Biography Leskov, Lavxias teb sab kws uas sau puv 19 xyoo pua

Nikolay Semenovich Leskov (1831-1895 gg.) - ib tug zoo Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv, sau ntawm cov immortal zaj dab neeg txog Lefty thiab ntau lwm tej hauj lwm muaj nyob rau hauv lub Golden Fund ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Leskov tus yau thiab hluas dhau nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm cov txheeb ze, tsaws gentry. Cov txiv yog nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub, thiab koom nyob rau hauv ib tug criminal tshawb nrhiav, ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg tau tsis yuav. Thaum nws yog lub sij hawm mus so num lawm, Leskov txiv tsis muaj kev khuv xim tshuav leej twg hlub ua hauj lwm thiab yuav ib tug me me ua liaj ua teb Panino nyob rau hauv lub Oryol xeev. Nws yog ces hais tias tau txais nws pib biography txawj sau ntawv Leskov, complex thiab contradictory. Nyob rau hauv lub tuab backwoods farmhouse settlements loj hlob Nikolai Leskov tau ntsib nrog Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg txoj kev ntawm lub neej, lapotnym thiab tshaib plab.

Maturing Nikolaya Leskova

Nikolai Leskov, uas nws biography yog ib tug paub piav qhia txog ntawm nws thaum ntxov xyoo, nws kawm nyob rau tom lub chav ntawm kaum, thiab tej zaum nws yuav tsum tau kom tau ib tug dlej kev kawm ntawv, tab sis mam li nco dheev nws txiv tau tuag lawm. Mus rau saum nws tag nrho cov muaj yog ib tug hluav taws nyob rau lub teb sai, lub tsev hlawv pov tseg thiab nrog nws tag nrho lub vaj tse. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav sov ua licas ua xaus raws li thiab txhawb cov mus taus mob leej niam, ib tug tub hluas tuaj koom lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Justice ntawm cov Oryol xeev, qhov uas nws ib zaug ua hauj lwm raws li nws txiv. Nws cov dej num muaj chaw ua hauj lwm tswj, thiab ua tsaug rau lub ntuj soj Nikolai Leskov tau sau nws kim heev cov ntaub ntawv uas, uas yog tom qab siv los sau nws novels, novellas thiab dab neeg luv luv. Leskov biography rau cov nplooj ntawv qhia rau tag nrho cov sij hawm ntawm nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub judiciary.

Nyob rau hauv 1849, ib tug hluas Leskov poob nthav tau txais kev pab los ntawm nws niam tus tij laug, tus Kiev paub txog S. Alferevo. Thaum qhov kev thov ntawm lub eminent txheeb ze, nws twb pauv mus rau Kiev thiab pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub nroog tsoom fwv chaw ua hauj lwm kws khaws ntaub yooj yim. Nws nyob nrog nws tus txiv ntxawm, uas yog ib tug muaj koob kho mob tshwj xeeb nyob thoob plaws hauv Kiev cheeb tsam. Lub tsev yog lossi mus cov qab zib ntawm Kyiv professors, thiab tsis tsuas yog kho mob. Vim tshiab acquaintances biography Leskov sai sai Iwj nthuav cov nplooj ntawv. Nws tham rau educated neeg, zoo li ib tug li ntaub nqus dej soaking tau cov lus qhia, uas rau nws zoo siab hlo muab qhia. Lub neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv los ua cuab kav nrog ua hauj lwm ntawm cov poj Taras Shevchenko Kiev imbued nrog kab lis kev cai, kuv tau pib kawm cov architecture ntawm lub ancient nroog.

Nyob rau hauv 1857, Nikolai Leskov tshuav breech kev pab thiab tau txais mus rau hauv lub tuam txhab ntawm resettlement ntawm neeg pluag tsev neeg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tshiab. Lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog ib qho nyuaj, yuav tsum tau mus hla loj heev Russia rau resettlement neeg. Khoom rau yav tom ntej tej hauj lwm Leskov txog nws tus kheej. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1860, Leskov biography Iwj nrog ib tug tshiab page, nws ua ib tug txawj sau ntawv. Thaum pib ntawm 1861, ib tug hluas txawj sau ntawv tau tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg, txiav txim mus devote nws tus kheej mus ua tub xovxwm. Tus thawj cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv "Sau ntawv ntawm lub Fatherland". Leskov ces muab tso rau hauv sau ib ob peb zaj dabneeg luv luv thiab novels, cov uas yog cov "poj niam Macbeth ntawm lub Mtsensk District", "Neeg siab tsis ncaj", "Lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg pluag poj niam".

Journalistic ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws Nikolai Leskov thiab nws tom qab tej hauj lwm

Nyob rau hauv 1862, Leskov coj ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub almanac "Northern Bee" rau tus ncej ntawm correspondent. Tu siab, ib tug nyuag Phau ntawv sau txog Leskov tsis muaj tag nrho cov ntawm nws ua tau nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm journalism. Raws li ib tug reporter, nws tau mus xyuas ob peb lub European lub teb chaws, nrog rau cov Czech koom pheej thiab teb chaws Poland. Raws li Nikolai Leskov xyuas Paris. Hlis-ntev mus txawv tebchaws los cov teb chaws Europe yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub novels "bypassed" thiab "nyob rau hauv loggerheads". Lub cuab ntxhiab ntawm cov hauj lwm yog raws li nyob rau hauv qhov yuav muaj tseeb ntawm revolutionary Democrats thiab hauj sim tis ntawm cov powers uas yuav tsum tau.

Ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov txawj sau ntawv coj tus tshiab "ntawm loggerheads", luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1870, tom qab heev heev koos thiab alterations. Leskov nws tus kheej hais txog tus tshiab raws li qhov phem tshaj ntawm nws tej hauj lwm. Ntau tom qab, nyob rau hauv 1881, nws tau luam tawm tus tshiab "Tus taleas ntawm Tula oblique Lefty thiab ib tug steel dev mub," tom qab tau nyiaj dhau los ntau tshooj. Tom qab "Lefty" cov txawj sau ntawv pib gravitate mus rau journalism, satire thiab tsis hlub leejtwg li. Nws ua hauj lwm "Lub caij ntuj no hnub" thiab "paddock" Leskov piav raws li cynical, tab sis nws tsis sau dua tshiab. Ib tug ntawm cov tom qab novels Nikolaya Leskova - "dab ntxwg nyoog menyuam roj hmab" - thiab tag nrho tau raug txwv los ntawm lub censor. Cov tib txoj hmoo befell tus tshiab "luav remise". Qhov kawg ntawm tus 80s yog ib tug txawj sau ntawv rau ib tug nyuaj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws noj qab haus huv sai qub, Leskov qhib mob hawb pob, thiab nyob rau hauv 1895 nws tuag.