Literary tsom xam Ode "Felitsa". Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin Ode "Felitsa"

Keeb kwm ntawm lub Ode "Felitsa" yog nthuav vim hais tias Gabriel Derzhavin nyob rau hauv lub siab xav ua kom lub Empress tau raws li nws ua hauj lwm rau nws tus kheej ua hauj lwm, luam tawm ua ntej lub me me ncig. Lawm, luj lug feemxyuam kws sau paj lug zaj dab neeg pib mus ua si ntau nplua nuj xim, nyob rau hauv Ntxiv rau qhov no, los ntawm kev ua cov keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam ib tug tshiab style thiab ib tug kws sau paj lug celebrity.

tsom Odes

"Felitsa" yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug subtitle uas qhia meej txog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sau ntawv no piece. Nws hais tias lo lus caw kom cov Wise Princess Tatar nobleman uas hais nyob rau hauv Moscow, tab sis nws yog nyob rau ua lag ua luam nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Tsis tas li ntawd chichtatelya mystify qhov tseeb hais tias Ode liam twb txhais los ntawm Arabic. Analysis Ode "Felitsa" pib nrog ib lub npe uas tsis suab haiv neeg Lavxias teb sab los yog koom pheej.

Lub fact tias nws twb yog li lub npe nws heroine, Catherine II nyob rau hauv nws taleas ntawm tus tub huabtais ntawm chlorine. Pab raws li ib lub hauv paus mus rau lub Italian lus (nyob ntawm no peb yuav nco qab ib tug neeg zoo li Cutugno, shouting "Felicita") txhais Latin lo lus "Felitsa" (Felitsa - felicitas) li kev zoo siab. Yog li Derzhavin pib extol lub Empress los ntawm tus thawj kab, ces yuav tsis tau thaum nws thiab nyob rau hauv satire nyob rau hauv cov lus piav qhia ntawm nws ncig.

artistic synthesis

Analysis Ode "Felitsa" qhia tau hais tias lub installation nyob rau hauv dog dig, saws thaum lub sij hawm lub solemn Ode qhuas rau hnub tim. Sau tsoos strofikoy Ode - desyatistishiyami, thiab, raws li tau leej twg, iambic tetrameter. Tab sis ua ntej Derzhavin tsis muaj ib tug tau tsis tau dared rau hauj lwm ua ke ob opposite nyob rau hauv lub targeting ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem - ib tug majestic Ode qhuas thiab scathing nom tswv satire.

Tus thawj yog ib tug Ode rau "Felitsa". Derzhavin zoo li "tshaj rov qab" nyob rau hauv nws innovation, raws li lub caij nyoog ua kom tiav ntawm lub tej yam kev mob ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem, yam tsawg kawg nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lub "Kwv huam rau cov me nyuam yug", uas txawm strofikoy tsis cais. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tswv yim disappears kom sai li sai raws li tus nyeem ntawv overcomes tus thawj ob peb stanzas. Tseem txawm Ode muaj pes tsawg leeg "Felitsa" yog npaum li cas wider thiaj kos duab synthesis.

Tale "Felitsa"

Nws yog nthuav kom xav txog dab tsi motives sim hawm caij nyoog rau Derzhavin compose no "kiv cua ntawv tseeb", uas tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug yuav tsum muaj hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab tsim nyog yog tias qhov no yog qhov txuas ntxiv rau cov ntsiab. Thaj, tsim nyog, thiab heev. Catherine II sau tau nws zaj rau nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv, tsis tau malenky, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej tus poj Alexander I. Nyob rau hauv cov taleas ntawm lub Empress peb yuav sib tham txog tus tub huabtais ntawm Kiev tshuaj, uas tau mus xyuas lub Kyrgyz Khan, mus xyuas seb tus tub huabtais tiag tiag thiaj li ntse thiab ntse, raws li lawv hais txog nws.

Tus tub pom zoo coj tus kuaj thiab nrhiav tau ib tug uas tsis tshua muaj paj - ib tug rose tsis muaj pos - thiab ntaus txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev, teb rau ib qho kev caw Murzas Lentyaga (hais lub npe), tus tub huabtais nws los kom tiv thaiv kev dag ntxias ntawm cov khoom kim heev thiab idleness, uas nws seduces Lentyag. Qhov zoo ces, nws Kirghiz Khan muaj ib tug heev zoo tus ntxhais, uas nws lub npe yog Felicia, thiab txawm ntau zoo tus tub xeeb ntxwv, uas twb hu ua vim li cas. Felitsa xa nws tus tub mus rau hauv lub None, uas twb tso tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm vim li cas rau lub hom phiaj ntawm nws cov lus.

Choj ntawm ib tug fairy taleas thiab ib tug Ode

Nws yog ntxhab roob tsis muaj paths thiab stairs nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv. Thaj, tus tub huabtais thiab ntawm nws tus kheej yog heev tawv ncauj, vim hais tias, nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub zoo kawg li nyiaj ua hauj lwm thiab kev soj ntsuam, mus rau lub sab saum toj, nws tseem nce, qhov twg dai kom zoo nkauj nws lub neej li ib tug Rose tsis muaj pos, uas yog ib tug virtue. Analysis Ode "Felitsa" qhia tau hais tias, raws li nyob rau hauv tej fairy taleas, cov dluab yog conventionally allegorical, tab sis Derzhavin nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Odes lawv tau nyuaj heev thiab tag nrho cov odic qhia classic designs, uas yuav yeej ascent rau Parnassus thiab sib tham nrog tus Muses, thim tom ntej no nrog seemingly unpretentious dluab ntawm cov me nyuam txoj kev fairy tales.

Txawm lub portrait ntawm Catherine (Felitsa) muab ib tug kiag li tshiab yam, uas yog heev uas zoo sib xws rau tsoos qhuas odopis. Feem ntau Odes honorable cim tshwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb qhia dluab ntawm tus vajtswv poj niam, ib tug Procession kev ntawm solemn booming lus sib dhos no nrog mob loj heev ua tsis taus pa atherosclerosis. Ntawm no yog lub kws sau paj lug enthusiastically, thiab - feem ntau cov tseem ceeb - nruab nrog poetic kev txawj. Kwv huam tsis muag thiab tsis inflate ntev pathos. Ode txoj kev npaj "Felitsa" yog hais tias Catherine tshwm sim rau cov nyeem ntawv raws li ib tug ntse tab sis yooj yim thiab lub lag luam Kirghiz kaysatskaya ntxhais huabtais. Nws plays lub kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev siv ntawm cov duab thiab cov zoo - cov duab nobleman, vicious thiab tub nkeeg tshaj Derzhavin enjoyed ntau tag nrho raws Ode. Li no tus unprecedented ntau yam ntawm lwm yam, uas yog txawv Ode "Felitsa".

Derzhavin thiab Empress

Ua rau singer no kuj hloov nyob rau hauv relation mus rau qhov kev kawm ntawm chanting, yog hais tias peb xav txog xwb tsis tag nrho cov yav tas los Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv thiab txawm paj huam ntawm Derzhavin. Tej zaum Ode ntau ruam ib co tswv zoo li poj huab tais, tab sis, nrog tag nrho cov no, thiab nrog rau ib tug tag nrho piety uas qha Ode "Felitsa" cov ntsiab lus qhia tau hais tias ib tug tej yam intimacy thiab kev sib raug zoo, tsis paub zoo, tab sis lub tshav kub yog yuav luag kinship.

Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub satirical kab Derzhavin tau tej zaum kuj yuav to taub ob. Collective nta nobleman luag thuam cov duab tag nrho ntawm cov queue Catherine nobles, Thiab nws yog no hais tias tus kws sau paj lug tsis nco qab txog nws tus kheej. Avtoironiya - txawm ntau muaj tsawg fact nyob rau hauv lub paj huam ntawm cov xyoo. Copyright "I" yog tsis devoid ntawm paj huam, tiam sis ua rau nws paub tseeb tias "Qhov no yog, Felicia, Kuv depraved," "Hnub no yuav tsum yeej xwb koj, tab sis kuv yog ib tug qhev rau cov whims ntawm tag kis." Lub rov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Ode ntawm tus sau "Kuv" - ib tug fact ntawm kuj zoo kawg artistic tus nqi. Lomonosov kuj pib ib qho Ode rau qhov uas "kuv", tab sis raws li ib tug loyal tus tub qhe, thiab Derzhavin sau - ib tug vaj tse thiab ua neej nyob.

Lub narrative ntawm tus sau

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus yeees ntawm cov Odes "Felitsa" tag nrho thiab yuav tsis hais ntxiv rau tus neeg sau txoj kev cwm pwm. Derzhavin feem ntau yuav tsum zwm nyob rau hauv tus neeg sau txoj "Kuv" conditional duab ntawm lub singer, uas yog feem ntau yog ib txwm tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub Odes raws li satires. Tab sis muaj ib tug txawv: nyob rau hauv lub Ode lub kws sau paj lug ua si xwb cov dawb ceev delight, thiab satire tsuas resentment. "Odnostrunnye" Derzhavin lwm yam ua ke creation ntawm ib tug nyob tus txiv neej-paj huam, nrog kiag li pob zeb lub neej, nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm txoj kev xav thiab cwj pwm txawv, nrog "polychord" suab paj nruag ntawm cov nqe lus.

Analysis Ode "Felitsa" yeej qhab nia tsis tau tsuas yog delight, tab sis kuj npau taws, thuam thiab qhuas nyob rau hauv ib tug raj mis. Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lub sij hawm mus dissemble, rau sneer. Xws li behaves thoob plaws hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm raws li txig li qub thiab muaj txoj sia nyob. Thiab nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ib tug neeg muaj undeniable yam ntxwv ntawm haiv neeg. Nyob rau hauv lub Ode! Thiab tam sim no xws li ib tug cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj ib qho unprecedented, yog ib tug neeg niaj hnub no yuav sau odic kwv huam.

Hais txog lwm yam

Ode "Felitsa", cov ntsiab lus ntawm uas yog thiaj li nplua nuj nyob rau hauv contradictions, zoo li tshav ntuj sov los ntawm ib lub teeb conversational hais lus ntawm txhua hnub kev muaj tiag, lub teeb, yooj yim, tej zaum playful, uas yog ncaj qha tsis tooj mus rau cov kev cai ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem. Ntxiv mus, no muaj ib tug coup ib hom ntawv nyeem, yuav luag ib kiv puag ncig.

Nws yog tsim nyog los ntxiv tias Lavxias teb sab classicism tsis paub paj huam li "ib tug paj huam". Tag nrho cov paj huam twb nruj me ntsis muab faib ua lwm yam thiab hom, sharply demarcated, thiab cov ciam teb rau lwm twb inviolable. Ode, satire, Elegy thiab lwm yam kev poetic creativity yuav tsis tau tov nrog txhua lwm yam.

Ntawm no cov tsoos pawg ntawm classical kiag li lawm tom qab cov organic fusion ntawm Odes thiab satires. Qhov no siv tsis tau tsuas yog rau "Felitsa" Derzhavin puas tau nws ua ntej thiab tom qab. Piv txwv li, lub Ode "Nyob rau hauv kev tuag ntawm tub huabtais Meshchersky" - ib nrab Elegy. Lwm yam yog polyphonic nrog ib lub teeb tes Derzhavin.

kev vam meej

Tau txais ib tug lossis loj zoo no Ode tam sim ntawd tom qab ntawv: "Sawv daws yeej paub yuav ua li cas nyeem nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, nws twb tuaj nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes" - nyob rau hauv cov lus ntawm ib tug kawm. Thawj Derzhavin ceev faj lug luam tawm ib tug Ode, sim zais qhov authorship (tej zaum xwm thiab mas coj ua nom ua tswv twb vindictive), tiam sis ntawm no muaj ntxhais fuabtais Dashkova thiab hom "Felicia" nyob rau hauv lub "interlocutor", uas nws tus kheej Catherine II tsis zam kev koom tes.

Empress Ode heev npaum li cas, nws txawm quaj nrog delight, kom sai li sai tau las authorship thiab thaum nws tshwm sim, xa Derzhavin kub snuffbox nrog ib tug inscription thiab tsib puas ducats nyob rau hauv nws. Nws yog ces hais tias lub kws sau paj lug tuaj mus tiag tiag koob meej.