Abel nqi zog thiab nws laureates thiab lawv tau

Abel nqi zog yog ib qho analogue ntawm lub Nobel, tab sis, nrog qhov txawv tsuas yog hais tias lub tom kawg yuav tsis tau txais kev kawm txog zauv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau lawv nyob rau hauv 2002 nyob rau hauv Norway, thiab cov puav pheej yog tsim los pab. Txij li thaum 2003, nws muab tsub lub zoo tshaj plaws mathematicians ntawm peb lub sij hawm. Nws lub npe hu ua tus nqi zog no nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus naas ej tus paub txog Niels Abel.

Yog vim li cas yam khoom muaj nqis yog tsim?

NH Abel ua ib tug tseem ceeb heev pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm zauv paub. Nws yog tus tsim ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua kev tshawb xav ntawm elliptic zog, thiab ua ib yawm pab mus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm series. Tus kws tshawb fawb ua neej nyob tau 26 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus bicentenary ntawm nws yug los, tus Norwegian tsoom fwv tau txiav txim siab los faib ib tug dlej npaum li cas (200 lab NOK) rau Anpee tias nqi zog yog tsim los pab. Nws yog tsim tsis tsuas mus rau tau muab tsub nqis nyob rau ntawm koj daim ntawv thom nug. Lwm nws aim yog rau popularize lej ntawm cov hluas tiam.

Ib Delin - khiav 2013

Leej twg tau muab tus nqi zog no? Nyob rau hauv 2013 Abel nqi zog uas tau txais los ntawm lub Belgian mathematician Pierre Deligne rau nws tau pab rau algebraic geometry, kev tshawb xav tooj transformation, views, thiab lwm yam liaj teb.

Deligne yug nyob rau hauv Brussels thiab kawm tiav los ntawm cov dawb University ntawm pob. Tom qab tus kws tshawb fawb defended nws doctoral thesis, nws pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau lub koom haum Qib Siab Cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm pej xeem.

Qhov tseem tseem ceeb kev kawm tau ntawm Pierre Deligne - yog pov thawj ntawm peb-Weil conjecture, rau cov uas nws yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws daim ntawv thom nug rau cov ntiaj chaw. Ntawm 1970 thiab 1984, ib tus paub txog kev ua hauj lwm ntawm Princeton University nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas. Nyob rau hauv 2006, tus huab tais ntawm Belgium conferred tus txheej xwm ntawm Viscount Deligne, ua nws ib tug nom. Tam sim no ib Delin muaj ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Fabkis Academy ntawm Sciences, National Academy ntawm Sciences ntawm America, raws li zoo raws li lub noob nom noob tswv Swedish Academy ntawm Sciences. Nyob rau hauv Russia, lub Pierre Deligne kho nrog tshwj xeeb warmth. Tom qab tag nrho, zaum nqi zog Deligne yog tsim los pab uas nyob rau hauv 2005-2009 yuav tau cov tub ntxhais ntse mathematicians. Tom qab hais tias, cov nyiaj them yug ntawm cov tub ntxhais txuj ci koom nyob rau hauv "Dynasty" fund.

Abel nqi zog 2014.: Yakov Sinay

Nyob rau hauv 2014, lub prestigious puav pheej tau txais los ntawm Lavxias teb sab mathematician Yakov Sinai, uas yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Princeton University thiab lub koom haum rau Theoretical Physics. Landau. Puav pheej Committee cov ntsiab lus tawm hais tias Yakov Sinai tau tiav tseem ceeb tau nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw xws li dynamical systems, zauv physics thiab yuav qhov muaj tseeb kev tshawb xav. Tus kws tshawb fawb tau yug los nyob rau hauv 1935 nyob rau hauv Moscow rau hauv ib lub tsev neeg ntawm biologists. Nyob rau hauv 1957 nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub Moscow State University. Lomonosov. Txij li thaum 1971 yog ib tug xib fwb ntawm lub Moscow State University thiab ua hauj lwm nyob hauv lub koom haum rau Theoretical Physics. Landau Yakov Sinai. Abel nqi zog twb muab rau ib tus paub txog nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm 78 xyoo. Sinai tau luam tawm ntau tshaj 250 scientific cov khoom thiab tau sau ntau phau ntawv. Yakov Sinai yog tam sim no xam tau tias yog ib tug ntawm cov uas mathematicians nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Muaj ntau ntawm nws tej hauj lwm yog nyob rau kev tshuam ntawm kev kawm txog zauv thiab physics.

Laureate 2015 - Dzhon uas muaj nplooj loj Nesh

Tej zaum 19, 2015 Abel nqi zog twb muab rau mathematician los ntawm lub npe ntawm Dzhon uas muaj nplooj loj Nesh. Tus kws tshawb fawb tau txais qhov puav pheej ua ke nrog Louis Nirenberg. Tej zaum 23 hauv tib lub xyoo tus paub txog raug tua nrog rau nws tus poj niam nyob rau hauv lub tsheb sib tsoo. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no nws yog 86 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv 1994, Dzhon Nesh twb tseem muab tsub lub Nobel nqi zog nyob rau hauv nyiaj txiag kheej rau nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua uas tsis yog-koom tes ua si. Lub Norwegian nqi zog twb muab rau tus paub txog rau nws pab mus rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm nonlinear differential sib npaug. Ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab tau ua yog Nash kev ua si kev tshawb xav, uas kawm cov feem ntau tsim nyog zoo. Thiab kuj yog ib ntawm nws loj tshaj discoveries yog lub hom phiaj ntawm equilibrium.

Paub txog pom muaj ntau muaj koob meej ntawm lub masses tom qab ib tug hero ntawm zaj duab xis hu ua "A Beautiful Mind." Nws biography tau attracted sau ntawv raws li Dzhon Nesh, raws li ib tug ci ntsa iab mathematician uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm schizophrenia. Tus zaj duab xis qhia tau hais tias tus tawm tsam ntawm tus paub txog nrog tus kab mob no.

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau Dzhona Nesha, uas nyiam mus ua hauj lwm ib leeg, Louis Nirenberg, yuav luag 90% ntawm cov achievements ua nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog lug txhawb cov miv. Nws twb tiav poj ntsuam nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb xav ntawm differential sib npaug. Muaj ntau derivatives muaj npe nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Nirenberg thiab nws cov npoj yaig. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov Abel nqis nyob rau hauv kev kawm txog zauv twb muab tau Nash thiab Nirenberg, lawv yeej tsis tau ua hauj lwm ua ke. Txawm li cas los, lawv tau muaj tau ib lub zog txhawb ob leeg rau txhua lwm yam thiab nyob rau kev kawm txog zauv nyob rau hauv feem ntau.

Endryu Uayls: lub pov thawj ntawm Fermat Lub Xeem Theorem

Nyob rau hauv 2016 Abel nqi zog uas tau txais los ntawm lus Askiv mathematician Andrew Wiles rau qhov zoo pov thawj ntawm Fermat lub theorem. Tam sim no ib tus paub txog rau 63 xyoo. Nws tau txais nws txoj kev kawm hauv Cambridge thiab Oxford. Wiles yug nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg ntawm kev kawm lus Askiv pov thawj, uas kuj ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug xib fwb ntawm kev ntseeg nyob rau University of Cambridge. ib tug mathematician nws tus kheej siv 30 xyoo nyob rau hauv America, qhia zauv ntawm Princeton. Tam sim no Wiles ua hauj lwm nyob Oxford University. Thaum lub caij tam sim no nws muaj txog 15 khoom plig rau kom tau zoo nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm kev ua lej. Endryu Uayls twb knighted Korolevoy Elizavetoy II.