Cov npe ntawm cov hav zoov noog. Lub npe thiab hom ntawm cov noog. Noog Russia

Peb ntiaj chaw yog inhabited los ntawm ntau cov noog, nws lub npe yog tej zaum peb twb tsis tau hnov txog. Lawv yog qhov txhia chaw: nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov, toj siab, lub nras, nyob rau lub coasts thiab seas, txawm nyob rau hauv lub txias tundra. Qhov ntau haiv ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tsiaj hauv lub ntiaj teb yog zoo li ntawd hais tias, piv txwv li, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation ua tau raws li cov neeg sawv cev los ntawm ntau tshaj 400 hom, xws li tsis tau tsuas yog tswm, tab sis kuj noog, cov duab nrog cov npe uas yog ib qho yooj yim mus nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub atlas.

passerine

Interestingly, tshaj 50% ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov noog mus rau qhov kev txiav txim passerine, uas yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws hlaws (6 g), thiab qhov loj tshaj plaws - Raven (1.5 kg). Muaj plaub subspecies ntawm cov noog hu nkauj, polupevchie qw (tyrants) thiab shirokoklyuvye (boatbill). Tsis tau thiab painting noog, xws li ntoo, yog heev ntau haiv neeg, thiab cov hu nkauj thiab feem ntau impressive nrhiav caug. Lawv yog cov ua ntej mus txog ntawm tus xaiv noog ua zes nyob, thiab lawv hu nkauj xa mus rau lub chaw uas zoo heev thiab nyiam cov maum. Ib txhia hom, xws li starlings thiab jays, yog tau luam cov suab sib txawv ntawm cov noog thiab ib co ntawm cov lus ntawm peb cov lus. Qhov txhia chaw.

Ib txhia passerines thaum lub sij hawm ua zes swarms nyob, tiam sis feem ntau ntaub ntawv officers. Qhov chaw nhro cov txiv neej, thiab txawv subspecies xav rau qhov no hollow, tsob ntoo ceg, pob zeb, qhov nyob rau hauv lub hauv av, pob zeb thiab li ntawd. Tu tub tu kiv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog lub caij ntuj sov, tab sis, rau piv txwv, crossbill tsis ntshai txias heev, thiab yog hais tias txaus cov zaub mov (spruce thiab ntoo thuv cones ), nws zes, txawm nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj.

Tag nrho passerines deduce me nyuam qaib uas yug yuav luag them nrog lub teeb phom, lag ntseg thiab qhov muag tsis pom, tab sis heev ceev ceev zuj zus. Pub cov tub ntxhais thiab cov poj niam, thiab txiv neej. Thaum 10-15 hnub, nrog los ntawm cov niam txiv ntawm cov me nyuam ya lub zes; lub hom uas zes nyob rau hauv lub hollows, nws tshwm sim ib tug me ntsis tom qab - 20-25 hnub.

Cov npe ntawm cov noog uas yuav mus rau lub passerine, yeej ib txwm hnov lus: sparrow, chickadee, oriole, nqos, qab tej ceg ntoos, wagtail, oatmeal, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov loj yuav paub qhov txawv ib tug uab lag, Jay, cardinal. Ncauj tawm, Fieldfare.

Noog chaw ua si, lub vaj, meadows thiab teb

Unit noog passerine nyob teb thiab lub nroog chaw ua si, nyob rau hauv lub teb thiab meadows. Hav zoov thiab suab puam cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau ntawm me me luaj li cas, yog granivorous thiab insectivorous noog. Nws songbirds nrog luv luv ob txhais ceg uas zoo kawg nkaus yoog mus rau lub neej nyob rau hauv cov ntoo. Nyob rau hauv lub teb, mixed pem hav zoov, parkland thiab lub vaj, koj yuav pom cov noog, tej ceg ntoos, Rook, bullfinch, tus uab lag, nightingale, magpie, finch, jackdaw, thiab ntau lwm yam neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov kev txiav txim. Cov npe ntawm cov noog tau paub tias peb txij li thaum yau.

Muaj ntau tsev neeg tau remarkably yoog mus rau tej yam kev mob ntawm qhib qhov chaw nyob qhov twg muaj tsis muaj ntoo siab siab. Cov no muaj xws Skylark, oatmeal, Pheasant, partridge thiab lwm tus neeg. Patrol expanses ntawm teb nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm snakes thiab me me nas, Owls zoov, harriers, steppe eagles.

Tag nrho cov noog ntawm qhib qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej nruj heev heev rau cov ib puag ncig. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog cov zoo heev tsiv rau hauv av, tsis yog xwb nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov zaub mov, tab sis kuj yuav khiav los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, yuav luag tsis muaj siv tis. Lawv muaj coob tus muaj peev xwm ya, tab sis lawv muaj muaj zog ob txhais ceg nrog luv luv ntiv tes, uas muaj txhawb rau yoo mov khiav, thiab khawb rau hauv av. Yuav kom qhov no pab pawg neeg yuav noog Galliformes (grouse, Pheasant, grouse, guinea noog, Kraksi), ostriches thiab lwm tus neeg.

Hnub thiab hmo ntuj "ya" Txhom yog yus los haib tis thiab ntse claws uas yuav pab lawv mus plob hav zoov. Qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li tug niam txiv dav, dub kites, niam txiv dav, owls, tiaj nyom thiab cov CAD teb, thiab hais txog.

steppe noog

Lavxias teb sab steppe ncav us txog tag nrho cov kev los ntawm lub shores ntawm lub hiav txwv ntawm Azov thiab Dub hiav txwv mus rau lub Ural Toj siab, thiab nws yog ib yam uas nyob rau hauv xws qhib tej qhov chaw inhabited los ntawm ib tug ntau ntau yam ntawm cov noog. Steppe thiab suab puam noog hom thiab uas peb muab lub npe rau, yuam kom yuav ceev faj. Qhib qhov chaw yog tsis nplua nuj heev nyob rau hauv tsev, yog li tej zaum tsuas yog ib lub ceev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab lub davhlau yuav cawm tau cov noog ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.

Txij li thaum lub steppe thiab suab puam hom txav ib heev nyob rau hauv cov nyom nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov zaub mov, lawv ob txhais ceg txaus rau no txoj kev loj hlob. Sib nrug los ntawm partridges rau steppe noog yog :. Demoiselle, pob zeb curlew, me ntsis bustard, Sociable Lapwing, bustard, etc. Lawv skillfully muab zais rau hauv cov nyom vim "camouflage" xim cwjmem thiab yooj yim mus nrhiav zaub mov nyob rau hauv lub fertile steppe xau. Nroj tsuag thiab kab - ib tug staple khoom noj khoom haus, tab sis noog of prey duab nrog lub npe ntawm uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv tej phau ntawv nyeem, prey rau cov nab, qav thiab nas, uas yog ib tug ntau, thiab ua tsis saib tsis xyuas carrion. Ib txhia hom noog ua zes ncaj qha rau hauv av, thiab cov loj loj txhom - rau tus tsis tshua muaj ntoo nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw.

suab puam noog

Nyob rau hauv cov suab puam, tej noog me me, vim hais tias lawv tsis raug kev txom nyem nqhis dej. Nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm Russia Astrakhan cheeb tsam thiab Kalmykia sab hnub tuaj yog cov suab puam qhov chaw uas abound nyob rau hauv tej nroj tsuag thiab dej xwb nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Xav xis txaus nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob xav tau noog xws li qaib suab puam, bustard, warbler, steppe dav dawb hau. Nyob rau ciam teb chaw nyob ze dej yog ua zes pelicans, hais tsis tau lus kuab, ducks thiab egrets.

Tsis hais lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws flightless noog - African qaib ntxhw, uas muaj peev xwm hnyav ntau tshaj li 150 kg. Evolution tau noj tu nws, muab ib tug ntev lub caj dab rau ib tug zoo txheej txheem cej luam ntawm tus struts thiab cov haib ceg rau ceev ceev khiav thiab ntaus tus nrog sib ntaus thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus. Nyob ostriches ntau tsev; pub rau cov nroj tsuag, kab, lizards, nas, tab sis yuav khaws cov seem ntawm tus noj mov ua npua. Funny zaj dab neeg txog hais tias ostriches faus lawv cov taub hau nyob rau hauv cov xuab zeb - cia li ib tug dag, tab sis cov maum daug ntawm qhov pom ntawm txaus ntshai cia flattened rau hauv av, ua rau ua tsis muaj neeg pom. Vim hais tias ntawm lub tshav kub nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov suab puam noog yog active thaum hmo ntuj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no - nyob rau hauv lub yav tav su, thaum lub tshav kub.

hav zoov noog

Hav zoov Noog ua lawv nests nyob rau hauv cov ntoo thiab fab, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub hollows. Woody nroj tsuag yog rau lawv tsis tau tsuas yog vaj tse, tab sis ib tug qhov chaw ntawm khoom noj khoom haus ntau lawm. Yog li ntawd ob txhais ceg nyob rau hauv feem ntau hom cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas yog ib qho yooj yim mus tuav cov ceg. Cov hom nta yog cov ntev tails thiab sab tis zog kom sai hle, qeeb thiab excreting cunning maneuvers ntawm cov tuab ceg. Los ntawm hav zoov noog xws li feem ntau ntawm cov passerine, woodpeckers, owls thiab kurinoobraznyh.

Nyob rau hauv ntsug nce toj lub yeej ntawm cov noog claws ntse thiab nkhaus. Tej lub npe ntawm hav zoov noog nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm txoj kev ntawm lub zog (nuthatches). Yuav kom txhawb thiab tshuav nyiaj li cas pikas thiab woodpeckers siv tus Tsov tus tw, thiab chickadees, hmab nce thiab ib co lwm yam Pichugov, tau txais khoom noj khoom haus, yuav raug rho tawm los ntawm cov ceg nram qab no. Tsiaj qus txhom mus yos hav zoov nyob rau hauv lub davhlau, los yog sai ntog rau lawv prey.

Predatory noog ntawm lub hav zoov

Cov yam ntxwv nta ntawm lub nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj tom hav zoov txhom ntse hooked kaus ncauj thiab ntev claws rau muaj zog ob txhais ceg. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv muaj zoo lub zeem muag thiab lub rooj sib hais.

Ib txhia cov npe ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab noog teej tug mus rau hauv lub hav zoov npua: owls, los daus plas, plas, zib ntab buzzard, buzzard, goshawk thiab lwm tus neeg.

Keeb kwm ntawm cov npe ntawm cov noog

Cov npe ntawm cov noog yog tsis tau xaiv nyob random: yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm lawv presuppose lub hav zoov ntawm tej nta tshwj xeeb sau tseg los ntawm cov neeg. Piv txwv li, rau lub suab thiab hu nkauj style no yog cov npe ntawm cov cuckoo (cuckoo), chizhu (chi-chi), titmouse (xiav-hsin), Rook (GRA-GRA), thiab lub hoopoe, gulls, lapwings, thiab ntau lwm yam noog.

Rau cov yam ntxwv Plumage thiab cov noog tau txais Urals npe: Greenfinch, grouse, redstart (Jay), thiab xws li Pichugov li flytrap, zib ntab buzzard thiab Nutcracker qhia li cas txog lawv noj zaub mov zoo. Wagtail thiab vertigolovku yooj yim distinguished los ntawm tus cwj pwm, tab sis qhov chaw ntawm ib co ua zes noog cia nyiaj ua lag luam nyob rau hauv lawv lub npe: Nqos, Xuab zeb Martin burrows nyob rau hauv high ntug dej, thiab warbler muab zais nyob rau hauv lub tuab tej nroj tsuag ntawm lub pas dej.

Ib qho yooj yim yuav tsum nco ntsoov lub npe ntawm cov noog rau cov me nyuam yog hais tias lawv yog reminiscent ntawm cov suab tawm txim liab los ntawm, piv txwv li, thaum taug kev, zoo li ib tug heron. Nws mus taug kev maj mam raws cov hav iav av nkos, zoo li "Chapa" mas lifting ntev ob txhais ceg, thiab ib tug rustic lub suab hais lus hloov lub npe ntawm tus noog "Chaplya" nyob rau hauv lub heron. Los yog hais tias txuam, piv txwv li, nrog rau hauv cov daus mus los ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lub npe ntawm ib tug noog bullfinch.

Tab sis yos hav zoov uas paub dab tsi nws lub npe yog grouse: thaum nws tokuet, ces thiaj muab kev koom tes uas cia neeg lag ntseg thiab tsis hnov lub suab nrov txaus ntshai. Tab sis thaum pauses, puv tag nrho lub mus rau hauv tus account.

Los ntawm lub sij hawm lub npe yeej faib nyob rau hauv xws noog li cov finch thiab robin. Me hmab nce ya nyob rau hauv thiab ya tshaj plaws chilly, txias lub hlis, yog li ntawd lawv zoo npe hu ua, tab sis yog lawv txaus zog. Ib tug robin, uas feem ntau settles nyob rau hauv lub vaj nyob ze rau cov neeg, sonorous hu nkauj tau raws li thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj kaj ntug.

bullfinch

Quirky thiab Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm ntawm lub npe ntawm ib tug noog bullfinch, vim hais tias nws tuaj txog nyob rau hauv peb cheeb tsam rau lub caij ntuj no, nrog rau hauv cov daus, thiab nrog lub advent ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav yoov nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti coniferous hav zoov. Bullfinch tau yeej ib txwm tau txuam nrog lub xyoo tshiab, yog li cov duab krasnopuzogo me me adorn niaj hnub siv, dai Christmas cards thiab souvenirs.

Noog yuav mus rau lub tsev neeg ntawm hmab nce thiab nyob rau hauv packs, lossi hu rau txhua lwm yam xuav. Lub caij ntuj no tshwm sim txawm nyob rau hauv lub nroog tiaj ua si. Breeds nrog qhov pib ntawm tshav kub nyob rau hauv alpine thiab boreal forests ntawm Eurasia, lub Caucasus, lub Carpathians. Nws tau pub mov rau rau berries, noob, buds ntawm cov ntoo.

Waterfowl

Dej noog, cov duab, thiab nws lub npe yog npe hauv qab no - cov no yog cov noog uas yog tau ntab hauv dej. Lawv tsis muaj xws li hom uas tsuas pom nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov reservoirs. Vim qhov tshwj xeeb txoj kev ntawm lub neej lawv yog yus muaj los ntawm ntau nta: webbed ntiv tes, tuab Plumage thiab roj caj pas secretory, lubricating plaub.

Title Waterfowl precisely units yog muab los ntawm cov brightest neeg sawv cev :. Anseriformes, Pelecaniformes, gagaroobraznye, seagulls, pingvinoobraznye lwm yam khoom noj khoom haus yog ntses, shellfish, qav, algae, uas lawv muab tau los ntawm dhia rau hauv dej raws li cormorants thiab dives los yog twg xwb lub taub hau raws li kuab thiab os. Seagulls yuav ntses rau tus yoov, plunging mus rau hauv cov dej tsuas yog ib lub beak.

Waterfowl Russia

Thoob plaws nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation yog Waterfowl, cov duab thiab cov npe ntawm cov feem ntau ntawm cov uas yog me ntsis txog rau txhua leej txhua tus. Txawm tias feem ntau yog khiav :. os, us, kuab, etc. Qhov kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov pib active tsiv teb tsaws ntawm dej noog nyob rau hauv wintering qhov chaw. Los ntawm txoj kev, ib co mej zeej ntawm no pab pawg neeg siv feem ntau ntawm cov xyoo tam sim ntawd ntawm lub hiav txwv, rov qab mus ntug dej tsuas yog rau cov yug me nyuam thiab daug lawm (ib co os). Vaj tse yuav rightly yuav suav hais tias yog Sakhalin, lub Kuril Islands tuaj, Kamchatka, Crimea thiab lwm qhov chaw uas muaj ib qho kev nplua mais ntawm cov dej reservoirs.

Lavxias teb sab dej noog, nws lub npe yog ntev-tailed os thiab eider os, nyob rau hauv Yakutia thiab Chukotka nyob rau lub shores ntawm lub pas dej. Raws Volga zes: moorhen, liab-crested pochard, zoo crested grebe, grey gus, hais tsis tau lus os dej dawb, coot.

liab noog

Nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm cov noog tseem ceeb rau hauv liab noog, uas nws lub npe yog heev txawv, raws li zoo raws li kaj Plumage. Yog hais tias peb lentils, crossbill thiab bullfinches cov xim nyob rau hauv no xim, flamingo, Tanagra, Virginian Cardinal, yav qab teb Liab Npis Sov, ibis - yuav luag nkaus liab. Feem ntau ntawm cov noog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws sov hav zoov nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm America, Hawaii thiab lwm yam Islands tuaj, Australia thiab teb chaws Africa. Xa mus rau lub passerine, ploceidae, phoenicopteriformes, Ciconiiformes thiab lwm hom.

Nthuav nta ntawm cov noog

Txawv tsiaj ntawm cov noog, saum toj no tag nrho, txawv cev loj, luaj li lub kaus ncauj, Plumage xim thiab tej vaj tse. Tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib qho nyuaj rau piav qhia txog luv luv vim li cas kov on cia li ob peb tug. Interestingly, lub kaus ncauj ntawm txhua noog yog tsim nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj hais tias nws yuav yooj yim tsim lawv tus kheej cov khoom noj. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, kev sib cais tshwm sim morphological adaptation noog kaus ncauj daim ntawv mus rau hauv 14 pawg, cov uas: omnivores, fishermen, carnivorous, cutwater, tshuab txiav nroj pub noob ntawm conifers, kua paj ntoo los yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tsuag, thiab lwm yam Carnivores.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev soj, nws tau pom hais tias ib co noog muaj ib tug zoo kawg li kev txawj ntse thiab ingenuity. Yog li ntawd, seagulls thiab crows nrhiav shellfish los yog ceev, txhawb nqa nws mus rau hauv cov huab cua thiab ces muab pov tseg rau hauv av mus ua txhaum li, rov qab ua dua no manipulation ob peb lub sij hawm. Ib tug butorides nyiam ntses kab nuv ntses ntuav mus rau hauv cov dej nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ceg los yog nplooj. Parrots, jays thiab rooks amenable mus kawm tib neeg hais lus, thiab Dyatlov lus siv ib tug nyias wand tuaj tos qhib ib tug keej nyob rau hauv cov tawv ntoo ntawm ib tsob ntoo thiab kos tawm kab.

Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov noog nyob rau hauv qhov thiab rau tus txiv neej

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov noog nyob rau hauv cov xwm tsis yooj yim sua rau ploj zuj zus mus: interacting thiab cov tsiaj, lawv tsim txoj kev sib raug zoo conducive mus ntuj xaiv. Noog pab kis noob, thiab ib co hom ntoo khaub lig-pollinated flowering nroj tsuag.

Noog of prey kom nas nce tshuav nyiaj li cas. Thiab ua tsaug Pichugov insectivores, noj cov kab lia thiab kab ntawm ntau haiv neeg fwm, nrog rau cov tsiaj nyeg, uas yog heev pab rau cov tib neeg. Nws yog yog li ntawd txais tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm kev ntsuas rau kev txuag ntawm ntau hom ntawm cov noog, raws li zoo raws li cov xwm reserves yog tsim.