Laurentian Chronicle - ib tug tseem ceeb keeb kwm qhov chaw

Thaum kawg ntawm lub kaum plaub - thaum pib ntawm lub thib kaum tsib xyoo pua rau tam sim no-hnub Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm yog tsim sai heev. Lub sij hawm no hnub tim heev heev arches, compilers uas yog brightest personalities ntawm lub sij hawm. Tus sau phau ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg, txhais thiab edited uas twb muaj lawm cov ntaub ntawv, ua rau koj hloov thiab cov tswv yim.

Los ntawm kev lig kev cai, txhua tus tshiab phau ntawv nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov annals ntawm cov nqe lus muaj nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm Kievan Rus. sau phau ntawv feem ntau xa mus rau lub "taleas ntawm bygone Xyoo" thiab tau hais tej nqe vaj lug kub los ntawm nws. Yog li ntawd, muaj ib txheej tshiab ntawm txuas ntxiv uninterrupted saw ntawm cov dab neeg hais txog lub zos Lavxias teb sab niam. Chroniclers muab lawv xim tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov golden-domed Kiev thiab lwm yam loj lub zos ntawm Suzdal, Ryazan, Novgorod, Moscow, Vladimir.

Ib qho tseem ceeb daim ntawv uas captures lub neej ntawm lub ancient ntiaj teb no, yog lub Laurentian Chronicle. Nws yog hu ua tom qab Lawrence, ib tug hauj sam, uas, nrog rau nws cov pab sau nws nyob rau hauv 1377. Qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm yog xav tau ib tug txheej ntawm Suzdal-Nizhny Novgorod nqi zog, raws li paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm lub inscription rau cov nplooj ntawv ntawm keeb kwm. Yog li, tus thawj Lavxias teb sab chronicle yog ib daim qauv ntawm yav tas los poob ib tug txheej thiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov txheej xwm ua ntej 1305.

Laurentian Chronicle pib nrog cov lus "Tus taleas ntawm bygone Xyoo", uas extols lub greatness ntawm Russia. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm "Kev qhia" Kiev tub huabtais Vladimir Monomakh, uas yog nto moo rau nws txawj ntse thiab prudence. Nws hu rau compatriots kom tsis txhob tus tub huabtais quarrels, tsis nco qab chim thiab sawv ua ke rau hauv txoj cai ua. Tom ntej no Laurentian Chronicle sadly qhia txog lub zog tawm tsam ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab cov neeg tawm tsam cov Mongol-Tatars, ib tug mob tuag ntawm nws princes, thiab cov heroism ntawm zoo tib yam neeg.

Qhov no chronicle twb sau nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm lub nco sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kulikovo. Nws yog li ntawd muaj cov dee ntawm cov neeg ntawm lub yeej tshaj qhov invaders, hu rau kev sib sau. Nruab nrab ntawm kab muaj lub aggravation ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov Golden Horde thiab Moscow. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav xyuam xim hais tias qhov no ua hauj lwm twb npaj mus tsa tus patriotic ntsuj plig ntawm cov neeg.

Laurentian Chronicle nruab nrab yog cov feem ntau ancient Lavxias teb sab memo sau ntawv. Lub hnub teev tseg los ntawm tus neeg sau - nyob rau hauv 1377 nyob rau hauv ancient daim ntawv qhia hnub, 6885 yog xam raws li los ntawm cov creation ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Rau feem ntau feem, nws thim tej yam nyob rau hauv lub camp ntawm Vladimir-Suzdal 1164-1304 lub sij hawm. Tab sis kuj nws muaj xov xwm ntawm lub principalities ntawm lub yav qab teb lub teb chaws.

Laus chronicle yeej ib txwm nyiam cov xim ntawm historians, kab lis kev cai ua hauj lwm thiab lwm yam zaum yog leej twg xav nyob rau hauv antiquity. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus thawj qhov chaw yog tsis muaj cov pej xeem - nws yog ua tib zoo fwm nyob rau hauv cov archives ntawm lub National Library ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Ua tib zoo rov qab los parchment coj tawm ob peb zaug ib xyoos mus xyuas thiab ntsuam xyuas.

Tsis li ntawd, ntev dhau los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub thawj tswj tsev qiv ntawv ntawm lawv. Boris Yeltsin muab ib cov scan ntawm lub keeb kwm, yog li ntawd txhua leej txhua tus yuav saib tau qhov no tseem ceeb heev keeb kwm ntaub ntawv. Txhua tus neeg muaj peev xwm tsuas sim mus nyeem cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub qub Slavonic lus, tab sis kuj mus ntsib nrog nws txheem ntawm qhov tam sim no Lavxias teb sab lub suab hais lus.