Biography Dalya Vladimira Ivanovicha: interesting tseeb thiab cov duab

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal, uas nws biography yuav tau piav nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, yog ib tug Lavxias teb sab kawm thiab txawj sau ntawv. Muaj ib tug coj tswv cuab ntawm lub Physics thiab Lej Department ntawm lub St. Petersburg Academy ntawm Sciences. Nws yog ib tug ntawm 12 founders ntawm Lavxias teb sab thaj Society. Kuv paub tsawg kawg yog 12 haiv lus, nrog rau ob peb Turkic. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub npe hu coj tso ua ke "Explanatory Lus Txhais ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus".

tsev neeg

Vladimir Dal, uas nws biography yog zoo dua lub npe hu mus rau tag nrho cov kiv cua ntawm nws ua hauj lwm, tau yug los nyob rau hauv 1801 nyob rau hauv dab tsi yog tam sim no Lugansk (Ukraine).

Nws txiv yog ib tug Dane thiab ib tug Lavxias teb sab lub npe Ivan coj nrog Lavxias teb sab pej xeem nyob rau hauv 1799. Ivan Matveevich Dal paub Fabkis, Greek, English, Yiddish, Hebrew, Latin, thiab German, yog ib tug kws kho mob thiab theologian. Nws cov lus muaj peev xwm thiaj li siab hais tias nws tau raug caw los ntawm Catherine II Vinogradov rau St. Petersburg mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub cov tsev qiv ntawv. Tom qab ntawd, nws mus rau jenÅ rau kawm kom tau ib tug kws kho mob, ces nws rov qab mus rau Russia thiab tau txais ib daim ntawv tso cai kho mob.

Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg Vinogradov sib yuav Mary Freitag. Lawv muaj 4 tug tub hluas:

• Vladimir (b. 1801).
• Karl (b. 1802). Tag nrho nws lub neej nws tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv lub Navy, twb tsis muaj cov me nyuam. Faus rau hauv Nikolaev (Ukraine).
• Paul (b. 1805). Mob nrog tuberculosis, thiab vim hais tias ntawm cov neeg pluag noj qab haus huv ntawm nyob nrog nws niam nyob rau hauv ltalis. Nws twb tsis muaj cov me nyuam. Nws tuag tub ntxhais hluas thiab raug faus nyob rau hauv lub nroog Loos.
• Leo (xyoo ntawm yug me nyuam tsis paub hais tias). Nws raug tua los ntawm Polish insurgents.

Maria Dahl paub 5 hom lus. Nws niam yog ib tug xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm ib tug laus neeg ntawm Fabkis Huguenots thiab kawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nws txhais mus rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tej hauj lwm ntawm A. V. Ifflanda thiab S. Gessner. Yawg Marii Dal - official pawnshop, ib tug collegiate neeg ntsuam xyuas. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog nws yuam cov txiv rau yav tom ntej txawj sau ntawv kom tau txais cov kev kho mob profession, xav tias nws yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau muaj txiaj ntsim.

Kawm

Thawj hom kev kawm Vladimir Dal, ib tug luv luv biography uas yog nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, nyob hauv tsev. Cov niam txiv txij li thaum yau instilled nyob rau hauv nws ib tug hlub ntawm kev nyeem ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv 13 lub xyoos, Vladimir, ua ke nrog nws tus kwv nkag mus hauv lub St. Petersburg Cadet Corps. Muaj lawv tau qhia 5 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv 1819, Dahl kawm tiav nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm midshipman. Hais txog txoj kev kawm thiab cov kev pab nyob rau hauv lub Navy, nws sau 20 xyoo tom qab nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg "Ensign kisses, zoo kev loj hlob, los yog saib tom qab."

Tom qab ua hauj lwm hauv lub Navy kom txog rau thaum 1826, Vladimir nkag mus hauv lub Medical kws qhia ntawv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Dorpat. Nws khwv tau nws nyob los ntawm kev muab ib zaj lus qhia rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Vim tsis muaj nyiaj, nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub nthab txee dai khaub ncaws. Ob xyoos tom qab, Dalia cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv kazonnokoshtnye cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Raws li nws sau nws ib tug biographers, "Vladimir raus nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv nws cov kev tshawb fawb." Nyob rau hauv kev, nws leaned nyob rau Latin lus. Thiab rau nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub philosophy ntawm nws txawm muab tsub ib tug silver puav pheej.

Yuav kom cuam tshuam nws kev tshawb fawb tau nrog pib ntawm Lavxias teb sab-Turkish tsov rog nyob rau hauv 1828. Lub Transdanubian cheeb tsam ntawm tus neeg mob plague kab mob nce, thiab lub strengthening ntawm cov tub rog kev pab kho mob uas yuav tsum tau. Vladimir Dal, ib tug luv luv biography uas yog lub npe hu txawm mus rau txawv teb chaws sau ntawv, prematurely dhau cov tub ntxhais rau tus kws phais. Nws dissertation twb hu ua "Nyob rau kev vam meej txoj kev craniotomy thiab lub zais ulceration ntawm ob lub raum."

kev kho mob ua si

Thaum lub sij hawm lub battles ntawm lub Polish thiab Lavxias teb sab-Turkish tuam txhab Vladimir nws muaj pov thawj nws tus kheej ib tug ci ntsa iab tub rog kws kho mob. Nyob rau hauv 1832, nws tuaj koom raws li ib tug intern ntawm St. Petersburg lub tsev kho mob thiab tsis ntev los ua zoo paub thiab hwm nyob rau hauv lub nroog tus kws kho mob.

PI Melnikov (Dahl biographer) sau tias: "Tsiv deb ntawm phais xyaum, Vladimir Ivanovich tsis tawm cov tshuaj. Nws pom ib tug tshiab yees - homeopathy thiab Ophthalmology. "

cov tub rog kev ua ub no

Biography Dahl, ib txoj kev uas qhia tau hais tias Vladimir yeej ib txwm mus txog rau nws cov hom phiaj, qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv thaum cov kws ntawv pov thawj nws tus kheej raws li ib tug tub rog. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1831 nyob rau hla ntawm General Ridiger thoob plaws lub Vistula dej (Polish lub tuam txhab). Dahl pab tsim ib tug choj dua nws, tiv thaiv nws, thiab tom qab hla - puas lawm. Rau uas tsis yog-kev ua tau zoo ntawm ncaj qha kev kho mob hauj lwm Vladimir Ivanovich tau txais ib lus txwv los ntawm nws superiors. Tab sis tom qab ntawd tus huab tais tus kheej muab tsub lub Vladimir hla ethnographer neej yav tom ntej.

Tus thawj kauj ruam nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv

Dahl, ib tug luv luv biography uas twb paub zoo tias mus nws xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, tau pib nws txawj hauj lwm nrog ib tug scandal. Nws muaj ib tug epigram rau Craig - Commander ntawm lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet thiab Yuliyu Kulchinskuyu - nws heev-txoj cai tus poj niam. Thaum lub sij hawm uas Vladimir Ivanovich twb puas tau raug ntes nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 1823 rau 9 lub hlis. Tom qab lub acquittal ntawm lub tsev hais plaub, nws tsiv los ntawm Nikolaev rau Kronstadt.

Nyob rau hauv 1827 Dahl luam tawm nws thawj zaj paj huam nyob rau hauv lub "Slav" magazine. Thiab nyob rau hauv thaum xyoo 1830 nws qhib raws li ib tug txawj sau ntawv nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg "Gypsy", luam tawm nyob rau hauv "Moscow ntaus xov tooj". Tu siab, nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm nws yog tsis yooj yim sua qhia nyob rau hauv kom meej txog qhov no zoo kawg nkaus yam khoom. Yog hais tias koj xav tau cov lus qhia ntxiv, koj muaj peev xwm xa mus rau lub thematic encyclopedias. Xyuas ntawm lub tshiab tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv "Dal Vladimir: A Biography." Cov me nyuam txawj sau ntawv kuj tso ua ke ob peb phau ntawv. Qhov loj tshaj kev vam meej enjoyed "thawj pervinka" thiab "Pervinka lwm yam."

Recognition thiab thib ob raug ntes

Raws li cov kws ntawv Vladimir Dal, uas nws biography yog zoo paub rau tag nrho cov me nyuam kawm ntawv, ua nto moo los ntawm phau ntawv "Lavxias teb sab fairy tales", luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1832. Rector ntawm Dorpat lub koom haum caw nws tus qub tub ntxhais kawm ntawv hauv lub Department ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Phau Ntawv Vladimir coj raws li ib tug tswv yim sib cav rau ib tug doctorate nyob rau hauv philosophy. Tam sim no txhua leej txhua tus paub hais tias Dahl - txawj sau ntawv, Biography uas yog emulated. Tab sis muaj kev puas tsuaj ntaus. Lub chaw ua hauj lwm no tso tseg los ntawm tus Minister ntawm kev kawm ntawv raws li unreliable. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog cov nom denunciation Mordvinova.

Dahl biography qhia txog qhov no tshwm sim txij li thaum. Qhov kawg ntawm 1832, Vladimir Ivanovich ua circumvention ntawm lub tsev kho mob nyob rau hauv uas nws ua hauj lwm. Cov neeg tuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov, puas tau raug ntes rau nws thiab coj nws mus rau Mordvinov. Nws ntaus tus kws kho mob nrog hais lus phem phem, waving nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws lub qhov ntswg, "Lavxias teb sab fairy tales", thiab cov kws ntawv xa mus rau tsev lojcuj. Vladimir pab Zhukovsky, uas nyob rau lub sij hawm yog tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm Alexander - tus tub ntawm Nicholas I. Zhukovsky piav txog tus txais mus rau lub zwm txwv ntawm tag nrho tej uas tau tshwm sim, nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm lub anecdotal, piav txog Dahl li txo hwj chim thiab feemxyuam txiv neej, muab medals thiab kev txiav txim ntawm cov tub rog kev pab cuam. Alexander ntxias kom nws txiv mus rau lub absurdity ntawm qhov teeb meem no thiab Vladimir Ivanovich tso.

Friendship nrog Pushkin

Tej luam tawm Phau ntawv sau txog Dahl muaj lub sij hawm kawm zoo kws sau paj lug. Zhukovsky pheej cog lus tseg rau Vladimir uas yuav qhia nws rau Pushkin. Dahl yog nkees ntawm tos thiab coj cov tsab ntawv ntawm lub "Lavxias teb sab fairy tales" uas tau raug rho tawm los ntawm kev, xa mus rau Aleksandru Sergeevichu mus rau lawv tus kheej. Pushkin, nyob rau hauv teb, dhau lawm, muab Vladimir Ivanovich phau ntawv - "Lub taleas ntawm lub Pov Thawj thiab Nws Workman Balda". Yog li pib lawv friendship.

Qhov kawg ntawm 1836, Vladimir Ivanovich tuaj txog nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Pushkin mus xyuas nws ob peb zaug thiab nug txog cov lus tshawb pom. Poet heev npaum li cas tau hnov los ntawm Dahl lo lus "vypolzina". Nws meant cov ntaus, uas yog pib dua tom qab wintering nab thiab garter nab. Thaum lub sij hawm tom ntej no mus xyuas ntawm Alexander Dahl nug hais tias, taw tes rau nws lub tsho tiv no: "Zoo, yog hais tias kuv zoo vypolzina? Kuv tsis tawm ntawm nws sai sai no nkag. Kuv yuav sau ntawv mus rau nws masterpieces "Qhov no lub tsho tiv no yog nyob rau hauv ib tug duel. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis mus ua ruaj kev txom nyem ntawm lub kev txhab kws sau paj lug, "vypolzinu" muaj otporot. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov no cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog txawm lub biography ntawm Dahl cov me nyuam.

Vladimir yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev kho ib tug neeg tuag taus mob ntawm Alexander, txawm hais tias cov txheeb ze ntawm cov kws sau paj lug tsis caw Dalia. Tej hau kev kawm hais tias ib tug phem heev raug mob, nws tuaj mus rau nws tus kheej. Pushkin twb ncig los ntawm ib tug ob peb noble kws kho mob. Sib nrug los ntawm Ivana Spasskogo (tsev neeg tus kws kho mob Pushkin) thiab lub tsev hais plaub tus kws kho mob Nikolaya Arendta kawm peb ntau tshwj xeeb. Alexander Dahl kaj siab lug greeted thiab pleadingly nug hais tias, "Qhia rau kuv qhov tseeb, kuv yuav mus tuag sai," Vladimir hais tias tso, "Peb cia siab hais tias txhua yam yuav zoo thiab koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tag kev cia siab." Cov kws sau paj lug tuav nws tes thiab ua nws tsaug.

Ua nyob rau hauv kev tuag ntawm Pushkin muab Dahl ib tug kub nplhaib nrog ib tug kab tho, hais tias: "Vladimir, coj ib tug souvenir." Thiab thaum cov txawj sau ntawv tuav nws lub taub hau, Alexander rov: "Coj nws, kuv tus phooj ywg, kuv tsis tau destined rau sau." Tom qab, Dahl sau txog lub txiaj ntsim no V. Odoyevskiy "Yuav ua li cas saib qhov no nplhaib, li ntawd, cia li xav mus tsim ib yam dab tsi tsim nyog." Dahl mus xyuas tus poj ntsuam ntawm lub paj huam nrog rau qhov aim rov qab rau cov khoom plig. Tab sis Natalia tsis kam txais nws, hais tias, "Tsis muaj, Vladimir, tias koj raws li ib tug souvenir. Thiab tsis tau, Kuv xav kom koj muab nws ib lub mos txwv nkaug nws lub tsho tiv no. " Nws yog ib tug lub tsho tiv no-vypolzina piav saum toj no.

sib yuav

Nyob rau hauv Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1833, Dahl biography cim los ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb tshwm sim: nws coj mus tus poj niam Yuliyu Andre. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tus kheej paub Pushkin nws tus kheej. Lawv impressions ntawm paub nrog cov kws sau paj lug Julius tso nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv kom E. Voronina. Vladimir thiab nws tus poj niam tau tsiv mus rau Orenburg, qhov twg lawv yug los ob tug me nyuam. Nyob rau hauv 1834, ib tug tub, Leo, thiab tom qab 4 xyoo - tus ntxhais Julia. Thaum lub Dahl tsev neeg kis tus tub ceev xwm rau kev tshwj xeeb cov lus qhia nyob rau xeev VA Perovsky.

Poj ntsuam, Vladimir sib yuav dua nyob rau hauv 1840 rau Ekaterina Sokolova. Nws muab yug mus rau tus kws uas sau peb cov ntxhais: Maria, Olga thiab Catherine. Xeem kuv sau puas ntawm nws txiv, uas tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub "Lavxias teb sab Gazette" magazine nyob rau hauv 1878.

naturalist

Nyob rau hauv 1838, rau tus sau los ntawm collections ntawm fauna thiab muaj ntawm lub Orenburg ntug Dahl twb raug xaiv ib tug coj tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy ntawm Sciences ntawm lub Department of Natural Sciences.

explanatory phau ntawv txhais lus

Neeg twg uas paub cov biography ntawm Dahl, paub txog lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm tus kws - "phau ntawv txhais lus". Thaum nws sau thiab ua ntej daim ntawv "P", Vladimir Ivanovich xav mus so num lawm thiab mloog zoo siab rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws brainchild. Nyob rau hauv 1859, Dahl tsiv mus rau Moscow thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm tub huabtais Shcherbaty, uas tau sau "Keeb kwm ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab xeev." Nyob rau hauv lub tsev no peb twb theem kawg ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv txhais, uas yog tseem unsurpassed los ntawm volume.

Dahl muaj cov hauj lwm, uas yuav tsum tau qhia nyob rau hauv ob quotations: "Cov neeg uas nyob lus yuav tsum tau ua ib tug tso nyiaj thiab ib qhov chaw rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm literate Lavxias teb sab kev hais lus"; "Common txhais cov ntsiab lus, kev kawm thiab cov lus - yog impracticable thiab puas tshaj plaws." Thiab qhov kev kawm ntawm cov uas niaj hnub thiab yooj yim, li ntawd, nws yog ib lo qhia. Piav thiab xa lus mus rau lwm tus neeg ntau npaum li cas intelligible tej txhais. Thiab cov qauv no yuav pab qhia ntxiv qhov teeb meem ntxiv lawm. "

Yuav kom ua tau no kuj zoo kawg hom phiaj linguist Dahl, uas nws biography yog nyob rau hauv ntau zajlus encyclopedias, siv '53. Hais tias yog dab tsi ib tug phau ntawv txhais lus Kotlyarevsky sau tias: "Literature, Lavxias teb sab science thiab tag nrho cov haiv neeg tau txais ib tug monument tsim nyog ntawm cov greatness ntawm peb cov neeg. Dahl tus ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau qhov kev txaus siab ntawm yav tom ntej tiam. "

Nyob rau hauv 1861, thawj tshooj ntawm cov phau ntawv txhais ntawm lub Imperial thaj Society muab Vladimir Ivanovich Konstantinovsky puav pheej. Nyob rau hauv 1868 nws tau raug xaiv los ib tug mus saib xyuas tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy ntawm Sciences. Thiab tom qab ntawv ntawm tag nrho cov tagnrho ntawm cov phau ntawv txhais lus Dahl tau txais lub Lomonosov nqi zog.

tsis ntev los no xyoo

Nyob rau hauv 1871, tus kws ntawv yog mob thiab caw rau lub sij hawm no ntawm ib tug Orthodox pov thawj. Dahl ua li no vim hais tias nws xav mus noj nyob rau hauv lub Orthodox rite. Xws li ua ntej nws hloov dua siab tshiab rau Orthodoxy tuag.

Nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 1872 Vladimir Ivanovich Dal, uas nws biography tau piav saum toj no, tau tuag lawm. Nws raug faus nrog nws tus poj niam nyob rau hauv lub tojntxas Vagankovsky. Rau xyoo tom qab ntawd muaj cog lus rau lub ntiaj teb, thiab nws tus tub Leo.