Lub npe nrov St. Petersburg ntxias: ib tug txheej txheem cej luam ntawm creativity

Nto moo ntxias ntawm St. Petersburg 19-21 centuries tau ua ib tug zoo heev pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tsis tsuas yog domestic tab sis kuj ntiaj teb no kab lis kev cai raws li ib tug tag nrho. Lawv tej hauj lwm yog nrov tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws tab sis kuj txawv teb chaws, feem ntau nyob rau hauv Western teb chaws Europe thiab nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. Lub tsev kawm ntawv North capital ntawm peb lub teb chaws muaj ntau yam zoo-paub cov npe ntawm cov ua yeeb yam. Qhov no tshuaj tas mus rau feem ntau cov yam ntxwv ntawm koj creativity thiab zoo-paub ntawm lawv.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub hnub nyoog

Nto moo nyuab ntawm St. Petersburg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 raug tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev li kev cai ntawm lub Academy of Arts, nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov 18th caug xyoo. Lub tsev kawm ntawv tau ua si ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kev cai lub neej ntawm lub capital ntawm cov teb chaws Ottoman. Nws yog kev lom zem ntau borrowed tau raws li Western European masters, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws aim yog cov kev kawm ntawv thiab kev kawm ntawm lub teb chaws txuj ci: sculptors, painters thiab architects. Lub Academy yog lom zem ntau txiav txim los ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm fine arts. Qhov no yog facilitated los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lub tsev twb ntaus nqi mus rau lub Ministry of Education, raws li zoo raws li lub imperial tsev hais plaub. Nws tsis muaj tej teeb meem nrog rau cov nyiaj txiag ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv raug xa mus txawv teb chaws, thiab hais tias coj mus rau ib tug dej siab ib puag ncig rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm painting.

masterpieces

St. Petersburg lub naas ej ntxias tau cas kev cob cog rua nrog lub Academy. Piv txwv li, ib tug naas ej artist KP Bryullov qhia ntawm qhov chaw no rau ib txhia lub sij hawm. Nws tau raug tsa pab cov xibfwb thiab nyob rau hauv them nyiaj ntawm cov kev kawm hauv chav kawm ntawv. Rau lub sij hawm los ntawm 1836 mus 1849 lees paub Petersburg lub sij hawm ntawm nws ua hauj lwm. Tom qab ntawd nws yog ib tug muaj leej twg paub tus tswv ua tsaug rau cov zaj duab xis "Tus hnub kawg ntawm Pompeii", uas yog ib tug resounding zoo nyob rau hauv Western European lub teb chaws thiab cov neeg pleev ua ib tug tiag tiag celebrity.

Nyob rau hauv lub capital, nws twb qhia rau sau ib monumental painting rau hauv lub ntsiab ntawm ancient Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm. Raws li cov zajlus twb npaum li cas raws li ib tug rov ntawm lub siege ntawm Pskov Polish King nyob rau hauv 1581. Lub canvas tsis tau tiav, txawm ceev faj npaj thiab zog ua hauj lwm ntawm tus neeg sau rau nws.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yog ib tug muaj leej twg paub tus tswv ntawm lub ceremonial thiab chamber portraits. Nws sau tau ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov dluab ntawm muaj koob contemporaries: Zhukovsky kws sau paj lug, playwright, puppeteer, fabulist Krylov. Txawm li cas los, tus sau tau dhau ib tug yooj yim txoj kev los ntawm txoj kev kaj lug harmonious portrait ntawm ib tug complex puas siab puas ntsws dluab, raws li tus yam ntxwv zoo los ntawm nws nto moo self-portrait.

Repin

Nto moo nyuab ntawm St. Petersburg los ua koj ntxias nws lub sij hawm, lawv tau pab ib tug ntau mus rau lub kev loj hlob ntawm painting. Hais tias Repin yog hais txog cov sau phau ntawv. 1863-1871 xyoo nws los ua tus thawj lub sij hawm Petersburg kos duab. Tau pom zoo raws li ib tug tswv ntawm realism, nws sau rau ib tug ntau yam. Tab sis tus yam ntxwv feature ntawm nws ua hauj lwm yog qhov tseeb hais tias nws muaj txawm nyob rau hauv nws cov keeb kwm paintings yeej ib txwm nyob ib tug artist ntawm peb lub sij hawm, shortening tus deb nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib thiab cov yav tag los. Nyob rau hauv no lub sij hawm ntawm nws ua hauj lwm, nws tsim nws nto moo painting "barge Haulers rau lub Volga". Qhov thib ob theem ntawm lub St. Petersburg ntawm nws ua hauj lwm coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1882-1900, thaum nws sau keeb kwm paintings uas tau ua muaj tseeb masterpieces ntawm painting. Cov lawv yuav tsum tau hu ua "Ivan qhov txaus ntshai thiab nws tus Tub." Nws kuj pleev xim rau portraits, piv txwv li, tus naas ej painting depicting nws tus phooj ywg Garshina.

Lub Soviet lub sij hawm

Nto moo nyuab ntawm St. Petersburg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th txuas ntxiv qhov kev cai ntawm pre-revolutionary tsev kawm ntawv, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj ib tug ntau ntawm tshiab txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub domestic painting. Paub yog lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm N. Timkova, Soviet artist uas ua hauj lwm tsuas yog nyob rau ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm toj roob hauv pes. Tab sis cov thawj lub sij hawm nrog cov creation ntawm ib tug series ntawm paintings nplooj siab rau besieged Leningrad, nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv uas nws coj ib feem. Lwm cov neeg pleev kob - Osipov tau mob siab nws tus kheej mus tsim kom muaj paintings txuam uas muaj cov tshuaj scenes ntawm Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm. Ib tug ntawm nws nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm yog tus painting "lub tsev nrog ib tug koov."

Cov niaj hnub nyob ntev

Nto moo nyuab ntawm St. Petersburg ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st kuj zoo paub nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws thiab txawv teb chaws. Ib hom ntawv nyeem thiab keeb kwm paintings , sau O. Eremeev. Lwm niaj hnub cov neeg pleev kob V. Bratanyuk nplooj siab nws ua hauj lwm mas theatrical nuj nqis. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paub yog nws paintings, uas depict tus ballerina. Cov paintings zoo nkauj heev kaj xim thiab graceful daim duab. Yog li ntawd, tus naas ej St. Petersburg ntxias ua ib tug tseem ceeb pab rau cov kev cai cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm lub teb chaws thiab lub ntiaj teb no.