Lefortovo Palace: kev, kws kes duab vajtse, keeb kwm

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1675 muaj ib tug unusually charming thiab ntse tub hluas nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nws tuaj ntawm Switzerland nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm taug txuj kev nyuaj thiab ntxhov wealth. Kom nws credit - thiab ces rau lwm tus ntxhiab nws yog zoo heev. German hais sib haum qhov twg nws nyob, nyob rau hauv cov xyoo ib tug mus xyuas swarming nrog adventurers, tab sis nws yog nws, Franz Lefort, txoj hmoo tau npaj winning ticket, ua ib tug nyob ze associate ntawm Petra Velikogo.

Hluas darling ntawm hmoov zoo

Hauv nyob rau hauv lub German Quarter, Franz yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj hurry mus tsim txom lawv tus kheej nrog tej yam hauj lwm, thiab muaj ib tug txhais tau ntawm livelihood, yuav ib tug ob peb overripe, tab sis lub cov ntaub ntawv uas muab los ntawm tus ntxhais ntawm Colonel Sug, nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev zoo siab yog coj nyob rau hauv Russia los ntawm Fabkis. Young, zoo nkauj, thiab dua li, tau ib tug ntau yam pauv loj tus nqi taub hau, Lefort coj ib tug carefree lub neej, zoo li ib tug never-ending tsiab peb caug. Nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug Whirl ntawm kev lom zem, thiab nws twb destined kom tau raws li nrog tus tub thaum huab tais Peter I.

Cov tub hluas ntxhais Swiss muaj ntau yam txuj ci, tiam sis feem ntau mas cov lawv yog cov muaj peev xwm rov hais dua rau tus neeg txoj kev. Heev sai sai no lub Lavxias teb sab autocrat, tsis tsuas coj nws mus rau nws, tab sis kuj ua ib qho ntawm nws trustees. Txij thaum ntawd los ua hauj lwm Lefort sharply mus txog lub roob, thiab txhawb fortuna tsa hmoo rau lub feem ntau zoo yeej.

Sovereign khoom plig rau nws nyiam

Generous rau nws favorites, Peter ua tshiab tsiaj ib tug tiag tiag muaj koob muaj npe lub txiaj ntsim - ib lub tsev rau nws nyob rau hauv Moscow, nyob rau hauv txhab nyiaj ntawm lub Yauza luxurious cov tsev loj, surrounded los ntawm ib tug chaw ua si thiab hu ua Lefortovo Palace. Kws kes duab vajtse Dmitry Aksamitov, uas coj qhov kev txiav txim rau tus tsim thiab kev siv ntawm tej vaj tse, tiav lawm nws tsim nyob rau hauv 1698. Nws yog heev lub rau nws lub sij hawm.

Yav tas los ua palaces Moscow paled ua ntej qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov thawj muaj hmoo. Nws tsev loj ua tau nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua eclectic style, uas sib txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab ntawm cov qub vaj tse ntawm lub tsev loj cuj thiab lub qho tiam sis nyob rau hauv cov xyoo, hu ua "Peter lub baroque". Rightly tau xav hais tias tus neeg sau ntawm peb tes num yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj Lavxias teb sab architects uas tau ua ib qho los mus ua txhaum tawm ntawm lub vos moj khaum ntawm lub pre-Petrine architecture.

Lub magnificence ntawm txais chav tsev

Nyob rau hauv nws, txhua yam yog tshiab thiab txawv txawv nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau cov tsim canons ntawm Moscow. Yuav kom ua lub Lefortovo Palace, qhov chaw ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej cov rooj sib txoos uas yuav haum ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm invitees, tus huab tais txib mus teem nws nyob rau hauv ib tug niam qhuav txiv qhuav nrog, tsis inferior mus rau lub luaj li cas ntawm cov European qauv. D. Aksamitov raws nraim ua tiav raws li qhov no yuav tsum tau, thiab qhov kev txaus siab lawv tsa lub palace los ua ib tug giant nrog thiab kaum-altitude cheeb tsam ntawm peb puas square meters.

Lub teeb precious chandeliers reflected nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm tsom iav, them ib tug lossis loj portrait ntawm Peter kuv, majestically zoo nrog padded liab daim ntaub English phab ntsa. Pom qhua unwittingly poob nyob rau hauv lub nplua mais ntawm cov duab thiab zoo nkauj tapestries, svezonnyh no qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub khws nyob rau cov teb chaws Europe. Cov chav tsev yog li ntawd loj hais tias nws yuav qhuas tus splendor ntawm kaum tsib puas neeg nyob rau ib lub sij hawm.

suite ntawm cov chav

Kuv ntaus Lefortovo palace thiab cov khoom kim heev ntawm lub lwm yam lag. Los ntawm cov memoirs ntawm contemporaries paub tias ntsia Muab ib tug suite ntawm cov chav, nrog rau ib tug, nyob ntsuab daim tawv nqaij muaj Tuam Tshoj khoom, lwm yam hit khoom zoo whimsical Suav masters, peb - cov precious rooj tog. Thiab yog li ntawd Treasuries twb tsis muaj pes tsawg tus.

palace park

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, tag nrho cov yog thiab lub tiaj ua si lwm tus lub Lefortovo Palace. Nyob rau nws, peb kawm tau los ntawm ib tsab ntawv los ntawm tus tswv, nws xa mus rau nws tus tij laug nyob rau hauv 1698. Nws qhia txog cov uas nws kim heev, ib cheeb tsam teej tug mus rau nws, nyob qhov twg, nrog nraim ntoo nyob raws li yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub qus, cov tsiaj qus. Lefort kuj mentions nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv ntawm lub rarity ntawm cov sij hawm - dag pas dej teeming nrog ntses.

tsev layout twb nqa tawm nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas lub ntsiab pem hauv ntej twb hloov dua siab tshiab rau lub Yauza. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias qhov no reflected lub xaav ntawm nws li heev navigable dej. Raws li tus sau, cov kev tsos ntawm cov palace twb complemented muab tso rau lub qhov thiab tsib caug phom.

Foom, cov pressures ntawm palace

Housewarming tog, nrog unrestrained kev xyiv fab, coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 1699. Cia li los ntawm hais tias lub sij hawm xeeb secrets Lefortovo palace. Lub fact tias nws cov dab neeg yog ib tug ntau ntawm cov qhia cov txheej xwm thiab muab sawv mus rau lub tsaus ntuj tshaj plaws legends. Tus thawj ntawm cov yog cov cia li tuag ntawm lub tsev tus tswv tsev, overtaken nws nyob rau hauv peb lub lis piam tom qab ib tug tumultuous koob tsheej.

Cov hauj lwm ua kom nws muaj mob hu ua, ntau xyoo quaj los kuamuag vim Lefort, tab sis ho tsis xav kom pom zoo nrog hais tias hinted ntawm tej kev khib, kev nrog uas yog tag nrho ntawm German kev sib hais haum, cov uas yuav zoo heev tig mus ua cov kws txawj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj lom tuag. Tab sis tom qab ntawd, thaum tseem ominous txoj hlua ntawm cov neeg tuag, cov kev xav tau converged rau ib tug tej yam foom, leaning hnyav ncawv rau ntawm no palace. Yog li ntawd nws los yog tsis - nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau hais tias, tab sis nyob deb muab tshem tawm los ntawm kev ntseeg dab, Peter siv lub zoo kawg li palace rau nws npaj lub hom phiaj, teem sijhawm nws nyob rau hauv receptions ntawm ambassadors, assemblies, thiab ntau xwb vwm binges.

Tus tswv tsev ntawm lub palace

Qhov no lasted kom txog thaum 1706, mus txog rau thaum kev sib hais haum tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Semenovskaya hluav taws tsis txhob ua puas lub tsev ntawm lwm ntawm tus huab tais txoj kev nyiam - Alexander Danilovich Menshikov. Yuav kom nplij stately cov neeg raug ntawm cov hluav taws, huab tais muab nws ib tug orphaned Lefortovo palace los ntawm kev noj ib co ntawm nws cov restructuring. Caw los ntawm tus tswv tshiab, Lavxias teb sab kws kes duab vajtse ntawm Italian keeb kwm Giovanni Maria Fontana, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub tsev loj tsa xauv plaubâ € |-storey vaj tse cob cog rua ntawm them taug, loog thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog intricate arcades.

Txij li thaum ces tus Lefortovo palace lub npe hu ua Menshikov, tab sis gravitated tshaj nws foom tsis pub thiab hais tias txog rau thaum xaus ntawm hnub rau kev txaus siab cov splendor ntawm lub zoo kawg nkaus lag. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm nws patron kiag zavorovavshiysya Aleksandrov poob hwj chim thiab twb exiled Siberia, raws li lawv hais, nrog confiscation ntawm vaj tse.

Yav tom ntej tsim txom los ntawm cov ntsujplig phem

Thaum twg, nyob rau hauv lub luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm lub reign ntawm Peter II lub capital twb dua tsiv mus rau Moscow, qhov no palace los ua ib tug ntawm cov residences ntawm cov tub ntxhais huab tais. Nws yog nyob rau hauv nws ib tug autocrat yuav tso tseg nyob rau hauv 1727, tuaj txog nyob rau ntawm nws coronation. Txawm li cas los, cov foom phem rau thiab ces nco ntsoov txog nws tus kheej - mam li nco dheev tuag nws tus muam Natalya Alekseevna. Deb ntawm txoj kev txhaum, Peter II sab laug lub palace, tab sis rov qab rau nram qab no xyoo.

Nws yog heev liab liab nws. Thaum nyob rau hauv lub "phem qub Palace" tsawg tshaj li ib xyoo, tus huab tais los ua koom Princess Ekaterinoy Dolgorukovoy, tab sis lub tshoob tsis yog yuav tsum. Nyob rau hauv koomhaum hnub, Lub ib hlis ntuj 18, 1730, nws tau tuag lawm mam li nco dheev. Tsis ntev tom qab nws tuag, ces nws nce mus rau lub zwm txwv ntawm Empress Anna Ivanovna.

Bes thiab ces ua tsis tau tejyam podgadit cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv ib yam ntawm cov palace halls, nws tau qhia nws mus ua txhaum lub kos npe rau mob thawj, uas yog tas muaj koob muaj npe hwj chim chim heev. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, extravagant Empress rau ib xyoo caum plunged Russia mus rau hauv ib tug los ntshav maelstrom ntawm nws tyranny.

Ob peb ntau muaj kev vam meej predecessors tsuas yog lub Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, uas tsis muaj khees mob rau kuv tus kheej nyob ntawm no nyob rau hauv 1742 thaum lub sij hawm mus ntsib ib tug Moscow. Spared lub hmoo ntawm cov kob xiav-eyed kev zoo nkauj, ntau dua lwm yam lyubivshuyu kev lom zem outfits thiab zoo nraug tiv thaiv tub ceev xwm. Yuav kom nws tuaj txog palace lag tau rov qab los tom qab raged nyob rau hauv lawv qhov hluav taws kub ntawm Moscow nyob rau hauv 1737.

Lub ntxiv txoj hmoo ntawm lub palace

Nws yog cov cuab yeej ntawm lub Txhab nyiaj, lub Lefortovo Palace nyob rau hauv Moscow rau ib ntev lub sij hawm tau siv feem ntau raws li ib tug chaw nyob rau hauv lub txais tos ntawm txawv teb chaws ambassadors thiab lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws diplomats. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1771, nws tsis muaj tsev nyob tus kab mob plague cais tawm thiab tom qab ntawd tsawm lub ua yeeb yam cov tub qhe. Cov nqi tshiab no mas yuav kis tus palace nyob rau hauv 1804, thaum nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tub rog lub xeev archive.

Kawg ntawm lub palace splendor tuaj nyob rau hauv 1812. hluav taws kub hluav taws uas engulfed lub ancient capital, yog tsis spared, thiab cov phab ntsa. Txij thaum ntawd los, nyob rau qhov chaw uas ib zaug Petus baroque zoo nyob rau hauv zoo meej sib raug zoo nrog cov ancient Lavxias teb sab Terem style, loomed ib blackened puam tsuaj. Nyob rau hauv lub txhab nyiaj muaj tsis muaj nyiaj rau nws kho tshiab, lub palace twb tso tseg thiab tsis nco qab lawm los ntawm tag nrho cov ntau xyoo.

Raws li cov memoirs ntawm contemporaries, nws ruins yuav sai sai no overgrown nrog ntoo thiab nyom, uas seemed yuav sim mus nkaum los ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm passers-mob tej yam tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis saib xyuas. Lub ruins lawv tus kheej raws li tshiab inhabitants nyob sai sai. Lawv tau ua ib tug Haven ntawm lub zos tub sab thiab bandits, nkaum muaj los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Nws tau nce thiab ib tug loj loj, ib zaug-groomed, thiab los ntawm lub sij hawm ib tug tsiaj qus tiaj ua si. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo, Muscovites sim tau round no qhov chaw tsaus.

Lub palace, uas tau los ua tus archives

Lub rooj txhawb siab ntawm lub palace pib nyob rau hauv lub lig forties ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua, thaum nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws hais kom ua ntawm lub sovereign Nicholas twb rebuilt thiab nthuav peb pem teb. Nyob rau hauv nws cov halls nyob xeev archive ntawm lub Main neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Army, uas yog muaj rau hnub no.

Tab sis niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv no txoj ntawm vaj tse nyob ib sab mus rau cov tub rog ntaub ntawv ib tug uas nws kim heev sau los ntawm suab ntaub ntawv muaj feem xyuam rau sij hawm sib txawv ntawm cov keeb kwm. No sau muaj xws li heev heev monuments ntawm lub suab lis kev cai thiab socio-thoj lub neej. Tus sau los ntawm no kuj zoo kawg tsev qiv ntawv, hu ua luv luv RGAFD, koj muaj peev xwm pom thiab mloog mus rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm muaj ntawm lub suab, los ntawm ciab thooj voos kheej kheej rau niaj hnub CDs.

Monument ntawm cov laus Moscow

Saib cov laus Moscow nws yog tsis yooj yim sua tsis tau pom lub Lefortovo Palace. Chaw nyob rau nws .. 2nd Bauman Street, thiab lwm yam 3. Tau ib tug snap. Koj siv tau cov subway thiab tau tawm ntawm Bauman chaw nres tsheb thiab yuav tsum tau hu los ntawm lub npav naj npawb 78. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cov ntaub ntawv, tej Muscovite zoo siab hlo qhia rau koj qhov chaw uas lub Lefortovo palace nyob.

Niaj hnub no nws zoo li yog me ntsis txawv ntawm ib tug tus nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm puas xyoo. Yog vim li cas rau cov uas - nyob rau hauv heev heev rearrangements, feem ntau ua heev dua lwm yam rau cov tswv yim lub hom phiaj, thiab tsis tau noj mus rau hauv tus account lub architectural uniqueness, cog muaj los ntawm tus thawj project.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov kev hloov ua rau lub zuag qhia tag nrho layout ntawm lub cheeb tsam, kaw thiab ib zaug-pom zoo nkauj ntawm cov Yauza. Raws li rau cov foom phem, gravitated tshaj lub palace nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub, ces raws li ntev raws li nws cov phab ntsa twb ua tub rog, nws tsis qhia nws tus kheej - txawm khiav los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog cov ntsujplig phem.