Cubism - dab tsi yog qhov no? Cubism nyob rau hauv kos duab. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov lus qhia thiab cov duab nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm Cubism

Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm Cubism belongs rau lub 1906-1907 xyoo. Nws tsim thiab originated no sib mas nyob rau hauv Fabkis (koj cov neeg sawv cev yog Picasso, H. G. Griss thiab sib yuav), raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv ib co lwm lub teb chaws.

Yuav ua li cas yog Cubism?

Wb sim teb lo lus nug no. Cubism - yog ib tug tshwj xeeb artistic zog, uas nws cov lus yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub deformation ntawm cov khoom, lawv decomposition rau hauv geometric dav hlau, hloov zoo.

Lub ntsiab lub tswv yim uas nws ua tau, muaj ib tug los mus qhia cov complexity, muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov uas lwm tus kev muaj tiag nrog rau qhov kev pab los ntawm tej yam yooj yim spatial qauv thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm phenomena thiab tej yam uas. Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm no sib tau hloov ntau yam ntawm tus tsim tej ntsiab cai thiab aesthetic tswv yim nyob rau hauv European painting. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cubism tsoo nrog "kho qhov muag realism", tso xwm raws li ib tug kwv ntawm kos duab, los ntawm lub foundations thiab chiaroscuro li cov tsuas txhais tau tias ntawm artistic qhia.

Pablo Picasso

Yuav kom qhov no kawg, cov neeg pleev thoob plaws nws cov hauj lwm tau raug tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ob peb lub yeej ib txhij. Picasso nyob rau hauv lem resorted mus rau ib tug kiag li opposite txoj kev uas yuav qhia lawv tus yam ntxwv.

Koj yuav nrhiav tau thiab cubist painting, bordering nyob abstractionism thiab realism nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm. Tej zaum, nyob rau hauv nws hu raws li nws tsiv kom deb ntawm cov tsoos classical fine arts, uas nws rov qab mus rau hauv txoj kev ntawm muaj tiag kos duab yog unthinkable. Txawm li cas los, cov artist tsim ib tug stunning portraits thiab tseem lifes nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm cubism. Lawv muaj tiag tej hauj lwm sau nyob rau hauv lub inimitable, ib tug neeg style. Tsoos artistic xov xwm, uas tau siv los ntawm tus sau, yog cov tshuaj uas niaj hnub muaj teeb meem. Ib qho ntawm thawj cov duab pleev xim rau hauv cov style ntawm cubism, ib tug painting "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon" los ntawm Pablo Picasso. Qhov no ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug txawv txawv grotesque: ntawm no yog xwm coarsened nuj nqis tsis muaj cov ntsiab ntawm cov chiaroscuro thiab foundations hais raws li ib tug ua ke ntawm decomposed tagnrho rau lub dav hlau.

yam ntxwv nta

Fabkis critic L. Vaucelles coined lub sij hawm "Cubist" nyob rau hauv 1908 raws li ib tug derisive lub npe ntxias depicting kev muaj tiag nrog rau qhov kev pab los ntawm kev geometric peb-dimensional shapes (lub tog raj kheej, lub khob hliav qab, lub voos xwmfab, kheej). Qhov no ua hauj lwm muaj ib tug kev sib tw rau cov sawv ntawm muaj tiag art. Paintings nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm cubism txawv attraction rau xim austerity, rau tangible, yooj yim cov ntaub ntawv thiab yooj yim motives (eg, cov tais diav, ib tsob ntoo los yog ib lub tsev). Feem ntau cov kom meej meej, qhov no feature nws ua nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv lub "Cezanne" lub sij hawm (1907-1909). Artist P. Cézanne qhia txog sustainability thiab lub hom phiaj lub ntiaj teb no; ncau tagnrho, uas nws siv raws li ib tug hloov lwm lub tsev lub cuab tam daim duab, tsim ib tug tsi ntawm nyem, thiab cov xim emit tej kev seevcev ntawm cov khoom nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ntxiv dag zog rau thiab shattering volume. Cov theem tom ntej ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Cubism - "analytical" (1910-1912). Cov kev kawm no yuav muab faib mus rau hauv me me qhov chaw, yooj yim separable los ntawm txhua lwm yam, thiab nws daim ntawv ciali mus kis rau cov canvas. Lub Xeem, Lub ib tug "hluavtaws" theem (1912-1914) yog xav paub ntau hniav, muaj yeeb yuj paintings yog planar panels, muaj ib co textural ntsiab - khoom lug, stickers (collages), hmoov ... Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tawm thiab cubist duab puab. Picasso thiab Braque paintings feem ntau muaj xws li tej tug tsiaj ntawv los yog lus. Cov inscriptions yog feem ntau tsis zoo ib yam nrog cov ntsiab lus, tab sis pab neeg tuaj saib to taub lub exhibition txog cov artist lub conception.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib

Cov neeg tuaj saib rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm lub Cubists kho nrog irony, tej zaum txawm endowing lawv unflattering epithets thiab jeers. Cov xovxwm luam hnyav thuam, los ntawm cov xwm tej zaum txoj kev rau pej xeem scandal. Viewers pom lawv tus kheej nyob rau ntawm ib exhibition ntawm Cubist paintings, muaj ncus uas yuav muab piv rau tib neeg tsis totaub, yuav mus rau ib tug zoo txawv tebchaws, tab sis es tsis txhob tau txais txoj kev caw los koom nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm tshiab txoj kev.

Qhov no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav qhia hais tias cov kev hloov mus rau cov cheeb tsam no yog sai tshwm sim, dua li ntawm qhov lub sij hawm ntev ntawm kev npaj, thaum lub sij hawm uas lub capital lub cov neeg tuaj saib yuav muaj broaden koj horizons considerably. Cuaj kaum, tus cubism, duab pleev xim rau hauv no style, xws li ib tug tej yam yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib thiab pom kev pab los ntawm neeg.

Cawv ntawm Cubism rau art

Qhov no sib tau pab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tswv yim kev xav. Cubism nyob rau hauv kos duab reflected cov tshiab tiam sis ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev seevcev thiab contradictions: lub pursuit ntawm democratization - tus nrog paub txog primitivism, cov rejection ntawm tus neeg, cov private chamber; txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv science - lub siab xav los ua ib tug "qauv sau ntawv ntawm cov kos duab," cov kev tshawb fawb rau cov hom phiaj txoj kev.

Niaj hnub no, txhua txhua tuaj leejtwg tog neeg, admiring tej hauj lwm ntawm Impressionist, kom meej meej distinguishes lub convention paub rau peb paj. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm ib tug zoo li tag nrho cov ciali hais tias Cubism - yog ib tug tiag tiag kiv puag ncig nyob rau hauv kos duab. Nws ntsuam muab kev taw qhia tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm painting Cheebtsam. Duab hom ntawv, xim thiab linear foundations, lub tagnrho yog zwj ceeb.

Cubism nyob rau hauv Russia

Nyob rau hauv lub era ua ntej lub rov tshwm sim ntawm Cubism, nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, raws li nyob rau hauv Fabkis, ib tug loj hlob txaus siab nyob rau hauv pej xeem cov, tsoos creativity. Thaum lub sij hawm no, tus tub hluas Lavxias teb sab yeeb twb yus tsis tsuas xav nyob rau hauv "txheej thaum ub" kos duab (xws li African), tab sis kuj longing rau lub inviolability ntawm cov nruj, architectural muaj pes tsawg leeg, raws li zoo raws li cov kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam qauv thiab atherosclerosis ically zauv yaam puab paub.

Nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm ntau Lavxias teb sab nyuab ntawm ib tug tej yam chaw yog Cubism (uas Chagall, Lentulov, Archipenko, Altman thiab lwm tus). Txawm li cas los, lub hauv paus daim duab no yeej Kazimir Malevich. Nws pedagogical kev ua si thiab creativity, raws li zoo raws li theoretical ua hauj lwm muaj ib tug yawm cawv rau tsim ntawm ib tug sib.

"Black Square"

Nws yuav zoo li uas tsis muaj dab tsi yooj yim dua mus kos ib tug dub square nyob rau hauv ib tug dawb keeb kwm yav dhau. Qhov no tej zaum yuav sawv cev rau, tej zaum, ib tug neeg twg. Tab sis ntawm no yog ib tug puzzle: no nto moo painting los ntawm Lavxias teb sab artist Malevich tseem attracts cov xim ntawm kev soj ntsuam thiab kos duab lovers, txawm hais tias nws tau tsim thaum pib ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Raws li ib yam dab tsi mysterious, raws li ib tug tswvyim hais ua dabneeg, raws li ib tug cim ntawm Lavxias teb sab avant-garde ...

Nws yog hais tias lub artist, muaj sau ntawv "Black Square", nws tsis to taub dab tsi nws tau ua, thiab rau ib ntev lub sij hawm yuav tsis tau noj los yog pw tsaug zog. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tsis yooj yim ua hauj lwm twb ua rau tus painting tuaj mus rau hauv qab. Tom qab tag nrho, thaum koj saib nws, ib tug keej yuav distinguishable qis khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg - ntsuab, liab, thaj, muaj ib tug tej yam xim muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis tus neeg sau xam tau tias yog nws ua tsis tau tejyam thiab sau dua nws ib tug dub square. Qhov no ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab tau couched nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm cubism. Malevich lub paintings twb muaj ntau haiv neeg, tab sis nws ntseeg hais tias nws yog "Black Square" yog lub pinnacle ntawm nws muaj tswv yim ua si.