Carbon fiber: Properties, yees duab, sau, siv

Advanced industries thiab siv nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los muaj mastered ib tug ntau ntawm fundamentally tshiab technologies, feem ntau ntawm uas yog txuam nrog rau txoj kev cov ntaub ntawv. Ib tug qub neeg siv yuav pom cov manifestation ntawm tus txheej txheem no nyob rau cov piv txwv ntawm lub tsev ntaub ntawv nrog rau lub xam nrog ntawm composites. Tsis tas li ntawd nkag tau rau hauv lub tsheb carboxylic ntsiab uas ua rau kom kev kawm kev ua si tsheb. Thiab qhov no yog tsis yog txhua txhua cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv uas cov pa roj carbon composites yog siv. Lub hauv paus rau qhov kev tivthaiv yog cov pa roj carbon fibers, tus yees duab yog hais tom qab. Ua tau, nyob rau hauv lub unrivaled kev thiab lub cev zoo thiab nws yog cim thiab active nthuav tawm ntawm lub tshiab tiam ntawm composites.

Qhuav technology

Zus tau tej cov raw khoom siv nyob rau hauv ib tug tshuaj los yog tej yam ntuj tso organic fibers. Ntxiv mus, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb kev kho mob, tsuas yog cov pa roj carbon atoms nyob twj ywm los ntawm tus thawj preform. Lub ntsiab yam quab yuam yog kub. Cov hauj txheej txheem yuav ua tau zoo ntau yam tshav kub kev kho mob cov kauj ruam. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm cov thawj qauv yog oxidized nyob rau tej yam kev mob ntawm kub txog li 250 ° C. Nyob rau hauv lub kauj ruam tom ntej qhov kev npaj ntawm cov pa roj carbon fibers nyob rau hauv lub carbonization txheej txheem nyaij, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm uas cov ntaub ntawv uas yog rhuab nyob rau hauv ib tug nitrogen cua sov siab mus txog 1500 ° C. Yog li graphite-zoo li qauv yog tsim. Nws tub num tsoom sau tag nrho cov tsim txoj kev ntawm lub kawg ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov graphitization ntawm 3000 ° C. Rau ntawm no theem ntawm ntshiab carbon cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub fibers raws li high school raws li 99%.

Qhov twg carbon fiber yog siv?

Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo lub popularization ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas siv heev dua lwm yam nyob rau hauv heev tshwj xeeb qhov chaw, niaj hnub no muaj yog lub expansion ntawm ntau lawm, uas yog tshuab txais muab khimvolokno. Cov khoom yog saj zawg zog thiab heev ua kev nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm muaj peev xwm. Nws yog yuav hais tias daim ntawv thov ntawm xws fibers yuav nthuav, tab sis hnub no coj zoo theem pib hom kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Nyob rau hauv kev, peb nco ntsoov qhov kev siv kev lag luam, cov tshuaj, cov raug kev electronics, tsev khoom siv thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Nrog rau kev hwm mus tshwj xeeb qhov chaw, cov kev siv ntawm cov pa roj carbon fiber yog tseem ceeb heev rau aircraft manufacturers, kev kho mob electrodes thiab absorbing cov ntaub ntawv.

Pwm ntau lawm

Feem ntau, qhov no thaum tshav kub kub-resistant textiles, cov uas cov ntaub yarns, knitted fabrics, felts thiab cov zoo li. D. Ntau hauj qauv yog los tsim composites. Tej zaum qhov no yog lub feem ntau dav ya, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug carbon fiber raws li ib puag khoom rau loj ntau lawm. Nyob rau hauv kev, lub bearings, Thaum tshav kub kub-resistant Cheebtsam, qhov chaw thiab txawv hais uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txhoj puab heev tej kev kawm. Composites mas teem rau lub tsheb ua lag luam, txawm li cas los, thiab cov kev siv cheeb tsam yog heev kam xav txog tshiab proposals los ntawm cov manufacturers ntawm cov tshuaj fiber.

cov ntaub ntawv uas cov khoom

Lub meej ntawm lub cuab yeej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tau sab laug nws cov cim nyob rau hauv qhov kev kawm ntawm cov fibers. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, thermal siab kuj tau ua ib tug loj qhov txawv feature ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov xws cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd thermal influences, cov khoom yog resistant rau tshuaj thiab corrosive tej kev kawm. Txawm li cas los, Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm oxidation thaum lub sij hawm ua cua sov oxygen yog tam sim no, nws ua li cas rau cov fibers. Tab sis tus neeg kho tshuab zog ntawm cov pa roj carbon fiber yuav lwv nrog ntau tsoos ntaub ntawv, uas pom tau hais tias yuav khoom thiab resistant mus puas tsuaj. Qhov no zoo yog tshwj xeeb yog cov lus hais nyob rau hauv lub carboxylic khoom. Lwm cov khoom uas yog nyob rau hauv coob cov engineers ntawm txawv cov khoom yog cov muaj peev xwm ntawm haum. Vim tus nquag nto ntawm no fiber yuav ntshai li ib tug zoo catalyst system.

manufacturers

Intermediate ya yog American, Japanese thiab German tuam txhab uas muag. Lavxias teb sab technology nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yog yuav luag tsis hloov zuj zuj yav dhau los ob peb xyoos thiab yog tseem raws li nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Soviet lub sij hawm. Rau hnub tim, ib nrab ntawm cov fibers nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no lees paub rau cov Japanese tuam txhab uas muag Mitsubishi, Kureha, Teijin, thiab lwm leej lwm tus. Tus lwm tus ib feem yog muab faib nruab nrab Germans thiab Americans. Yog li ntawd, lub US yog lub tuam txhab Cytec, thiab nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, ua carbon fiber lub tuam txhab SGL. Tsis li ntawd, ntev dhau los nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov thawj coj ntawm cov qauv thiab ua lub Taiwanese lub tuam txhab Formosa Yas. Nrog hais txog domestic ntau lawm, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm composites muab kev koom tes tsuas yog ob tug tuam txhab uas muag - "Argon" thiab "txiv neej-ua fiber". Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tseem ceeb ua tau nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los tau ua tus Belarusian thiab Ukrainian businessmen, tsim tshiab niche rau coj mus muag siv carbon fiber tam yas.

Yav tom ntej carbon fibers

Vim hais tias tej yam ntawm carbon fiber tam yas nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze yav tom ntej yuav tso cai rau mus tsim khoom uas hais tias tau khaws cia tus thawj qauv ntawm lab ntawm cov xyoo, cov kws txawj twv seb lub oversupply ntawm cov khoom no. Dua li no, tus xav tuam txhab uas muag tseem mus ua cov haiv neeg ntawm hauj hloov khoom dua tshiab. Thiab nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas qhov no yog kev txaus cai, txij thaum lub thaj chaw ntawm cov pa roj carbon fibers nyob rau kev txiav txim ntawm qhov ntau dua li lwm cov tshuaj ntaub ntawv ntawm zoo. Suffice nws nco qab lub dag lub zog thiab tshav kub tsis kam. Raws li cov kev zoo, developers thiab tswv tshiab qhia ntawm kev loj hlob. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tej zaum yuav muaj xws li tsis tau tsuas yog tshwj xeeb kheej, tab sis kuj nyob ze rau qhov loj neeg cheeb tsam. Piv txwv li, cov pa yas, txhuas thiab ntoo ntsiab yuav hloov los ntawm cov pa roj carbon fiber, uas rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev ua tau zoo yam ntxwv yuav superior rau hauv lub niaj zaus cov ntaub ntawv.

xaus

Dav nthuav rau ntawm innovation Khimvolokno hampered los ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb. Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tus nqi. Txij li thaum cov pa roj carbon fiber yuav tsum tau kev koom tes ntawm high-tech cov khoom rau kev tsim, nws ntau lawm tsis muaj nyiaj them tsis yog txhua lub tuam txhab. Tab sis qhov no yog tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Qhov tseeb hais tias tsis yog txhua txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub manufacturers xav nyob rau hauv xws radical hloov nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj ntawm cov khoom. Yog li, kev txhim kho lub durability ntawm lub infrastructure caij, lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus yuav tsis yeej ib txwm ua zoo xws li cov hloov khoom dua tshiab rau ib sab yam. Cov no muaj tsis txaus uas nullifies tag nrho cov achievements ntawm tshiab technology.