Kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub computer

Muaj koj puas tau wondered li cas yog ib qho ntawm ancient cov neeg, niaj hnub tib neeg thiab computers? Dua li ntawm qhov sib txawv, tag nrho cov yog tseem muaj. Pob zeb paintings ntawm txheej thaum ub txiv neej, rau cov ntaubntawv povthawj ntawm peb lub contemporaries thiab binary code nyob rau hauv computers - tag nrho txoj kev qhia xov xwm, los yog, precisely ntau, tsuas yog ib txhia ntawm lawv hom. Tam sim no, thaum computers tau ua ib feem ntawm lub neej txhua hnub ntawm lub neej, txhua leej txhua tus, kom PACE nrog lub sij hawm, koj yuav tsum to taub qhov yooj yim cov ntsiab lus thiab cov tswv yim.

Txij thaum nws cov inception, computer systems tau hloov ob peb tiam: ua ntej nws yog ib tug cov neeg kho tshuab ntxiv tshuab, ces lub teeb qauv thiab, thaum kawg, lub semiconductor hluav taws xob ntau ntau yam. Yuav ua li cas yog interesting, txij ancient sij hawm, thaum nws yog tus pib ntawm xam, tej ntsiab cai ntawm coding ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem unchanged. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub computer yog tib yam li nyob rau hauv txhua yam pab kiag li lawm. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, peb yuav sib tham txog hauv paus ntsiab lus, tsis yog txoj kev siv. Sawv daws yeej paub hais tias qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub computer muaj ib tug binary xwm. Qhov no yog hais nyob rau hauv thawj lub computer science qhia nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Yuav ua li cas cov lus dag qab lub sij hawm "binary calculus"?

Cia peb suav mus rau kaum: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ... 10. Nyob rau hauv no series ntawm kaum tug lej tom qab, nrog nws tus kheej "10" - yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv, vim hais tias nws muaj ob yooj yim "1" thiab "0". Ua raws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lwm lub computer. Nws yuav siv tsuas yog thawj ob tug lej tom qab, thiab tsis yog lawv cov duab, thiab hluav taws xob shocks: lub transistor, qhov no "cib" uas niaj hnub hluav taws xob circuits, yuav muaj ob txoj haujlwm - kaw thiab qhib. Thaum noj nyob rau hauv nws lub hauv paus cut-off voltage (paug yog, ib zajlus kom chav tsev), ces lub caij qha kuas ua txhua tsis muaj tam sim no, thiab vice versa. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, cov kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub computer yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau sophisticated mechanisms, "1" yuav txhais li cas ob lub xub ntiag thiab tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm ib lub teeb liab. Cov yav tas tsis tau tsuas yog lwm yam uas lub xeev ntawm ib transistor thiab generates ib tug logic lag luam "THIAB - LOS SIS".

Logic "0" thiab "1" yog hu ua me me (binary zauv - binary lej, daim duab). Ib pab pawg neeg ntawm yim (tsis kaum!) Khoom yog ib tug byte. Combining lawv ib theem zuj zus yuav encode tej lub cim. Li ntawd, cov byte - qhov tsawg tshaj plaws chav tsev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lem, hloov qhov kev txiav txim ntawm bytes yuav encoded (sawv cev nyob rau hauv cov daim ntawv no) nrog rau tej ntaub ntawv. Tej encoding yog ua los ntawm cais pab kiag li lawm, thiab computer programs. Piv txwv li, thaum peb hais tias "nyob rau hauv Skype" los ntawm ib tug microphone, ib tug analog hluav taws xob lub teeb liab (yoj) yog hloov dua siab tshiab mus rau ib tug lub suab card ntawm cov zajlus kom zeros thiab sawv daws yuav kwj uas kis mus rau cov kev pab cuam qhov twg los, nyob rau lub rov qab transformation - ib tug yoj yog xa mus rau lub suab qhov twg los. Ib yam li ntawd, los ntawm nias qhov tseem ceeb rau lub keypad, tus neeg siv qhia qhov kev pab cuam cov yam binary cai, tab sis rau lub yooj yim ntawm cov yam cim tshwm rau hauv lub screen.

Txoj kev uas cuag tau cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug computer, raws li twb tau hais, tso cai rau encode tag nrho. Piv txwv li, rau digitizing dluab thov nram qab no tov: txij li thaum tej duab yuav tsum sawv cev raws li ib tug txheej ntawm cov ntsiab lus, txhua tus uas yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm coordinates rau lub dav hlau, ci ci, nqaij tawv, nws yog txaus tig tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug computer nkag siab ib theem zuj zus ntawm sawv daws yuav thiab zeros. Tom ntej no mus saib ib daim ntawv luam ntawm cov email rau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam ntawm cov saib kev pab cuam xa mus rau lub tso zis ntaus ntaub ntawv rau txhua tus taw tes, thiab nyob rau hauv raws li nws cov duab yuav ua lub tsev.

Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm lub binary system ntawm xam mus rau lwm yam yog nws simplicity thiab kev kab ntsab ntawm "khi" cov kev tswj ntawm hluav taws xob hauv lub lag luam. Nws yog tej no yog lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau nws siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub computer systems.