Monosaccharide - ib tug ... Properties thiab cov piv txwv ntawm monosaccharides

Carbohydrates monosaccharides - yog yooj yim digestible tshuaj uas tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv tib neeg noj cov zaub mov. Yog hais tias koj noj cov khoom nplua nuj nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj, tus nqi nyiaj ntawm lub zog yuav tsum tau rau tag nrho ib hnub.

Yog li ntawd monosaccharide - ib tug heterofunctional compound. Tom ntej no, ib tug los ze zog saib txhua yam ntawm pab nta thiab tus piv txwv.

zog monosaccharides

Yog li ntawd, dab tsi yog cov kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj? Yuav pib, xaiv uas monosaccharide - ib tug yooj yim qab zib. Peb paub qhov txawv cov nram qab no:

• piam thaj;
• galactose;
• fructose.

Nco ntsoov tias txawm tib molecular mis (C6N12O6) tag nrho cov muaj ntau yam isomers. Raws li nyob rau hauv no, lawv muaj ntau zog, uas peb yuav kawm txog nyob rau hauv zoo meej, tab sis ua ntej hais tias nws yog tsim nyog los nco ntsoov rau hauv lub tshuaj thaj chaw ntawm monosaccharides.

tshuaj zog

Cov monosaccharide molecule yuav qhia ib tug ntawm peb kev haumxeeb pawg:

• carbonyl;
• dej hydroxyl;
• hemiacetal hydroxyl.

Cov zoo ntawm functional ib pawg muaj ib tug monosaccharide, thiab txiav txim siab nws tshuaj zog. Ib tug heev ib qho tseem ceeb feature yog lub fermentation uas muaj suab thaj, uas yog kawm mas hexoses. Vim hais tias ntawm qhov xwm ntawm tus enzyme, paub qhov txawv cov nram qab no tshua:

• dej fermentation ;
• malolactic;
• butyric;
• txiv qaub tart;
• acetone-butonolnoe.

Nco ntsoov tias lub monosaccharide - ib tug carbohydrate uas nyob rau hauv tus ntawm oxidation allocates ib tug heev loj npaum li cas ntawm lub zog, li ntawd, cov tshuaj yog li ntawd tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub neej. Peb npaj mus rau lub tsom xam ntawm lub monosaccharides xws li qabzib, fructose thiab galactose.

piam thaj

Tej zaum, nyob rau hauv lawv lub neej, txhua leej txhua tus hnov cov zib thiab cov kev pab cuam. Nws yog ib qho zoo heev qhov chaw ntawm lub zog yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cellular ua pa yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau zus tau tej cov protein.

Qabzib - ib tug monosaccharide, uas yog ib qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom noj rau lub paj hlwb. Nws yog tsim nyog los tswj cov kev puas hlwb lub xeev ntawm ib tug neeg, nrog ib tug tshaj ntawm lub substance, nws yuav chim siab, poob self-control, tsis muaj peev xwm mus ua tau ib lub luag hauj lwm txiav txim siab.

Feem ntau, cov zib nyob rau hauv cov khoom tsis yog nyob hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv no, nws yog ib feem ntawm ib tug complex carbohydrate. Thaum lawv tuaj los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus cov khoom rau peb lub cev, lub cleavage ntawm complex tshuaj rau yooj yim sawv daws yuav. Yog li ntawd peb lub cev tau txais piam thaj thiab tsim nyog ua lub zog.

Nco ntsoov tias monosaccharides (xws li zib) yog heev sai absorbed rau hauv cov ntshav, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau tom qab txoj kev kawm thiab nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob haus muaj suab thaj thiab tej zaub mov, thiab tau tus tsim nyog koob tshuaj siv tej yam ntuj tso khoom xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kua mis nyeem qaub, thiab hais txog.

fructose

Qhov twg yog lub monosaccharide muaj? Qhov no txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, zib ntab thiab dej cov khoom. Los ntawm qhov twg yog fructose, nyob thiab nws cov pab zog. Yog hais tias koj siv tej yam ntuj tso khoom, txhim kho metabolism, koj saturate lub cev nrog tseem ceeb cov vitamins thiab minerals uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub qub hauj lwm ntawm lub cev.

Raws li twb tau hais, nws nyob ntawm lub qhov ntawm fructose nws cov khoom. Piv txwv li, muab lub syrup thiab tej yam ntuj tso kua. Lub syrup yog npaum li cas ntau tshaj no yooj yim qab zib, uas yog muab nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim zog daim ntawv thiab nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso khoom nws yog tsawg, tab sis nws yog nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog rau lwm cov tseem ceeb ib txoj lw ntsiab. Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li, yog ntau ntau, tab sis noj cov kua no pab tau nyob rau hauv ib tug dej qab zib cov ntsiab lus ntawm fructose. Lub syrup muaj fructose tsuas yog ib, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub muaj tseem ceeb tshuaj uas pab rau lub cev kom zoo dua nqus nws.

Yog vim li cas, ces, yog hais tias nyob phoov muaj loj nyiaj ntawm fructose, koj yuav tsum xav txog ua hauj lwm los txo cov kev siv ntawm cov khoom no? Peb pib nrog lub fact tias ib tug seem ntawm ib tug monosaccharide nyob rau hauv lub cev ua rau yus mus rau ib tug deterioration ntawm kev noj qab nyob, koj qhov hnyav nce, ib tug overabundance roj uas txhaws taus thiab ib tug txo nyob rau hauv qab los noj mov kev tswj. Heev phem siv fructose raws li ib tug qab zib. Cov kev siv ntawm tej khoom yuav tsum mob loj tsawv.

galactose

Tshaj plaws uas kuv xav hais - yog hais tias galactose, fructose los yog qabzib, yog tsis pom nyob rau hauv qhov nyob rau hauv nws cov ntshiab daim ntawv. Nws yog tsim nyob rau thaum lub sij hawm khiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li hydrolysis ntawm lactose. Qhov twg yog nws pom? Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj, uas yog ib tug tseem ceeb heev zog qhov chaw rau tsiaj (xws li tib neeg).

Nco ntsoov tias nws cov ntaub ntawv glycolipids thiab glycoproteins uas yuav tsum tau ntaub so ntswg. Yuav ua li cas lwm tus uas yuav tsum tau galactose? Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim hais tias lub cev muaj peev xwm ua lactose. Qhov no siv rau menyuam mos noj mis poj niam. Raws li nws tshwm sim, thiab yuav ua li cas kom tau galactose? Ua li no, koj yuav tsum noj cov khoom noj uas muaj loj nyiaj ntawm qab zib, lub cev ces converts nws mus rau hauv galactose, uas ncaj qha muaj feem xyuam rau zus tau tej cov mis nyuj lub mis. Raws li pom los ntawm qhov no, tag nrho cov monosaccharides txuas ua ke, tej zaum ib txhia yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov nuj nqis ntawm lwm tus neeg.

Nrog kev xav txog cov thaj chaw ntawm galactose, lawv yog ho txawv los ntawm cov neeg ntawm lwm monosaccharides. Nrog nws koj muaj peev xwm tswj koj qhov ceeb thawj, nws yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua si kev noj haus vim hais tias nws muab lub cev nrog rau lub zog, uas yog txaus rau ib tug ntev heev. Yog vim li cas ncaws pob muaj ntau hardier txiv neej uas muaj tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog kev ua si nawv.

Monosaccharides. piv txwv

Tam sim no xav txog qhov no tseem ceeb heev lo lus nug: qhov twg yog muaj cov tshuaj no? Lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm lub zog thiab noj qab nyob zoo - nws monosaccharides. Piv txwv ntawm cov khoom uas muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj:

• Cereals. Yog hais tias koj noj lawv nrog piam thaj, lawv muaj ob fructose thiab qabzib. Yuav ua li cas yuav nws yuav? Bakery khoom, cereals, porridge, cov nplej zom, thiab hais txog.
• Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab berries. Nyob rau hauv lub qeb tau txais txawm ketchup raws li soob - ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws kuj muaj xws li tej frozen txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, jams, syrups, compotes, jams thiab lwm yam khoom.
• Khoom noj siv. Lawv muaj piam thaj thiab lactose, ntawm no peb muab tso rau lub mis nyuj, yogurt, qab zib cheese, mis nyuj khov thiab thiaj li nyob.
• Med.
• Khoom qab zib.
• Syrups.
• Caw.

Qhov no tsis yog tag nrho daim ntawv teev cov khoom noj uas muaj carbohydrates yog monosaccharides. Raws li lawv yog muaj nyob rau hauv txawv zog, uas yog heev teeb meem rau tib neeg. Nws yuav tsum tau muab kev xaiv li cas rau tej yam ntuj tso khoom.