Yuav ua li cas yog OLEDs?

Nrog rau cov sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm lub thoob ntiaj teb lub zej lub zos mus rau lub tswvyim ntawm sustainable kev loj hlob, uas yuav lub greening ntawm tag nrho kev lag luam thiab muaj zog tej khiav ntawm tus neeg cov khoom, uas muaj txoj kev xaiv "organic", yog zoo txaus siab thiab kev thov. Thiab OLEDs twb tsis muaj exception. Tshiab hauj dlaws thiab cov khoom tshiab yeej ib txwm nyiam cov xim uas tus "advanced" cov neeg siv, kom PACE nrog lub sij hawm. Yuav ua li cas yog nws - OLEDs, dab tsi yog qhov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lawv cov chaw ua hauj lwm thiab zeem muag? Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm.

Heev me ntsis keeb kwm

Electroluminescent thaj chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv organic sab nyob rau hauv 1950 los ntawm Fabkis physicist Andre Bernanoz. Tab sis, tsuas nyob rau hauv 1987 lub foundations nrhiav ib tug hauj daws nyob rau hauv thawj OLED-ntaus ntawv manufactured los ntawm "Kodak". Thiab nyob rau hauv 2000, peb cia li chemists - A. MacDiarmid thiab H. Shirakawa thiab A. Heeger - twb muab tsub lub Nobel nqi zog rau nws discoveries nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov organic polymers tonkoprovodyaschih. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 2008, mus rau cov muag khoom thawj OLED-teeb OSRAM lub tuam txhab, uas tau ua xwb 25 cov ntawv luam ntawm ib tug nqi ntawm 25 txhiab euros. Niaj hnub no, cov teeb muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm tuam txhab uas muag ntawm ib tug nqi ntawm 500 euros, thiab muaj ntau ntau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub OLED-technology: PHOLED, TOLED, FOLED thiab lwm tus neeg uas peb yeej to taub xwb tshwj xeeb.

Qhov twg organic?

Oddly txaus, tab sis kev siv ntawm lo lus "organic" nyob rau hauv qhov ntsiab lus teb twb tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo rau cov khoom ntawm tsiaj los yog zaub keeb kwm. OLEDs los yog OLED (los ntawm cov lus Askiv Organic teeb emitting Diode), - ib tug semiconductor ua los ntawm ib tug carbon khoom uas generates tawg thaum dua therethrough ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no. Yog siv nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev siv thiab cov khoom ntawm cov organic Science News for KIDS (carbon tebchaw), uas tso cai rau lawv yuav tsum tau hu ua organic LEDs.

Tus ntaus ntawv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg

Tus ntaus ntawv muaj plaub qhov chaw: ib tug puag, ib tug anode, ib tug cathode, thiab cov radiating conductive txheej. Lub hauv paus los yog substrate yuav tsum iav, hnab yas thiab nws yog xim hlau paib. Lub anode yog ib qho indium oxide doped nrog tin. Conductive txheej thiab lub emitting khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog polymers, tsis tshua muaj molecular yuag organic tebchaw. Lub cathode yog tsim los ntawm txhuas, calcium, los yog lwm yam hlau.

Lub tshuab tej hauj lwm tsis yog rau physicists

Organic teeb-emitting diodes txheej txheem rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ib tug nyuaj. Ob peb nyias khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov organic semiconductors sandwiched ntawm raznozaryazhennymi electrodes (positive thiab negative). Thiab nws yog cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm pob tshab khoom - iav los yog yas (e.g., saj zawg zog polyimide). Thaum tam sim no ntws los ntawm cov electrodes, lawv daim ntawv them hais (electrons thiab quasiparticles). Nyob rau nruab nrab, cov organic txheej tus hais yog feeb meej thiab tsim high zog excitation, uas ua rau lub teeb emission ntawm ntau yam xim ntawm cov organic txheej. AMOLED li no yog precisely fluorescent los yog fosforetsentnye organic khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg.

Hom Matrix organic teeb emitting diodes

OLED-qhia rau cov hom matrix yog muab faib ua active-matrix thiab passive-matrix. Active-matrix nyias-zaj duab xis pab kiag li lawm yog tswj los ntawm teb-nyhuv transistors, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub anode ntawv ci. Lub passive-matrix duab yog generated ntawm cov kev tshuam taw tes perpendicularly txheej txheem anode thiab cathode ib daim hlab, thaum lub sij hawm kev tswj yog nqa tawm nrog ib tug sab nraud Circuit Court. Los ntawm no foundations, nws muaj peb xim schemes OLED-qhia:

• Nrog cais kob emitters - peb organic matrix emit peb tej xim (xiav, ntsuab thiab liab) uas ib tug duab yog tsim.
• Nrog peb dawb emitters thiab tshwj xeeb xim cov ntxaij lim dej.
• Blue emitters hloov dua siab tshiab tsis ntawm wavelengths ntawm liab thiab ntsuab.

niaj hnub daim ntawv thov

Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, OLED-technology yog siv mas nyob rau hauv uzkospetsializovannyh uas. Holography thiab hmo ntuj pom kev kiag li lawm, organic qhia radios thiab cov koob yees duab, xov tooj cov ntxaij vab tshaus thiab teeb, TVs thiab saib - tag nrho cov no yog cov kev muaj tiag ntawm OLED-technology.

Cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm lub OLED-pab kiag li lawm

Tag nrho cov niaj hnub pab kiag li lawm, los ntawm kev siv cov technology no, ua ntej los yog tom qab ntawd tshwm sim burnout xim brightness. Txawm nyob rau ntawm cov lus qhib nws raug sab fragility emission OLEDs. Resource lag luam ntawm lub ntaus ntawv hnub no yog suav suab kaw thaum lub screen brightness txo kom 50%. Lag luam yog nres rau ib tug muab index ntawm hais txog 70%. Tab sis corporations investing nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov technologies yog yielding tau - feem ntau tus neeg yog hloov cov outdated ntaus ntawv txawm ua ntej nws yog tsim los nyob ze ntawm lub kawg ntawm lub neej.

zoo tshaj plaws zoo tshaj plaws

Qhov loj tshaj plaws vaj huam sib luag nrog ib tug organic teeb-emitting diodes rau niaj hnub no - yog qhov khoom ntawm ib tug sib koom tes num ntawm corporations OSRAM, Philips, Novaled, Fraunhoter IPMS. Vaj Huam Sib Luag loj - 33 mus rau 33 cm, lub active ib feem ntawm lub cheeb tsam - 828 sq. cm, thiab lub aperture piv - 76%. Thaum brightness 1 txhiab ntawm candelas ib square Meter ntawm lub teeb flux hais ntawm 25 lumens ib watt. Muag hnub no, lub biggest lub tuam txhab Lumiotec vaj huam sib luag muaj ib tug loj ntawm 15 los ntawm 15 centimeters thiab ib tug luminous flux ntawm 60 lumens ib watt, uas yog sib npaug zos rau ib tug fluorescent teeb teeb. Ib tug Panasonic Corporation nyob rau hauv 2020 kev pab them nqi tso rau hauv kev ua lag luam OLED zaub nrog ib tug luminous flux ntawm 128 lumens ib watt. Txij li thaum nws competes American li maum muas lwj, uas cog lus tias vaj huam sib luag nrog ndlwg nqi mus txog 170 lumens ib watt.

Zeem muag rau OLED-panels

Feem ntau cov uas twb muaj lawm qauv yog prototypes hnub no. Lawv yeej kim heev, yog ua nyob rau hauv txwv cooling, tsis khoov, thiab tsis tau yog tsis txaus zoo. Loj corporations yuav tsom rau kom txhob muaj tus nqi ntawm qhov kev tsim, ua qhov loj thiab kev txhim kho productivity. Kws txawj twv seb lub rov tshwm sim ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub khoom uas muaj nqi pheej yig rau lub ntiaj teb no kev ua lag luam los ntawm 2020.

OLED-teeb pom kev zoo

OLEDs nyob rau hauv teeb pom kev zoo tsis tau rau lub lag luam nyob rau hauv nws kiag. Pawg zus tau tej cov no cov khoom tau tseem tsis tau launched tej corporation. Tus nqi ntawm xws teeb yog tseem heev rau qhov nruab nrab neeg, thiab qhov kev ci thiab lub roj teeb lub neej yog neeg pluag. Turnover ntawm 75 billion US dollars rau lub ntiaj teb no kev ua lag luam, uas yog feem ntawm OLED-teeb pom kev zoo - ib tug es me me npaum li cas. Tau txais kev pab ntawm cov khoom no yog tsis tej yam ntuj tso tus neeg, thiab lwm yam corporations uas koom nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov rooj tog thiab thaj chaw, raws li zoo raws li lub automotive kev lag luam corporation.

Zoo thiab tsis zoo

Nyob rau hauv OLEDs, muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Ntawm cov thawj indisputable lawv tsis tshua muaj zog noj thiab teeb tis ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub vaj huam sib luag, high efficiency, tej friendliness thiab mos mos lub teeb. Tab sis lub ntsiab zoo dua - nws yog ib lub sij hawm muab lawv yooj thiab subtlety. Ib tug disadvantage yog cov fragility kev pab cuam diodes, kim thiab hauj teeb meem (organic tivthaiv yog oxidized rau kev sib cuag nrog dej, uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv sealing). Tab sis corporations txuas ntxiv mus nqis peev pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov technologies, pom nyob rau hauv lawv lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm electronics.

Yog nws Eco-phooj ywg

Lub OLED-ntaub ntawv tsis muaj hnyav hlau thiab lom hais xws li mercury. Lawv yog yooj yim ua thiab tsis yuav tsum tau ib tug tshwj xeeb nqi thiab ntxiv ua muaj peev xwm qhia kom pov tseg. Iridium phosphorescent teeb OLED yog uas tsis yog-tshuaj lom, thiab nws cov nyiaj yog tsis tshua muaj me me. Tsheb thauj mus los nyias thiab lub teeb OLED-panels yuav tsum tau tsawg dua cov kev pab, txo cov nqi, thiab thiaj li muaj load rau cov ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, ib tug TV saib OLED-kab pheeb ces kaum ntawm 55 nti muaj ib tug tuab ntawm 4 mm, thiab nyhav txog 5.4 kilograms.

Fantasy yuav kev muaj tiag

Dua li ntawm qhov skepticism ntawm ib co kws txawj, feem ntau ntseeg hais tias OLED-technology yuav ua tau ib tug loj txhob nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st. Zoo heev tej yaam num ua kev muaj tiag, namely:

• Nws yog ib cov technologies yuav tsim tsis illusory, thiab heev tiag peb-dimensional daim duab.
• Teeb pom kev zoo qhov txhia chaw hloov OLED-teeb.
• Tshwm sim tshab solar panels.
• Saj zawg zog Gadget Saib yuav haum nyob rau hauv koj lub hnab tshos.
• Tiam khaub-ncaws nyias saib uas muaj xim zoo thiab ib tug dav saib lub yuav muaj instant teb, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus loj thiab ntev.
• Kev siv cov technology nyob rau hauv tus tiv thaiv kev lag luam nyob rau hauv kev yog amazing.
• Tab sis lub luminous khaub ncaws twb nyob rau hauv lub designer collections.

Tab sis tsis txhob tso tseg muaj - cov motto ntawm kws tshawb fawb thiab kws. Niaj hnub nimno science tau ntev tau nyob rau hauv lub bifurcation taw tes thaum tej foundations yuav tig txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev vam meej nyob rau hauv ib tug kiag li unpredictable kev taw qhia. Piv txwv li discoveries abound: no fullness nqus yeeb nkab thiab Krasnikova thiab txawm qhib ntawm lub organic tebchaw nyob rau hauv sib sib zog nqus qhov chaw. Niaj hnub no lub vanguard ntawm hluav taws xob gadgets - OLEDs, thiab tag kis - leej twg paub?