A. S. Pushkin, "Yuav kom Chaadaev". tsom xam ntawm cov paj huam

A. S. Pushkin, "Yuav kom Chaadaev" - lub ntsiab ntawm hnub no tus tsab xov xwm. Ib tug paj huam sau nyob rau hauv 1818. Tus neeg uas ib cov lus nws yog ib tug ntawm lub ze tshaj cov phooj ywg ntawm lub kws sau paj lug. Pushkin tau ntsib nrog P. Ya. Chaadaevym thaum lub sij hawm nws nyob rau hauv Tsarskoye selo. Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, lawv friendship tsis tsum li. Nyob rau hauv 1821 Chaadaev los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub "Union ntawm Welfare" (daim card haiv neeg ntawm lub Decembrists). Tab sis tsis ntev, nws tseem tshuav txoj kev ywj pheej-hlub ideals ntawm nws cov hluas. Qhov loj tshaj plaws uas kuv xav qhia nyob rau hauv nws zaj paj huam "Yuav kom Chaadaev" Pushkin ntsiab khiav los ntawm nws zoo li ib tug liab xov, - ib tug nriaj tiv thaiv cov autocracy, kev ywj siab, txoj kev ywj pheej. Cov lus yog tau txais los ntawm ib tug passionate, zoo siab, excitable nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem ntawm txoj cai, tej yam txaus siab thiab txawm pathetic. Tam sim ntawd tshwm hais tias nws belongs rau lub sij hawm thaum ntxov ntawm lub kws sau paj lug. Txawm li cas los, nrog rau cov ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm lub Lyceum Pushkin lub paj huam, muaj tshwm sim loj heev cov kab mob ntawm yav tom ntej mature tej hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv kev, cov khoom yuav tsum havzoov nyob rau hauv ob peb motives. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav tsis cia li tau rov qab nyob rau hauv txawv variations nyob rau hauv lub kws sau paj lug.

Alexander Pushkin, "Yuav kom Chaadaev" koob meej vim li cas

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lub Lyrics, thiab tej zaum nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntawm tus sau paj huam, nws yog - lub feem ntau ruaj khov. Nws yog Kwv yees hais tias nyob rau hauv Pushkin noun "hwjchim ci ntsa iab" yog pom txog 500 lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv txawv qhov tseem ceeb. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nws tsis yog tus nqi ntawm cov nws siv, tab sis nonetheless. Tag nrho nws lub neej, kom txog rau thaum kev sau ntawv ntawm ib tug "monument" Pushkin xav li cas xyov yog rau lawv hwjchim ci ntsa iab lug paub, pa kev txawj ntse, los yog tsuas yog lub txiaj ntsim ntawm secular lus xaiv thiab taug xaiv.

A. S. Pushkin, "Yuav kom Chaadaev": ua li cas tsis tseeb cia siab

Lyrical lus hero dag nyob rau hauv lawv cov zoo tshaj plaws kev ntshaw thiab kev npau suav, tab sis nws tsis zwm rau tag kev cia siab. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov no "elevating deception", yog ib tug noble delusion inevitably nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, vim nws uncontrolled impulses. Nyob rau hauv ib lub nra hnyav ntawm lub xyoo, ntawm chav kawm, lawv tawg ri niab, tab sis nws tus cim yog tshuav nyob rau hauv txhua txhua tus ntsuj plig, thiab yeej zoo dua qhov tsaus ntuj nti thiab tsis muaj tseeb. Lub motif ntawm deception thiab cuav, dashed vam Pushkin yog feem ntau yog muab piv rau ib tug npau suav uas ua rau kuv xav seb lub thawj philosophical kwv huam G. R. Derzhavina. Thaj, hu nkauj lub neej mus rau faded xim nyob rau hauv 17 lub xyoos yog tshwm sim rau tag nrho cov tub ntxhais paj huam.

A. S. Pushkin, "Yuav kom Chaadaev": vim li cas ntawm kev nom kev tswv txoj kev ywj pheej

Ntxiv mus, nrog ib tug phem heev ceeb toom cov lus mus rau ib tug sib txawv suab, ib tug loj, muaj lus zoo siab. Ntawm no tus sau siv nyob rau hauv cov nom tswv cov ntsiab lus teb meej mus rau txoj kev hlub lyrics dluab ntawm hluav taws, hlawv. Cov lus lawv qhia qhov kev siv ntawm xav. Txhua kab yog ua ntxiv thiab ntau dua kom meej meej rau kev nom kev tswv zaj uas lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv lub quab ntawm txoj cai vested txawm ntau kev cia siab thiab kev cia siab tias cov kev kovyeej ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej thiab ncaj ncees yuav yeej. Nyob rau hauv nom tswv kev ua cev qhev expectation txoj kev ywj pheej yog txawm ntau siab luv, ntau tus lub suab ntawm lub motherland. Nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug yog inextricably merged kev pab rau lub motherland nrog lub sim tawm tsam tsoom fwv - ib tug tsis ncaj ncees, oppressive neeg. Civil pathos ntawm cov lus yog intensified los ntawm ib tug quatrain mus rau lwm lub. Qhia suab nom tswv lus. Lub suab nrov ntawm tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm txhais ywj pheej motif. Kws capacious nyob rau hauv cov paj huam ua rau cov lo lus "Fatherland," "yawm," "kev ywj pheej," A. S. Pushkin. "Yuav kom Chaadaev" - ib tug hu rau ib tug neeg rau mob siab lawv tag nrho lub neej mus rau dawb ceev no ua, raws li cov liberation ntawm lub motherland los ntawm cov autocracy. Thiab rau cov uas, lub cim xeeb ntawm xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv yuav xav thov ua tsaug rau nws ntau tshaj li qhov chanting ntawm verses kev lom zem hluas thiab nyob ntsiag to yeej ntawm lub neej. High excitement thiab tig tau, kev hlub dawb paug rau tau lub teb chaws thiab txoj kev ywj pheej ua thiab xaus kab lus.