Kab tsib, nws ntau lawm thiab kev siv

Qab Zib pas nrig - yog ib tug perennial, herbaceous nroj siab txaus tsev neeg ntawm cereals. Nws yog zus nyob rau hauv teb chaws sov thiab subtropical cheeb tsam rau sucrose thiab lwm yam qab zib raug byproducts.

hauj lwm kab lis kev cai

Kab tsib zoo li xyoob. Nws stems loj hlob nyob rau hauv me me bundles, yog cylindrical rau hauv cov duab thiab ncav cuag ib qhov siab ntawm txog li xya meters nrog ib tug tuab ntawm ib tug mus rau yim centimeters. Nws stems los ntawm cov kua txiv thiab tau lub qab zib. Lub pob hlav ntawm txhua kav yog buds (ob lub qhov muag) uas yog tom qab tsim rau hauv ib tug me me sab tua. Lawv yog siv rau yug me nyuam kab tsib hais tawm txoj kev. Noob yog tsim nyob rau hauv sab qaum kev ib ntawm Inflorescences (nyob rau hauv panicles). Lawv mas siv rau yug me nyuam tshiab hom pas nrig, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv uas tsis tshua muaj mob - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov noob.

Kab tsib yuav tsum tau fertile av, kom txaus lub hnub thiab dej. Uas yog vim li cas nws yog cultivated tsuas yog nyob hauv cheeb tsam uas muaj noo thiab kub kev nyab xeeb. Yog xav tau lub siab tshaj plaws nqi ntawm sucrose los ntawm lub stems (17 feem pua los ntawm qhov hnyav), tua tam sim ntawd tom qab lub cessation ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv qhov siab.

Qhuav ntawm pas nrig qab zib

Kab tsib yog lub feem ntau ancient ntawm cultivated nroj tsuag thiab cov tsuas yog ib qho uas lub qab zib nyob rau hauv teb chaws Africa, Oceania, Latin America thiab cov teb chaws Asia. Nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, qab zib los ntawm kab tsib ua xwb nyob rau hauv Portugal thiab Spain.

Qab Zib ntau lawm nyob rau hauv Russia hnub rov qab mus rau tus thawj ib nrab ntawm cov X VII xyoo pua, thaum St. Petersburg ua tau tus thawj Hoobkas rau zus tau tej cov qab zib. Nws yog tau los ntawm mas nyoos pas nrig qab zib.

Raws li kev lig kev cai, thiab niaj hnub no yuav luag tag nrho cov teb chaws nyob qhov twg qab zib pas nrig hlob, cov txheej txheem nws thiab tsim nyoos qab zib, tsis yog ib tug tiav lawm khoom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov piam thaj. Yeej, lub purity ntawm nyoos qab zib nce mus txog 98 feem pua. Nws xa khoom mus Russia thiab lwm lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm raw khoom uas twb tau qab zib.

Vim qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm tsob nroj ntaub so ntswg hauj txheej txheem kab tsib ho txawv ntawm cov ntau lawm ntawm qab zib beet.

Rau qab zib pas nrig los ntawm nws cov ntsug tus kav yog txiav ua ntej flowering. Nyob rau hauv lawv nyob rau hauv qhov point yog li 12 feem pua roj, thiab 21 feem pua qab zib thiab mus txog rau 73 feem pua ntawm cov dej, raws li zoo raws li cov ntsev thiab proteinaceous teeb meem.

Tom ntej no, txiav lub stems thiab nyem nrog hlau tib rab diav rawg squeezed lub kua txiv los ntawm lawv. Nws muaj txog 0.03 feem pua protein, 0.1 feem pua starch, 0,22 feem pua nitrogen muaj tshuaj, 0.29 feem pua ntawm cov ntsev (mas organic acids), 18,36 feem pua sucrose, 81 feem pua dej thiab me me feem pua ntawm cov uas muaj ntxhiab Cheebtsam, uas muab lub kua txiv ib tug tshwj xeeb tsis hnov tsw. Rau nkauj nraug cov nqaijrog ntxiv rau cov nqaij nyoos kua txiv svezhegashenoy txiv qaub thiab rhuab rau 70 degrees. Qhov no sib tov yog lim, ua raws li los ntawm evaporation tom qab zib crystallization.

Sucrose: daim ntawv thov

Sucrose (qab zib vulgare) yog monoclinic tsis muaj kob muaju, nkag soluble nyob rau hauv cov dej. Nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau nws yog nyob rau hauv beet thiab pas nrig, los ntawm uas nws yog ua los ntawm cov kev ua.

Sucrose yog siv ncaj qha raws li ib tug khoom noj khoom los yog raws li ib feem ntawm ntau yam confectionery khoom. Thaum END nws yog siv raws li ib tug preservative. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, sucrose yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj lag luam rau cov butanol, glycerol, dextran, ethanol thiab citric acid.

Tsis tas li ntawd sucrose yog heev tseem ceeb cov khoom raw nyob rau hauv tus kws kev lag luam rau cov medicinal npaj.

Nyob rau hauv xaus, kuv xav kom nco ntsoov hais tias nws yog qab zib pas nrig yog lub ntsiab raw khoom nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm sucrose. Nws tso nyiaj rau ob-feem-peb ntawm cov ua thoob ntiaj teb qab zib.