Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cov theatrical kos duab, nws keeb kwm yav dhau thiab cov yam ntxwv. Ancient Greek ua yeeb yam

Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws yog lub birthplace ntawm ntau arts, xws li ua yeeb yam, sawv ntawm lub lem ntawm 4-5 centuries BC Lo lus "ua yeeb yam" yog ib yam uas Greek keeb kwm thiab yog txhais lus raws li "spectacle." Lub sij hawm ntawm keeb kwm ntawm theatrical kos duab hu ua classical era, ntaus nqi raws li ib yam ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov qauv. Tus heev ancient Greek ua yeeb yam tsis tuaj tawm ntawm tsis pom qhov twg. Rau ntau pua xyoo, yog ib lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov txheej xwm cov kev cai lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws yog ib tug success nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus vaj tswv Dionysus. Hauv plawv ntawm nws nteg kev cai dab qhuas rituals thiab leb ua si muaj feem xyuam rau lub rebirth ntawm cov xwm tom qab ib tug ntev lub caij ntuj no. Nyob rau hauv lub Greek capital txij thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 4 BC txhua lub xyoo, nyob muaj ib hnub thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav staged comedy, qee thiab ua yeeb yam, rau rau siab ua qhov kev tshwm sim. Cov pageants lub sij hawm tau nyob tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Athens tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub teb chaws, ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej lawv raug pom zoo raws li ib tug yuav tsum yog ib feem ntawm txhua txhua pej xeem nyiaj so koobtsheej. productions ntawm kev xaiv kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub nroog tsoom fwv, lawv tau tsa raws li tsev hais plaub uas soj ntsuam cov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm "lam". Cov winners tau txais prizes. Yog li ntawd, cov ua yeeb yam tau ua ib feem ntawm tej kev ua koob tsheej.

Tus thawj ancient Greek ua yeeb yam ris lub npe ntawm Dionysus thiab nyob rau hauv lub qhib huab cua nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov slopes ntawm cov Acropolis. Lub tuam tsev no tau tsa xwb nyob rau hauv lub staging ntawm ua yeeb yam thiab haum raws li ib tug ncaj loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg saib. Tag nrho nrig txog kev pom lodges, raws li zoo raws li lub scene ntawm nws tau ua los ntawm cov ntoo planks. Ua nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug lub tsev yog kev nyab xeeb heev. Yog li ntawd, kom dim lub mloog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm seventieth Olympiad (499 BC), ntoo rooj saib yuav luag tag poob mus. Tom qab no qee, nws twb txiav txim siab los pib kho ntawm ib tug zoo pob zeb ua yeeb yam.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 4 BC tau raug tsa mus rau lub thib ob Greek ua yeeb yam, nws cov tsos tau hloov ob peb zaug tshaj lub xyoo ntawm cov hav zoov. Pob zeb tsev ua yeeb yam ntawm Dionysus yog ib tug zoo meej piv txwv ntawm Greek architectural kos duab thiab tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug qauv rau tag nrho cov lwm tus neeg uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov nram no theaters. Raws li ib txhia qhov chaw, lub lub cheeb ntawm nws cov scene (orhestry) yog tsis tsawg tshaj li 27 meters. Ua ntej, tag nrho cov qhov muag pom qhov chaw nyob ncaj qha nyob ib ncig ntawm cov theem uas tshwm sim theatrical kev kawm. Txawm li cas los, cov neeg uas xav mus koom cov ua yeeb yam thiaj li muaj ntau yam uas peb yuav tsum tau ua qhov chaw deb tshaj nws cov phab ntsa. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ib txhia viewers yuav tsum tau tim khawv tias tus ua yeeb yam, zaum deb txaus deb ntawm lub scene nws tus kheej.

Cov ancient yeeb yam yog sib txawv heev los ntawm cov tam sim no, tsis tsuas nrug, tab sis kuj sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj. Yog li, lub lam ua rau nws nyob ntev, ua tau lub tsev nyob rau theem ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib tus xov tooj. Ib tug ob peb centuries tom qab, tus scene pib ua upbeat. Kab hlau rhuav rau tus ancient yeeb yam kuj tsis yog. Tus thawj nrig txog kev pom series feem ntau faib rau influential neeg, cov tub ceev xwm thiab lawv cov approximate. Zoo tib yam neeg yuav tsum tau noj tsis yog tus zoo tshaj plaws rooj ntawm ib tug txiav txim deb ntawm orhestry.

Theatre ntawm Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev pab tiv thaiv ntawm lub xeev. Lub koom haum ntawm tag nrho cov duab kos tau tshwm muab kev koom tes senior ua hauj lwm - archons. Cov nqi rau nws cov txij nkawm, raws li zoo raws li cov kev cob qhia ntawm lam, hu nkauj, thiab lwm yam Lawv nteg nyob rau lub xub pwg nyom ntawm muaj myiaj cov pej xeem ntawm lub nroog, uas lub npe hu ua choregos. Profession ntawm actor thiab playwright nyob rau hauv ancient Greece raug xam tias yog heev honorable. Muaj ntau lam ntawm theaters ntawm lub lem ntawm 4-5 centuries BC nyob los ntawm cov senior ua hauj lwm, koom nyob rau hauv kev nom kev tswv.

Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov poj niam txoj kev ua si nyob rau hauv lub Greek theaters twb tsis tau tso cai. Lawv lub luag hauj lwm yog ib txwm ua los ntawm cov txiv neej. Tus actor twb tsis tsuas zoo-nyeem ntawv, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau mus las voos thiab hu nkauj. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov Greek hero ntawm cov kev ua si yog ib tug daim npog qhov ncauj uas yog hnav nyob rau tus neeg ua si rau cov theem, raws li zoo raws li ib tug wig. Ntawd daim npog qhov ncauj dhau tag nrho nws yooj yim cwj pwm txawv thiab yaam puab paub, tso cai rau tus tuav kom paub qhov txawv qhov zoo los ntawm qhov tsis zoo hero, etc.

Ancient Greek tsev ua yeeb yam pib lub kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug European theatrical kos duab nyob rau hauv feem ntau. Txawm nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub ua yeeb yam tseem hwm nws yooj yim hauv paus ntsiab lus, ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv architecture thiab nyob rau hauv lub lam 'ua yeeb yam. Nws muab lub ntiaj teb no ib tug ua txoj kev sib tham, kev koom tes los ntawm ib tug nyob actor, uas yog indispensable rau lub hav zoov ntawm cov theatrical kos duab raws li xws li.