis ntev qhia ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm cov txiav txim, tsis phim cov duab Lermontov.

Lub paj ntawm lub pawg neeg pab txiav tau tej yaam num uas muaj cov kev daws teeb meem ntsig txog ntawm lub monument, analyzed yuav ua li cas nws yuav haum rau hauv lub surrounding toj roob hauv pes.

Ib pab pawg neeg ntawm tus sau phau ntawv nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm ID Brodsky ntawm tag nrho cov theem ntawm cov kev sib tw yog cov contenders rau lub yeej. Nws yog lawv project nyob rau hauv 1964 thiab tau pom zoo.

Cov pab neeg ntawm cov sau phau ntawv

Isaac Davidovich Brodsky yog tus tshaj plaws mature tug tswv cuab ntawm lub yeej muaj tswv yim pab neeg. Nws tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub fronts ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, thiab tom qab nws kawm tiav cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm Applied thiab Hniav Arts, qhov uas nws kawm nrog tus naas ej sculptor MG Manizer. Ua ntej yuav pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub monument rau Lermontov, Brodsky twb muaj kev ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm monuments. Nyob rau hauv 1954-1955 xyoo nws memorialized AM Gorky Tesselli thiab Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, ua monuments revolutionary cov thawj coj.

Peb coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub 2 cov tub ntxhais kws kes duab vajtse - Nikolay Nikolaevich Milovidov thiab Grigoriy Efimovich Saevich. Lawv yog cov luag hauj lwm rau lub spatial kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub monument, refined nws loj, txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, tau analyzed raws li cov duab puab yuav nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog cov surrounding vaj tse.

Invaluable pab lub tswv yim pab neeg muaj ib tug soj ntsuam IL Andronicus, tsis muaj yim pab thiab lub tswv yim Lermontov monument nyob rau hauv Moscow yuav tsis tau txais xws li ib tug portrait thiab puas siab puas ntsws yog cov neeg.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas

Daim duab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug tau txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm bronze. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem tsoos ntaub ntawv. Vim nws yas zog, nws tso cai rau koj los mus tsim heev compositions, piav tsawg tshaj plaws cov ntsiab lus. Monuments Lermontov nyob rau hauv Russia, rau qhov cov ua los ntawm no hlau.

Ua los ntawm bronze thiab hniav grille constituting lub monument nrog ib tug hluas khaub ncaws ntau. Qhov seem qhov chaw ntawm no khaub ncaws ntau (pedestal raug tshem tawm qhov chaw, lub ntxaij ntoo txhawb nqa pylon) no yog ua los ntawm polished gray granite. No thaum lawv tseem sib txawv ntawm cov kev ntxhib los mos thiab thaj chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tso cai rau muab semantic accents thiab tau nyiaj pab ntau tshaj expressiveness.

Hauj lwm ntawm lub monument

Monuments Lermontov nyob rau hauv Russia yog txawv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab tej yam rau tus tuav. Moscow Memorial cos thiab tsis tau heev kev paub qhia lo. Daim duab kws sau paj lug muaj txhav nkhaus tsim loj du dav hlau, rau ib thaj tsam ntawm cov uas sib nyob rau hauv ntse ces kaum. Qhov no yuav qhia lub dag lub zog ua rau thiab daim duab. Nws nkawd hais tias lub khees reticence hides ib tug lossis loj nrog lub zog.

Cus ciav thiab dynamic duab puab ua tus txhais lus los ntawm cov khaub ncaws. Tus naj npawb yog muab ntim rau hauv ib tug nruj tub rog lub tsho tiv no. Tab sis gusts fluttering nws plag tsev thiab qev dab tshos, revealing lub kws sau paj lug lub hauv siab ntawm lub ntsiab. Nruj, hamstrung symbolically qhia nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm ob txhais tes chained qab nws rov qab. Txawm li cas los, lub taub hau ntawm lub kws sau paj lug volitional zog tsim ntawm ib tug kos npe rau hais tias nws tsis xav mloog.

Ntau dag zog muaj tau siv ua mus cuag ntsis. Nws yog tshwj xeeb yog pab tswv yim IL Andronicus. Rau ib lub hauv paus yog nws tus kheej-portrait ntawm Lermontov, tsim nyob rau hauv 1837.

artistic cov ntsiab lus

Tus thawj yam uas koj yuav tsum mloog thaum sib tham txog cov nta ntawm lub monument yog nyob rau hauv tus duab ntawm lub pedestal. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub memorial pedestal - nws yog lub feem ntau coj tus thiab tsis yog ib feem. Granite pillar, ib tug me ntsis tshaj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm, thiab ib txhij seb puas tsimnyog tau daim duab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug tshaj lub cheeb tsam surrounding thiab mus rau lawv, vim hais tias ntawm tib cov ntaub ntawv uas tsim kiab khw. Pillar, devoid ntawm tej kho kom zoo nkauj, tsis yog ib tug distraction los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub memorial.

Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog dav raug tshem tawm, extending raws ib sab ntawm lub site. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, nws yog ib lub tshuaj ib ncig chaw. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem no yog thoob plaws, cim tias seb thaum nws zoo nta thiab cov kev pab.

Lwm tseem ceeb lub caij yog cov khaub ncaws ntau curly grating embodying Lermontov silhouettes cov cim - Dab thiab Mtsiri. Nruab nrab ntawm lawv nyob rau high school muaj metub yoj xwm ib sail. Ntxaij ntoo ua tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug zoo nkauj lub luag hauj lwm, tab sis kuj cais lub teb chaws los ntawm tus so ntawm lub monument chaw ua si.

Nyob rau hauv muaj ntau yam Lavxias teb sab lub zos, monuments Lermontov ntsia, tus yees duab yog tsis ib txwm tau mus hloov lawv mus rau lub qhia, harmonious kev sib raug zoo nrog cov surrounding toj roob hauv pes. Ib yam yog tej yam, monument tsa nyob rau hauv Moscow, ntawm cov saum toj kawg nkaus peb.