Apollo thiab Daphne: tswvyim hais ua dabneeg thiab nws thiaj nyob rau hauv kos duab

Leej twg yog cov Apollo thiab Daphne? Tus thawj ntawm no khub peb paub raws li ib tug ntawm cov gods ntawm Olympus, tus tub ntawm Zeus, lub patron neeg dawb huv ntawm cov suab paj nruag thiab siab kos duab. Yuav ua li cas txog Daphne? Qhov no ua cim los ntawm ancient Greek mythology, muaj tsawg kawg yog ib tug siab tuaj. Nws txiv yog, raws li Ovid, Thessalian dej vajtswv Peney. Pausanias kuj hais tias nws tus ntxhais xib teg, kuj yog lub patron ntawm tus dej nyob rau hauv Arcadia. Ib leej niam ntawm Daphne yog tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm lub ntiaj teb Gaia. Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim rau lub Apollo thiab Daphne? Raws li qhov no tragic zaj dab neeg txog unquenched thiab tsis lees txais kev hlub yog qhia nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm painters thiab sculptors ntawm lub tom qab muaj hnub nyoog? Nyeem txog nws nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg ntawm Daphne thiab Leucippus

Nws tau crystallized nyob rau hauv lub Hellenistic lub sij hawm thiab muaj ob peb yam kev xaiv. Qhov tseem paub zaj dabneeg hu ua "Apollo thiab Daphne" yog piav los ntawm Ovid nyob rau hauv nws "Metamorphosis" ( "Transformations"). Cov tub hluas ntxhais nymph nyob thiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub auspices uas lub nkauj xwb vajtswv poj niam Artemis. Zoo li nws, Daphne kuj tau ib tug cog lus ntawm kev coj dawb huv. Nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog nws ib tug tuag - Leucippus. Yog xav tau nyob ze rau qhov kev zoo nkauj, nws donned poj niam attire thiab braided nws cov plaub hau nyob rau hauv braids. Nws deception twb qhia thaum Daphne nrog lwm cov menyuam ntxhais mus da dej nyob rau hauv lub Palm ntawm koj txhais tes. Raug mob poj niam noj Leucippus. Zoo, yog dab tsi lub Apollo? - Koj nug. Qhov no yog tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm keeb kwm. Tshav-tub Zeus, nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm tsuas yog me ntsis sympathetic rau Daphne. Tab sis txawm ces, cov wily vajtswv cuajkhaum. Tub txib raug Leucippus nrog kev pab los ntawm Apollo. Tab sis nws twb tseem tsis hlub ...

Lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg ntawm Apollo thiab Eros

Muaj ib hnub tus tub ntawm Zeus pib thuam tus vaj tswv los ntawm kev hlub. Hais tias, zoo li cas ntawm lub hwj chim tshaj cov neeg yog ib tug tub hluas nrog nws cov me nyuam txoj kev sub? Leej Tub tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm kev zoo nkauj Aphrodite (Loos - Venus) Eros twb tiag raug mob. Yuav kom qhia tau tias nws lub hwj chim ncua tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov neeg tab sis kuj mus rau lub Olympians, gods, nws tau muab nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm Apollo lub sub ntawm txoj kev hlub rau cov nymph Daphne. Thiab nyob rau hauv nws nws muab tso rau lub point ntawm antipathy, qias neeg. Nws yog kev hlub, vim tau ua hauj lwm. Yog hais tias tsis yog rau lub thib ob boom, Apollo thiab Daphne, yuav tau hu rau lub cheeb tsam. Tab sis aversion, ua ke nrog lub cog lus ntawm kev coj dawb huv ua nymph los qhia kam mus rau lub hnub-vajtswv. Tsis Siv rau xws li ib tug txais tos, hu ua Apollo pib chasing ib tug nymph, raws li piav los ntawm Ovid, zoo li ib tug tua tsiaj aub tom qab ib tug luav. Ces Daphne thov Vajtswv rau cov niam txiv, cov gods ntawm tus dej thiab lub teb chaws, hais tias lawv tau pab nws hloov nws tsos. Yog li ntawd zoo nkauj nymph muab rau hauv ib tug laurel tsob ntoo. Tsuas yog ib tug puv tes ntawm cov nplooj ntsuab nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov neeg tsim txom. Raws li ib tug token ntawm nws txoj kev hlub tso tseg Apollo yeej ib txwm ris ib tug laurel wreath. Cov evergreen ceg yog tam sim no lub cim ntawm triumph.

Cawv rau Art

Tswvyim hais ua dabneeg "Apollo thiab Daphne" Daim zajlus yog cov feem ntau nrov nyob rau hauv lub Hellenistic kab lis kev cai. Nws yeej nyob rau hauv cov verses ntawm Ovid Naso. Antica ntaus raws nraim transformation ntawm ib tug ntxhais zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis muaj tsawg zoo nkauj nroj tsuag. Ovid piav li cas disappears qab lub nplooj ntawm lub ntsej muag, kev sib tw uas ob lub mis hnav tawv, ob txhais tes upraised nyob rau hauv supplication, yog cov ceg, thiab frisky taw - cov hauv paus hniav. Tab sis, nws hais tias lub kws sau paj lug, lub zoo nkauj nyob. Nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm lig antiquity nymph feem ntau kuj portrayed nyob rau ntawm lub lub sij hawm ntawm nws hloov siab los ntseeg. Tsuas yog qee, xws li nyob rau hauv lub tsev Dioskurov (Pompei), mosaic nws yog overtaken los ntawm Apollo. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no era painters thiab sculptors tau illustrated cia li nqes los rau hauv xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv zaj dab neeg txog Ovid. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub Miniatures-illustrations nyob rau hauv lub "Metamorphoses" rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv European kos duab raws li cov zajlus ntawm "Apollo thiab Daphne". Cov painting depicts lub transformation ntawm ib tug ntxhais khiav nyob rau hauv Laurel.

Apollo thiab Daphne duab puab thiab painting nyob rau hauv European kos duab

Lub Renaissance yog li lub npe vim nws tau revived paj nyob rau hauv Antiquity. Pib los ntawm lub xyoo pua Kvadrochento (thib kaum tsib xyoo pua), lub nymph thiab cov Olympian vajtswv cia li tsis mus nrog tus paintings ntawm nto moo masters. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm Pollaiuolo (1470-1480). Nws "cov Apollo thiab Daphne" - painting ntawm Vajtswv nyob rau hauv ib tug ntse tsho, tab sis, nrog liab qab taw thiab ib tug nymph - nyob rau hauv ib tug ntws tiab nrog ntsuab ceg es tsis txhob ntawm cov ntiv tes. Cov npe no tau ua ntau nrov nyob rau hauv lub Baroque era. Txoj kev tsim txom ntawm Apollo, thiab cov transformation ntawm lub nymph xwm Bernini, L. Giordano, Giorgione, J .. Tiepolo, thiab txawm Yan Breygel. Kuv tsis zam no frivolous xai thiab Rubens. Nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj hnub nyoog ntawm rococo zaj dab neeg yog tsis muaj tsawg fashionable.

"Apollo thiab Daphne" los ntawm Bernini

Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ntseeg tias qhov no marble duab puab pab pawg neeg - lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug novice tswv. Txawm li cas los, thaum ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 1625 dai kom zoo nkauj ib tug Roman chaw nyob ntawm Cardinal Borghese, Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini tsuas yog nees nkaum-rau. Ob-daim duab muaj pes tsawg leeg yog heev compact. Apollo Daphne yuav luag ntes tau. Nymph yog tseem tag nrho ntawm lub zog, tab sis cov metamorphosis twb tiav: nyob rau hauv ntxuav cov plaub hau zoo nkaus li nplooj, velvety daim tawv nqaij yog them nrog daim tawv. Apollo, thiab tom qab nws, thiab tus tuav pom tias ntau lawm yog slipping. Master masterfully transforms marbles rau hauv no array. Thiab peb tab tom nrhiav rau ib lub sculptural pab pawg neeg ntawm "Apollo thiab Daphne" los ntawm Bernini, tsis nco qab hais tias ua ntej peb - ib tug pob tsuas. Nuj nqis li yas, thiaj li tsau li, no mas, zoo li lawv yog ua los ntawm cov huab cua. Cim tsis zoo li kov hauv av. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav nrhiav pov thawj hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm sab ntsuj plig tus neeg, Cardinal Barberini sau ntawv piav qhia: "Leej twg uas thov delight fleeting kev zoo nkauj, thiaj ua taus nrog nws ob txhais tes tag nrho ntawm iab berries thiab nplooj."